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Biomedical subjects

F D Daschner

Publications and source records attributed to F D Daschner.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Combination effect of azthreonam with four aminoglycosides on nosocomial gram-positive cocci and non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria.

The inhibitory combination effect of azthreonam with gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin and netilmicin respectively against 50 non-fermenting gram-negative rods and 30 gram-positive cocci was compared using the checkerboard agar dilution technique. On average 49.5% of all non-fermenting strains were inhibited by additive, and 48.5% by synergistic azthreonam-aminoglycoside combinations, but only 4.5% of the gram-positive cocci were inhibited by synergistic combinations. No antagonism occurred. No significant differences could be found between the effects of the respective azthreonam-aminoglycoside combinations.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1982

[Experience with lamoxactam in gynecology: application as a monotherapeutic agent in severe genital infections and determination of its concentration in uterine and tubal tissues].

In 30 patients with genital infections of different etiology and high fever lamoxactam was used as a single agent antibiotic. In 90% of the cases the treatment was successful. The antibiotic did not need to be changed in any of the cases. The determination of the lamoxactam concentration in the uterus and the fallopian tubes after a single dose of 2 grams pre-operatively at various times showed high tissue levels for a prolonged period of time. The concentrations were still higher 6 hours after the single dose than the in vitro MHK values for most bacteria important in gynaecological infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacokinetics of cefotiam in normal humans.

Doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g of cefotiam were infused intravenously over a 15-min period in a crossover fashion to eight volunteers. Doses of 1.0 and 2.0 g were infused intravenously over periods of 30 and 60 min in a double crossover fashion to another eight volunteers. Serum concentrations fell rapidly from peak levels between 30 and 170 micrograms/ml at the end of the infusion to less than 1.0 micrograms/ml within 6 h after all regimens. The terminal half-life in plasma varied between 0.6 and 1.1 h. The slopes of the time-concentration curves with the different regimens showed different half-life data. The urinary excretion of cefotiam was mostly completed within 4 h of the beginning of drug administration. The pharmacokinetics of cefotiam were dose dependent. With the 2-g dose, the peak plasma concentrations and the values for the area under the curve were more than twice the values observed with 1 g; decreasing values of plasma clearance were observed with higher doses. Injection of cefotiam caused no immediate discomfort or reaction at the infusion site.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

In vitro comparison of cefotetan with five other cephalosporins against nosocomial pathogens.

The in vitro activity of cefotetan against Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacterial strains including nonfermenting species has been compared with that of cefoxitin, cefotaxim, moxalactam, cefoperazone and ceftazidime by use of an agar dilution method. Cefotetan was found to be inactive against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species and only moderately active against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas cepacia, and Enterobacter cloacae. It was more active than cefoxitin and cefoperazone against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and indole-positive Proteus strains.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

Effect of ceftriaxone on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in broth, serum, and in combination with human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

We investigated the antibacterial activity of ceftriaxone at concentrations of 1/4 X minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), 1 X MIC and 4 X MIC against a serum-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a serum-resistant STaphylococcus aureus strain in broth, serum, and in combination with leukocytes. Killing effect of ceftriaxone in broth was significantly better than in serum; ceftriaxone improved leukocyte bactericidal activity without serum on P. aeruginosa, but not on S. aureus. The antibacterial activity of ceftriaxone was most effective in combination with leukocytes and serum, achieving a marked bactericidal effect already at subinhibitory ceftriaxone concentrations.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

Combination effect of ceftriaxone with four aminoglycosides on nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria.

The in vitro efficacy of ceftriaxone in combination with gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin and netilmicin against 50 nonfermenting gram-negative bacterial strains was compared by use of the checkerboard agar dilution technique. On average 42.5% of all nonfermenting strains were inhibited by additive, 22.5% by synergistic ceftriaxone-aminoglycoside combinations. Great variations occurred between the different bacterial species. Ceftriaxone-tobramycin interactions were superior to combinations with other aminoglycosides. Ceftriaxone-aminoglycoside combinations were most active on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and least potent on Pseudomonas cepacia.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1982

In vitro combination effects of cefsulodin, moxalactam and cefoperazone with four aminoglycosides on nonfermenting nosocomial gram-negative bacteria.

The activity of moxalactam, cefsulodin and cefoperazone on 67 non-fermenting gram-negative bacterial strains isolated from patients with nosocomial infections was tested either alone or in combination with gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin and netilmicin, respectively, by use of the checkerboard agar dilution technique. Cefsulodin was most active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, cefoperazone was the most active cephalosporin tested against Pseudomonas fluorescens-putida and Acinetobacter antitratus. Cefoperazone-aminoglycoside interactions were found to be synergistic in only 2--5% of all strains, cefsulodin and moxalactam in combination with aminoglycosides were most potent against P. aeruginosa. Cefsulodin-gentamicin interactions were superior to other cephalosporin-amino-glycoside combinations.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1981

Prospective clinical trial on the efficacy of amoxycillin administered twice or four times daily in children with respiratory tract infections.

Thirty-four children with upper or lower respiratory tract infections were randomly allocated to receive either a twice daily or four times daily dose of 50 mg amoxycillin/kg body-weight/day. Mean duration of therapy was identical in both groups. Peak and trough antibiotic concentrations were determined. Eradication of bacteria, clinical improvement and side-effects were comparable in both groups.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Ticarcillin concentrations in serum, muscle, and fat after a single intravenous injection.

Ticarcillin concentrations in serum, muscle, and fat were determined simultaneously in 23 patients after the intravenous injection of a single dose of 5 g. The mean concentrations of ticarcillin in serum, muscle, and fat were, respectively, 185 microgram/ml, 18 microgram/g, and 32 microgram/g at 1.0 to 1.5 h after the injections, declining to levels of 11 microgram/ml, 2 microgram/g at 6 to 7 h after the injections. There was no significant difference between the serum tissue ratios at these time periods.

Adipose Tissue↗