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Biomedical subjects

F D Dastur

Publications and source records attributed to F D Dastur.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Response to single dose of tetanus vaccine in subjects with naturally acquired tetanus antitoxin.

Tests among 410 Indians not artificially immunised against tetanus showed that 80% had measurable antitoxin. Single doses (100 Lf or 250 Lf) of a potent tetanus toxoid were given to such individuals with naturally acquired antitoxin. The 100 Lf dose produced on average a ten-fold rise in antibody level, and the 250 Lf dose a twenty-fold rise. In adults who had been artificially immunised, a 5 Lf dose produced a four-fold to ten-fold rise in antibody level. In infants three doses of triple vaccine produced satisfactory antitoxin concentrations. The levels of antibody achieved after a single 250 Lf dose should protect for 5 years. Single-dose vaccination may be better than the conventional three-dose scheme for a population that is unlikely to comply with a three-dose regimen and in whom naturally acquired antitoxin is associated with partial tolerance to tetanus toxoid. Naturally acquired antitoxin in Indians is probably the result of chronic clostridial contamination of the small bowel. This contamination can induce immune tolerance in the gut and systemically and may be the reason for the poor responses to vaccination in all except infants.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

HLA antigens and E-rosettes in tetanus patients.

One-hundred-and-fifty-four tetanus patients and 118 normal persons were typed for 27 HLA antigens of A and B loci. There was no significant difference in the frequency of any of these antigens between the normal controls and the tetanus patients. Classification of the patients into mild, moderate and severe also did not show any significant deviation in the frequency of HLA antigens from the controls. Percentage E-rosettes in normal individuals showed lower values among a low socioeconomic group. The values for E-rosettes among tetanus patients were similar to those observed in low socioeconomic normal individuals. The distribution of ABO and Rho (D) groups among the tetanus patients were not significantly different from the frequencies in the normal population.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1979

Neuropathy in tetanus.

Thirty-four cases of severe tetanus were studied. On clinical examination weakness and sensory loss compatible with peripheral neuropathy was found in 27. The pattern was usually asymmetrical, the commonest nerves affected being ulnar, median and lateral popliteal, although occasionally circumflex, musculocutaneous, femoral and facial nerves were also involved. Electrophysiological studies showed spontaneous activity resembling denervation potentials, diphasic and positive sharp waves. In some muscles there was also activity resembling spontaneous firing of motor units. Motor and sensory conduction velocities in the affected nerves were moderately reduced and the amplitude of sensory potentials was also reduced. No conduction was found in 11 nerves in 8 patients on initial studies, but 4 out of 7 nerves that could be studied showed rapid recovery. Although most of the nerves in the rest of the patients showed clinical recovery, conduction velocities showed improvement most often when examined about 10 weeks after the onset of trismus. The clinical and electrophysiological evidence suggests the involvement of peripheral nerves in severe tetanus. Serum neuritis, hypersensitivity reaction to tetanus toxoid or drug-induced neuropathy have been ruled out.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Cephalic tetanus: demonstration of a dual lesion.

A clinical and electrophysiological study of 15 cases of cephalic tetanus is reported. This condition is a form of local tetanus which commonly follows an injury to the face or head. It is characterised by muscle paralysis which is maximal close to the site of injury, while spasm is evident at mroe distant sites. As muscle paralysis improves with time it is succeeded by spasm. It is argued that paralysis is due to high local concentrations of toxin in the brainstem while lesser concentrations cause spasm by abolishing inhibition. Electrophysiological studies indicate that paralysis is of lower motor neurone type with denervation potentials, hyperirritability, loss of motor units, and marginally increased distal latencies being the features recorded.

Adult↗