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Biomedical subjects

F Davidson

Publications and source records attributed to F Davidson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Accidents in children. Epidemiologic studies of a rural and an urban area].

This study concerns all types of accidents which occurred within 1 year in children less than 15 years of age in 2 limited geographic areas: one urban, the other rural. 937 accidents have been registered. The accidental morbidity rate is 90 per 1,000 and the mortality rate 0.2 per 1,000 (close to the national average). Approximately 30% of accidents occur at home, 30% at school, 40% outside. Accidental death is more frequent in males, this difference increasing after the age of 10 years. The cost of the care was rather high, even though most of the accidents have had minor or no consequences. Nevertheless, 1% of them have been very serious involving either severe injury cured without sequelae (0.2 per 1,000), definite sequelae (0.6 per 1,000) or death (0.2 per 1,000).

Accidents↗
PubMed1982

[High-risk groups in pre-school children. Cluster analysis (author's transl)].

A 3 years supervision of 415 pre-school children was undertaken in Paris from 1974 to 1977. Four epidemiological sets of questions provided information on the familial and social situation as well as on the physical and psychological development of the child at 3, 9, 18 and 36 months of age. A cluster analysis was applied to the behavior and health variables in the 3 year-old child and 3 different groups were identified. Most children (69%) belong to the first group, characterized by the absence of difficulties or the presence of a few minor symptoms, 10% of the children belong to the third group, a "high risk group" because of their high frequency of symptoms. Half-way between these 2 groups, a "low-risk group" (21%) was identified. The reliability of this analysis was further supported by the study of the families (especially their social and economic status and the parents' mental health). This study also revealed the early onset of the symptoms in high risk children.

Behavior↗
PubMed1981

Cholesterol, coconuts, and diet on Polynesian atolls: a natural experiment: the Pukapuka and Tokelau island studies.

Two populations of Polynesians living on atolls near the equator provide an opportunity to investigate the relative effects of saturated fat and dietary cholesterol in determining serum cholesterol levels. The habitual diets of the toll dwellers from both Pukapuka and Tokelau are high in saturated fat but low in dietary cholesterol and sucrose. Coconut is the chief source of energy for both groups. Tokelauans obtain a much higher percentage of energy from coconut than the Pukapukans, 63% compared with 34%, so their intake of saturated fat is higher. The serum cholesterol levels are 35 to 40 mg higher in Tokelauans than in Pukapukans. These major differences in serum cholesterol levels are considered to be due to the higher saturated fat intake of the Tokelauans. Analysis of a variety of food samples, and human fat biopsies show a high lauric (12:0) and myristic (14:0) content. Vascular disease is uncommon in both populations and there is no evidence of the high saturated fat intake having a harmful effect in these populations.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1980

[The concept of risk resulting from the study of deviancy in the adolescent (author's transl)].

On the basis of epidemiological surveys on adolescents within the overall population (university or high-school students and young workers) or on samples of young people singled out for their pathological behavior (committing suicide, for example), the authors tried to find those factors which have a predicting value as to favor a possible evolution towards deviancy. They showed that, taking into account the sociopsychological and relational environment in which it occurs, the regular use of both alcohol and tobacco may be considered as an alert-sign.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Recurrent genital candidosis in women and the effect of intermittent prophylactic treatment.

A study of clotrimazole for the treatment of recurrent genital candidosis unexpectedly showed that symptoms and infection can be dissociated. The aim of the study was to see if intermittent antifungal treatment would reduce symptoms in women constantly distressed by recurrent genital candidosis. Forty women seriously affected by the condition were initially given oral and local antifungal treatment. When the patients were symptom-free and the vagina was free of yeasts, they were entered into a double-blind clinical trial and were treated prophylactically for four months with either intermittent clotrimazole pessaries and cream or a placebo. The prophylactic treatment kept symptoms below a critical level but did not affect the return of the yeasts to the vagina. This dissociation between symptoms and vaginal yeasts was unexpected. Rectal yeast carriage was unaffected by prophylactic vaginal treatment. Male contacts and patients both showed a high incidence of non-specific genital infection. This association has seldom been reported. A few patients cultured yeasts from their homes but this environment was not considered a major source of reinfection. The vaginal pH did not appear to be altered by the presence of yeasts. The results of the study suggested that symptoms in women with recurrent genital candidosis were not caused by yeasts alone, and possibly the reason for recurrences might lie not in constant reinfection by yeasts, but in failure to recognise and remove a primary underlying factor, perhaps infection with other sexually transmitted agents. The question of a synergistic action between yeasts and other organisms is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Yeasts and circumcision in the male.

Sixty-six circumcised men and 69 uncircumcised men, both heterosexual and homosexual, had specimens taken from the coronal sulcus and meatus of the penis. Yeasts were isolated at similar rates in both the circumcised (14%) and uncircumcised (17%) men. The circumcised men had significantly fewer symptoms (P = 0-0058). Therefore the female partners of both circumcised and uncircumcised men are exposed to similar rates of yeast infection despite the absence of symptoms in circumcised men. Eighty per cent of the female contacts of yeast-positive men had yeast infection while 32% of the contacts of yeast-negative men were affected. This difference was statistically significant (0-05 greater than P greater than 0-025). Men with non-specific genital infection seemed more likely to carry yeasts than men with gonorrhoea or normal men.

Candida albicans↗
PubMed1977

Recurrent genital candidosis and iron metabolism.

It was thought possible that recurrent genital candidosis, like chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, might be related to abnormalities in iron metabolism. Haemoglobin, serum iron, and serum ferritin levels of patients with recurrent genital candidosis were compared with those of patients who harboured yeasts but had no history of 'thrush', and with a control group of patients with no evidence of yeasts or history of 'thrush'. The mean haemoglobin level in patients with recurrent genital candidosis was significantly lower than in the control group (P less than 0-05) but it was thought that this difference did not have much practical meaning. There was no significant difference in the serum iron and serum ferritin levels between the three groups.

Candidiasis↗