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Biomedical subjects

F D Scutchfield

Publications and source records attributed to F D Scutchfield.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Clinical preventive services: the physician and the patient.

Physicians have positive attitudes and beliefs about providing preventive services. Numerous constraints, however, influence provision of these preventive services, such as system/organizational problems, reimbursement issues, the science of clinical preventive services, and an authoritative source of information to guide physicians. Even in the best of circumstances, physicians are not as effective as they or their patients would like in providing clinical preventive services. The illness orientation is a powerful obstacle for even the most motivated physician to overcome. Many studies suggest activities that could improve physicians' compliance with their own attitudes toward preventive medicine. Patients are important partners in physician-patient interaction, and have a vital part in the provision of preventive services. But in most cases, patients are seen as passive partners in the preventive care service interaction, and this serves the patient and the physician poorly. Patients appear motivated to receive preventive services, but in some cases (e.g., immunizations), they may be misinformed about these services. The presence of a knowledgeable, activated patient will improve the provision of preventive services, and thus enhance community health.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Testicular self-examination by young men: an analysis of characteristics associated with practice.

This study was conducted to determine the level of testicular self-examination (TSE) awareness and practice and to identify characteristics related to TSE awareness and practice in a sample of college men. A 26-item survey was administered to 404 male college students. Forty-two percent reported they were aware of TSE, more than 41% had been taught TSE, and 22% had examined their testicles at least once in their lifetime. Approximately 8% of the study population reported practicing TSE once a month. The PRECEDE model was used to categorize the significant variables that influenced monthly TSE practice. Age and college class were significant demographic variables; predisposing factors included having heard of testicular cancer, knowing about recommended practice rates, feeling that cancer can be controlled, and awareness of the risk factors associated with testicular cancer. Having been taught TSE was the statistically significant enabling factor. A discussion of TSE in the past 6 months was the significant reinforcing factor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Barriers to prescribing the Copper T 380A intrauterine device by physicians.

From a questionnaire sent to all obstetricians and gynecologists and all family and general practitioners in San Diego County, California, regarding the Copper T 380A intrauterine device, substantial barriers to prescribing it were identified. Of all physicians responding, 40% reported that they were not recommending the Copper T 380A to anyone, the single most common reason given being concern about medical liability. A lack of knowledge about the new device, a lack of intrauterine device insertion skills, and certain medical practice settings were also important barriers to prescribing it. The new intrauterine device is considered in the context of innovation-diffusion theory. Substantial amounts of education and training and improvement in the medical-legal climate are needed before current barriers to prescribing the new device are removed.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1989

AIDS update.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a new and frightening epidemic. Epidemiology has clearly delineated the mechanisms of spread as sexual intercourse, transfer of blood, and vertical transfer from infected mother to newborn child. Although much remains to be answered about infection with the AIDS virus, present information will allow containment of its spread while methods of controlling the threat, such as development of vaccine and therapy, are vigorously pursued.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Preventive attitudes, beliefs, and practices of physicians in fee-for-service and health maintenance organization settings.

To identify the self-reported differences in preventive practices, attitudes, and beliefs of physicians practicing in fee-for-service (FFS) and health maintenance organization (HMO) settings, we surveyed a 100% sample of primary care physicians practicing in a large, urban, closed-panel HMO and a random sample of physicians, in the same county, who were in an FFS practice. The FFS physicians were more likely to consider behavioral risk factors important than were HMO physicians, and they were more likely to ask their patients about behavioral risk factors. Fee-for-service physicians were more likely than HMO physicians to use continuing medical education courses to upgrade their skills in modifying behavioral risk factors. There was little difference in the self-reported proportion of patients with specific behavioral risks in the FFS and HMO practices. Also, both groups were comparable in their perception of their ability to do behavioral counseling and their perceived success in such counseling. We conclude that FFS physicians are more likely to have positive preventive beliefs, attitudes, and practices than are HMO physicians.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1978

Family medicine in the undergraduate medical curriculum.

Family medicine has become an integral part of the under-graduate medical curriculum in many schools. The process of developing this important segment of the curriculum has encountered many difficulties which have centered around the particular phase in which family medicine is introduced in the student's development. The student must recognize family medicine as an academic discipline comparable to, and as important as, other traditional specialties. Through the use of the model practice unit, the development of cognitive behavioral objectives, and the provision of continuity of care experiences during the undergraduate medical curriculum, the student can grow to understand that family medicine is, in fact, as academically strong as other more traditional specialties. This article describes the experience, problems, and the development of these components in one medical school.

Alabama↗
PubMed1975

Alternate methods for health priority assessment.

Four methods for assessing priorities of health problems were use in a 15-county Appalachian region. Despite overall similarities the tendency is for providers to focus on categorical disease problems while consumers focus more on organization and financing problems. Only one of the methods described, community diagnosis, uses objective data; thus, the health professional must assume an educational role and help consumers use and interpret data. Prioritization of health problems allows for more appropriate use of limited resources.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The demand for doctorally prepared public health personnel in institutions of higher education.

We examined the demand for doctorally prepared public health personnel in academia. We developed an unduplicated list of positions advertised during 1983 in several of the nation's public health journals. Based on this, we identified a total of 217 available positions. We surveyed the persons who placed the advertisements regarding their perceptions of the applicant pool, their experiences in filling the positions, and their perceptions of the future supply of doctorally prepared public health personnel. Of the respondents, 93% were in institutions of higher education. Based on their response, it appears that the current supply of doctorally prepared public health personnel is short and is likely to continue to be limited. Respondents had difficulty filling the advertised positions, based on the amount of time necessary to fill the position, and a number of positions had to be modified in order to be filled. Thirty-two percent of the respondents replied that the pool of applicants was low or poor. Thirty-four percent felt there was a shortage of such personnel, and a similar percentage felt there would be a future shortage. Based on our data, we believe that there is now a shortage of doctorally educated public health personnel for academic positions and that this shortage is likely to continue.

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