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F Davidoff

Publications and source records attributed to F Davidoff.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

www.annals.org.

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Humans↗
PubMed1999

In the teeth of the evidence: the curious case of evidence-based medicine.

For a very long time, evidence from research has contributed to clinical decision making. Over the past 50 years, however, the nature of clinical research evidence has drastically changed compared with previous eras: its standards are higher, the tools for assembling and analyzing it are more powerful, and the context in which it is used is less authoritarian. The consequence has been a shift in both the concept and the practice of clinical decision making known as evidence-based medicine. Evidence-based decisions, by definition, use the strongest available evidence, are often more quantitatively informed than decisions made in the traditional fashion; and sometimes run counter to expert opinion. The techniques of evidence-based medicine are also helpful in resolving conflicting opinions. Evidence-based medicine did not simply appear in vacuo; its roots extend back at least as far as the great French Encyclopedia of the 18th century, and the subsequent work of Pierre Louis in Paris in the early 19th century. The power of the evidence-based approach has been enhanced in recent years by the development of the techniques of systematic review and meta-analysis. While this approach has its critics, we would all want the best available evidence used in making decisions about our care if we got sick. It is only fair that the patients under our care receive nothing less.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Changes to manuscripts during the editorial process: characterizing the evolution of a clinical paper.

CONTEXT: Biomedical manuscripts undergo substantive change as a result of the peer review and editorial revision processes. OBJECTIVE: To characterize quantitatively problems in manuscripts identified during peer review and changes made to address these problems. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive analysis of manuscripts submitted to and articles published by the Annals of Internal Medicine. A taxonomy of problems that occur in reporting clinical research was developed from analysis of changes made to 7 manuscripts between submission and publication (published October 15, 1996, and November 1, 1996). The taxonomy was used to characterize changes to 12 additional manuscripts (published January 15, 1997, to April 1, 1997). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Types of problems necessitating changes to manuscripts during peer review and revision. RESULTS: Changes occurred because of 5 types of problems: too much information, too little information, inaccurate information, misplaced information, and structural problems. Changes most often occurred because information was missing or extraneous. The distribution of changes seemed to be influenced by the type of information involved (such as background or conclusions). CONCLUSION: The proposed framework may be useful for characterizing quantitatively the effects of peer review and for comparing those effects across editors, journals, and specialties.

Peer Review↗