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Biomedical subjects

F Deinhardt

Publications and source records attributed to F Deinhardt.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Cloning of hepatitis A virus genomes].

The hepatitis A virus (HAV) belongs to the family of Picorna viruses/Enteroviridae. Its growing pattern in cell cultures deviates from the pattern found in other Picorna viruses: HAV does not have cytopathic effects and the replication rate of the virus in cell culture is lower than that one of comparable enteroviruses. In order to be able to understand the biochemistry and gene structure of this virus the genomic virus RNS was cloned molecularly as cDNS and the nucleotid sequence of the genom was partly clarified. The aim of our investigations is to characterize the neutralising antigen protein and the part of the gene coding for this protein, to express such a cloned part of the gene in bacteria, and to produce vaccine against HAV.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1983

[Vaccination of uremic patients against hepatitis B].

Hepatitis B vaccine (Merck, Sharp & Dohm) was administered according to various vaccination schedules to 12 patients in preterminal renal failure without haemodialysis treatment, 81 patients on a chronic haemodialysis programme and 43 staff of a nephrological centre. After three-times vaccination (at 0, 1, 6 months) with 20 micrograms HBs antigen, seroconversion occurred in 91% of persons without kidney disease. A double dose (40 micrograms) was given, at the same time intervals, to 29 dialysis patients, with a seroconversion rate of 55% and titre levels less than in those without renal disease. Of 26 dialysis patients given the same dose (40 micrograms) five times (at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 months), 63% achieved seroconversion with a definitely higher anti-HBs titre than those dialysis patients vaccinated only three times. Passive-active vaccination with 40 micrograms HBs antigen (at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 months) as well as 3 ml hepatitis B immunoglobulin (at 0, 2 months) was given to 26 dialysis patients. There was a comparable frequency of seroconversion (58%) and a comparable titre rise to those obtained with active vaccination alone. Twelve pre-uraemic patients not requiring dialysis (serum creatinine 753 +/- 184 mumol/l) also were actively vaccinated three times, the results not differing from those in dialysis patients. The findings indicate that patients with renal disease potentially needing dialysis should, in the early stages of renal failure (serum creatinine less than 500 mumol/l) be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1983

Characterization of human interferon-gamma-producing leukocytes with monoclonal antileukocyte antibodies.

Monoclonal antibodies with specificities for subsets of human leukocytes have been used for the characterization of interferon (IFN) gamma-producing cells. The production of IFN gamma was demonstrated to be a function of OKT3+T lymphocytes. The capacity to secrete IFN gamma was not restricted to the OKT4+ or the OKT8+T-cell subset. BA-1+B lymphocytes and Leu7+ natural killer cells did not contribute to the production of IFN gamma. Ia+, OKM1+ monocytes served an auxiliary function in the production of IFN gamma. The requirement for accessory monocytes, however, was not absolute, because monocyte-free preparations of long-term cultured IL2-dependent T lymphocytes retained the capacity to secrete IFN gamma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of hepatitis B core antigens derived from human liver or synthesized in Escherichia coli and evaluation of their use in diagnostic assays for anti-HBc IgM.

Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) synthesized in Escherichia coli (clone PR1-11) was compared with HBcAg purified from a liver obtained at autopsy of a patient with chronic active hepatitis B. The molecular weight determined by SDS-PAGE with subsequent transfer of the proteins to nitrocellulose paper, incubation with 125I anti-HBc and exposure to X-ray film, was about 21,000 for HBcAg synthesized in E. coli and was slightly lower for the liver-derived HBcAg. In CsCl density gradients the liver-derived HBcAg had one peak at 1.32 g/ml, and the HBcAg synthesized in E. coli had two peaks at 1.34 and 1.30 g/ml. In a comparison of the immunological activity of both antigen preparations in an enzyme immunoassay, the liver-derived HBcAg was detected only up to a dilution of 1:320, whereas the HBcAg synthesized in E. coli was detected in dilutions up to 1:100,000. With both antigens, the same percentage of sera were positive for anti-HBc IgM from patients with acute (100%), convalescent (61%), past (5%) and chronic active (29-37%) hepatitis. These results indicate that tests for anti-HBc IgM performed with HBcAg synthesized in E. coli are at least as sensitive and specific as those using liver-derived HBcAg.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1983

Inactivation of hepatitis A virus and indicator organisms in water by free chlorine residuals.

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and selected indicator organisms were mixed together in chlorine-demand-free buffers at pH 6, 8, or 10 and exposed to free chlorine residuals, and the survival kinetics of individual organisms were compared. HAV was enumerated by a most-probable-number dilution assay, using PLC/PRF/5 liver cells for propagation of the virus and radioimmunoassay for its detection. At all pH levels, HAV was more sensitive than Mycobacterium fortuitum, coliphage V1 (representing a type of phage common in some sewage-polluted waters), and poliovirus type 2. Under certain conditions, HAV was more resistant than Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis, coliphage MS2, and reovirus type 3. It was always more resistant than SA-11 rotavirus. Evidence is presented that conditions generally specified for the chlorine disinfection of drinking-water supplies will also successfully inactivate HAV and that HAV inactivation by free chlorine residuals can reliably be monitored by practical indicator systems consisting of appropriate combinations of suitable indicators such as coliform and acid-fast bacteria, coliphages, the standard plate count, and fecal streptococci.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1983

[Virus diseases in the ENT area].

Viral infections cause many disease in the mucous membranes, the upper respiratory and digestive tract, the salivary glands and the ear. Recent advances in the pathogenesis of viral diseases brought about an increasing interest of otolaryngologists. The general part of this paper presents the fundamental properties of viruses, their structure and replication, and the pathogenesis of the different forms of viral infections. The section of viral diagnosis describes laboratory methods and their limits as well as the clinical interpretation of viral tests. An overview of viral diagnosis describes laboratory methods and their limits as well as the clinical interpretation of viral test. An overview of prophylaxis and therapy of viral infections is given. The specialized section of the paper describes viral infections important for the otorhinolaryngologist. It includes infections of the aero-digestive tract, the ear and the salivary glands. Because of its special importance, Epstein-Barr virus and its associated diseases, and hypotheses about the oncogenesis of EBV-correlated tumours are presented in detail. The topic of the third part is of actual knowledge about interferon and its antiviral and antitumour effects. The findings of important clinical studies are discussed. The last chapter concerns with virushepatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Association of human leucocyte low responsiveness to inducers of interferon alpha with HLA-DR 2.

The influence of antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on the production of interferon (IFN) alpha or IFN gamma by human peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL) in vitro has been studied. Synthesis of IFN gamma by PBL stimulated with purified phytohaemagglutinin (PHA-P) or protein A of Staphylococcus aureus (SpA) appeared not to be controlled by MHC antigens. The production of IFN alpha, however, was influenced by the HLA type of the donor. Low responsiveness of PBL to inducers of IFN alpha (influenza virus, Molt 4 cells) was associated with HLA-DR 2. Implications of these observations for studies of IFN production and natural killer (NK) cell activity are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Viral hepatitis.

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Adult↗