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Biomedical subjects

F Deschamps

Publications and source records attributed to F Deschamps.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Prenatal aspects of giant fetal cranial haemangio-endothelioma.

A case of a large vascular lesion of the skull is reported. The lesion was discovered at 22 weeks' gestation and it rapidly increased in size, reaching 8 cm a month later. Tumor echogenicity was the same as that for soft tissues and colour Doppler examination revealed intense vascularization. Cordocentesis showed features of the Kasabach-Merritt syndrome and very high plasma levels of alpha-fetoprotein. A Caesarean section was performed to avoid dystocia and led to the birth of a baby with cardiac failure in the immediate neonatal period. Biopsies of the mass led to the diagnosis of a non-malignant haemangio-endothelioma. The mass was removed and plastic surgery performed. The baby is alive and well 9 months after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of urinary D-glucaric acid excretion in workers exposed to butyl glycol.

The biological follow-up of subjects exposed to butyl glycol (BG) is generally accomplished using a standard blood count that is not sensitive enough to reveal early intoxication by this molecule. For this reason we have used an indirect test for evaluating the induction of hepatic enzymes, the measurement in urine of D-glucaric acid (DGA), which reflects the activity of the glucuronic acid enzyme pathway. This study was performed on 17 foundry workers exposed to BG emissions coming from paints used in cataphoresis. The airborne concentration of BG was less than 0.3 times the average limit exposure value. This study shows that BG emissions at low concentrations are able to increase the activity of the enzymes of the glucuronic acid pathway. DGA urinary excretion increased by 165% in winter (p < .01) and by 85% (p < .05) in summer when the doors are open and the BG concentration lower. DGA urinary excretion is significantly higher in smoking than in nonsmoking exposed workers. None of these workers had a perturbed blood count. This study shows that the urinary level of DGA provides a good test for the follow-up of exposure to BG in the electrophoresis painting plant, and that the exposed smoking workers seem to be more sensitive to BG exposure than do the nonsmokers. In conclusion, the measurement of urinary DGA might be considered as a useful test for the surveillance of subjects exposed to vapors containing BG.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Erythema multiforme due to pyrazinamide.

Drug-induced erythema multiforme is reported with many antimicrobial and antipyretic medications. We present one patient who experienced erythema multiforme and urticaria after administration of pyrazinamide for treatment of cutaneous tuberculosis. The side-effects of pyrazinamide include hepatic or dermatologic disorders, but erythema multiforme has not yet, to our knowledge, been described. Clinical features and discontinuation and reintroduction of the drug led us to consider pyrazinamide the cause of the erythema multiforme, but allergologic studies remained negative, except for the presence of circulating immune complexes. The mechanism of this eruption remains obscure, and definite withdrawal of pyrazinamide seems to be the best therapeutic choice.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Choledochal cyst. Prenatal diagnosis and early neonatal management].

Cysts of the main bile duct occur rarely. Antenatal diagnosis has improve med management. We demonstrate the difficulties in identifying intra-abdominal liquid collections at antenatal examinations and discuss the differential diagnosis. Certain diagnosis is established when a communication between the bile duct and the cyst can be visualized. After sonography confirmation post-natally, early surgical cure is required and has radically changed the prognosis of this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Extrinsic allergic alveolitis of occupational origin].

Occupational factors encountered in farming and other agricultural activities produce a particular risk for respiratory diseases. For some, such as extrinsic allergic alveolitis, diagnosis depends upon a range of epidemiological, clinical, radiological and immunological arguments. Farmer's lung is one of the most common form of extrinsic allergic alveolitis. Bird breeder's lung is another, the list is long. The environmental allergens likely to affect alveoli and interstitial tissues have been identified, but simple detection of antibodies does not constitute a pathognomonic criterion of extrinsic allergic alveolitis. Co-immuno-electrodiffusion is a rapid and sensitive technique for the demonstration of remarkable precipitating systems of extrinsic allergic alveolitis. This investigation enables subjects who really have the disease to be distinguished from contact subjects. Diagnosis is important to prevent development of a disabling and irreversible pulmonary fibrosis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1995

Ready biodegradability test in seawater: a new methodological approach.

