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F Daschner

Publications and source records attributed to F Daschner.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Epidemiology of nosocomial septicemia (author's transl)].

During recent decades the incidence of nosocomial septicemia has considerably increased. From 1976--1980 on average 0.6% of 39, 802 prospectively analyzed hospital patients acquired septicemia. The risk of acquiring nosocomial septicemia in intensive care units is 10 times higher than in general wards. The risk is highest in medical and surgical intensive care units. Most common bacteria causing nosocomial septicemia were: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Nosocomial pneumonia, wound infections and venous catheter infections most often lead to septicemia. In half the patients with septicemia the infection either directly caused death or contributed to the death of the patient. The hospital costs for patients with septicemia are twice as high as for patients with the same underlying disease without septicemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Hospital-acquired infections in a university health centre: prospective analysis of 39 802 patients (author's transl)].

The proportion of hospital-acquired infections in a university health centre varied between 0.03 and 26.8%. The average rate of hospital infection was 4.37%. Highest infection rates were found in surgical departments, newborn and premature baby units and in intensive care units. Urinary tract infections, wound infections, pneumonia, infections of the skin, subcutis and mucous membranes, as well as septicaemia, were found most commonly. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently found agent of hospital-acquired infections. The incidence of these infections can be markedly reduced by making use of specially trained hygiene staff and by intensive measures to control spread of infections.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1981

Combination effect of piperacillin with four aminoglycosides on nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria.

The in vitro efficacy of piperacillin in combination with gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin and netilmicin against 57 nonfermenting gram-negative bacterial strains was compared by use of the checkerboard agar dilution technique. On average 34% of all nonfermenting strains were inhibited by additive, 13% by synergistic piperacillin-amino-glycoside combinations. Great variation occurred between the different bacterial species. Piperacillin-aminoglycoside combinations were most active on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and least potent on Pseudomonas cepacia. Piperacillin was highly active against P. aeruginosa, P. cepacia, Pseudomonas fluorescens-putida and Acinetobacter species.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1981

[Comparative study of serum levels and urinary excretion following oral administration of paromomycin and neomycin (author's transl)].

In a comparative study absorption and elimination characteristics of p.o. administered paromomycin and neomycin were investigated in healthy volunteers and patients with liver cirrhosis and/or portocaval shunt. Serum and urine concentrations were determined by means of the diffusion test. 1. In a cross-over study 6 volunteers were each administered single p.o. doses of 14.28 g paromomycin sulfate (= 10 g free base = 1.6 X 10(-2) mol) and 16 g neomycin sulfate (= 10.65 g free base = 1.7 X 10(-2) mol). Following these virtually equimolar doses AUC values of neomycin were 2.5 times as high as those of paromomycin (p less than 0.01). Paromomycin serum level time courses could be described by an open one-compartment model with a mean half-life of 2.6 h (harmon. mean). Mean computed maximum levels of 3.6 microgram/ml appeared on an average of 1.9 h after administration. After 32 h the mean recovery in urine was 0.2%. 5 volunteers showed a similar behavior with a mean excretion of 0.1%, whereas one person excreted 0.8% in urine. The time course of neomycin was evaluated according to an open two-compartment model with a distribution half-life of 1.5 h and a terminal half-life of 9 h (harmon. means). Mean computed maximum levels of 5.1 microgram/ml appeared on an average of 2.6 h after administration. The mean lag time was 1.3 h. 32 h after administration 0.3% of the dose were detected in urine. 2. Patients with cirrhosis and/or portocaval shunt were treated with 8 capsules/d of either 357.1 mg paromomycin sulfate or 250 mg neomycinsulfate each over a period of 7 days. Despite the lower dose of neomycin comparable serum levels of both aminoglycosides were observed. This result can be explained by a lower elimination rate and a higher extent of accumulation of neomycin. Mean amounts excreted in the urine of the 7th day were 0.1% for paromycin and 0.2% for neomycin.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Nosocomial infections in a children's hospital. Results of a prospective study covering 3 1/2 years (author's transl)].

The average nosocomial infection rate of 2,950 patients of a University Childrens Hospital (among them 672 patients of a newborn intensive care unit) was 16.4%. The most common infections were: of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (42%), upper respiratory tract infections (21.1%) gastrointestinal infections (12.6%) wound infections (6.8%), septicemia (5.6%) and pneumonia (3.3%). Bacterial species most commonly isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The prevention and control of hospital acquired infection is of utmost importance for the care of children in hospitals.

Child↗
PubMed1980

[Resistance of Haemophilus influenzae to antibiotics in the Federal Republic of Germany (author's transl)].

In a multi-center study 523 strains of H. influenzae and H. parainfluenzae isolated from patients in eight towns of the Federal Republic of Germany were tested for their sensitivity to 15 different chemotherapeutic agents. 1.7% of the strains were resistant to ampicillin, 1,5% to chloramphenicol and 2.5% to tetracycline. All ampicillin-resistant strains produced beta-lactamase. For the first time, multiple resistant strains were isolated: two against ampicillin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline; one in addition also against co-trimoxazole. It is likely that there will be a spread of such resistant strains.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1980

[Septicemia].

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Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Pneumonia].

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Cephalosporins↗
PubMed1980

[Abscess].

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Anti-Bacterial Agents↗