To estimate the persistence of xenobiotic in the environment, a new ultimate mineralization approach for assessing ready biodegradability in seawater has been developed, based on the OECD 301 B guideline for freshwater. a few changes in the currently accepted procedure have been made to adapt the test to seawater. The assays, realized with seawater as test medium and inoculum, give high variability results of biodegradability. To lower this variability a synthetic marine medium joined to a highly concentrated inoculum from a marine aquarium filter have been used. The results reveal (i) a decrease of variability, together with an increase in degradation rate of the tested chemicals due to a better control of inoculum and test medium, and (ii) no difference in easy biodegradable compound (sodium benzoate) biodegradation rate when two marine aquarium inocula are tested. This study demonstrates that the ready biodegradability test developed on synthetic marine medium and inoculum from marine aquarium filter minimizes the effect of the sample location on the biodegradation results of compounds and allows classifying chemicals as a function of their biodegradability.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1995

Toxic effects, at three pH levels, of two reference molecules on common carp embryo.

Early life-stage survival, motility, and growth toxicity tests were carried out on common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) endotrophic embryo, with two reference molecules (captafol and DNOC), from fertilization to the end of the first two-thirds period of mortalities by starvation. Thirteen days duration exposure was performed in daily renewed medium, at 24.5 degrees C, in standard synthetic water, at three pHs (6.9, 7.8, 9.0), in the presence of 10 mM/liter nontoxic pH buffer. Nominal concentrations of toxicants were 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/liter. Toxic effects on survival, motility, and growth decreased with increasing pH. From pH 6.9 to 9.0, the "no-observed-effect concentrations" differed by a factor greater than 8. Motility and growth cannot be considered, at population level, as true sublethal embryo-larval toxicity criteria. The toxicological interpretation of these results is discussed. They confirm the need of multifactorial methods for toxic risks and effects assessment on fish early life stages in the environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Mortality study among workers producing chromate pigments in France.

In a follow-up study of 294 men who had worked for at least 6 months in a chromate-producing factory in France between 1958 and 1987, only 16 were lost to follow-up and the number of person-years in the study was 5207. Occupational data were provided by the administration of the plant. The causes of deaths were ascertained from hospital and general practitioners' records. The observed numbers of deaths were compared with the expected numbers based on local rates with adjustment for age, sex and calendar time (standardized mortality ratio, SMR). The overall mortality did not differ significantly from that expected (SMR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.98-1.47), whereas mortality due to lung cancer was in significant excess (SMR = 3.60, 95% CI = 2.13-5.68). Significantly higher lung cancer SMRs were found for workers whose duration of employment was more than 10 years. A non-significant excess was observed for all forms of digestive tract cancer (SMR = 1.30, 95% CI = 0.60-2.47). There were two cases of brain cancer when 0.24 was expected (SMR = 8.44, 95% CI = 1.02-30.49). No previous report has mentioned an association of brain cancer with chromate pigments; however, because of the small numbers involved, a chance excess should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Placental chorioangioma. Two cases and review of the literature].

Two cases of placental chorioangiomas were discovered, one echographically after in utero death at mid-term pregnancy and the second during the neonatal period associated with acute hydramniosis and a single umbilical artery. At 8 months, the new-born was in good health after persistent cholestasis at birth. A review of the literature of the macroscopic, histologic, echographic characteristics and the foetal-maternal complications of chorioangiomas revealed few cases of in utero death, especially so early in term.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Retrospective study of pneumoconiosis in Champagne-Ardenne].

This study was carried out in two departments of Champagne-Ardenne. The aim was to assess the level of retrieval in patient population suffering from pneumoconiosis who were hospitalised with this disorder, compared to another population who had contracted the same disease in the working environment and were known to the local social security benefit office in the North East (CRAMNE). A list of 77 names of hospitalised patients had been obtained following requests for mineralogical analysis addressed to a specialised national laboratory. A second list of 59 names of patients who were receiving compensation for pneumoconiosis was provided by CRAMNE. Five subjects were common to both populations. The discordance between the two was partly explained by the non-recognition of the system of compensation for indemnifiable occupational disease. The recruitment of hospitalised patients leads to a bias which influences the distribution of pneumoconiosis patients. Subjects presenting with the most consistent abnormalities in pulmonary function did not all figure amongst the notified cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Risk of occupational cancers. Effect of deoxyribonucleic acid adducts].

Chemical binding to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is thought to be the critical initiation event in cancer formation. These adducts potentially produce deleterious biological effects if not repaired. Many occupational chemical carcinogens are fairly well correlated with their ability to form adducts with DNA. Ideally, DNA should be directly measured in target tissues, generally internal organs for most mutagens/carcinogens. There is considerable interest however in DNA adduct formation in white blood cells. It is conceivable that the major route of chemical intake that leads to white blood cell DNA adducts in exposed workers may not be inhalation. Oral intake and absorption through the skin may play a major role. 32 P-postlabelling is sensitive enough for the analysis of DNA adducts, but cannot be considered as a routine test. It is a promising method for detecting DNA damage resulting from exposure to complex occupational compounds.

Carcinogens↗