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Biomedical subjects

F Cosentino

Publications and source records attributed to F Cosentino.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Outcome of cancer patients receiving home parenteral nutrition. Italian Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (S.I.N.P.E.).

BACKGROUND: Indication for home parenteral nutrition (HPN) in cancer patients is controversial because intestinal failure and malnutrition are often only two of the many problems found in such patients that may deserve priority of treatment. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 75 cancer patients from nine institutions included in the Italian HPN Registry. The patients had a mean weight loss of 12.5%, serum albumin of 3.1 g/dL, lymphocyte count of 1150/mm3, and serum total iron-binding capacity of 190 micrograms/dL. The main indication for HPN was intestinal obstruction (66%); 72% of the patients had metastatic disease. A series of demographic, oncologic, and nutritional characteristics were analyzed in an attempt to predict a possible benefit of HPN. RESULTS: A total of 9897 days of HPN were delivered to 75 cancer patients, for a median of 4 months (range 1 to 15 months) per patient. Sixty-nine patients died while receiving HPN, five had a remission of their intestinal failure, and one chose to stop the treatment. Complications related to parenteral nutrition were as follows: 19 cases of sepsis, 6 catheter occlusions, 4 catheter dislocations, and 2 metabolic imbalances. HPN preserved nutritional status and slightly improved weight, lymphocyte count, serum albumin, and Karnofsky performance status in patients who survived > 3 months. Quality of life during HPN was judged by the clinicians to have improved in only 9% of those who survived < 3 months, but in 68% of the patients who survived for > 3 months. Karnofsky performance status > 50 at the start of HPN was correlated with longer survival (p = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated a positive effect of HPN on nutritional status and quality of life in patients who survived > 3 months and suggests that HPN should be avoided when Karnofsky performance status is < 50.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Drugs for the prevention and treatment of acute renal failure.

Certain preventive measures might decrease the incidence or severity of acute renal failure, including vigorous hydration before the administration of radiocontrast agents, and use of mannitol, loop diuretics, dopamine, and calcium antagonists. However, the pharmacologic agents should be used judiciously, and clinicians should not accept blindly that they are indicated in all clinical situations involving acute renal failure until further studies are available.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Heart disorders secondary to cerebral ischemic infarct. A clinical study of 20 patients and diagnostico-therapeutic considerations].

The role of heart disorders in the onset of stroke has been examined in depth, but scarce attention has been paid to the relationship between cerebral ischemic stroke and subsequent heart disorders. The paper reports the results of a study of this relationship. The present state of knowledge is outlined together with the possible risk factors which might be useful in constructing a suitable therapeutic-prophylactic protocol to reduce the cardiological risks of "acute" neurosurgical treatment.

Brain Ischemia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Differential diagnosis of multiple gliomas, multicentric gliomas and the other main endocranial multifocal lesions. Presentation of a case].

Multifocal gliomas represent an uncommon lesion, particularly if the supra-tentorial and infra-tentorial spaces are involved. The Authors describe a particular case and they outline the main differences between multiple gliomas and multicentric gliomas. Then, they consider the various possibilities of diagnosis and differential diagnosis of multiple endocranial lesions.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Familial cerebral aneurysms: case report and review of the literature].

Familial occurrence of cerebral aneurysms is rare. About 80 families affected by these lesions have been reported in the international literature to date. The authors describe three members of a family presenting intracranial aneurysms without other congenital associated anomalies. Clinico-pathological features, with regard to the possibility of an early and a more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approach, are presented and discussed in the light of the available literature on this topic.

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Holter's ECG monitoring in esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Premedication with tiropramide. Preliminary notes].

Endoscopy of the upper digestive tract with flexible instruments is presently a safe, widely used technique in gastrointestinal pathology. Some cases of changes in cardiac rhythm, ventricular fibrillation, ischaemia and cardiac arrest, have, however, been observed during EGDS. The incidence of arrhythmias during EGDS in 41 patients, monitored during the examination with Holter's ECG, has been observed. The results obtained confirm that EGDS does not bring noteworthy cardiovascular changes sufficient to suspend the examination. The absence of parasympathicomimetic effects makes it possible to consider thyropramide one of the drugs of choice in medication before EGDS.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Alizapride versus placebo in premedication for esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Double-blind clinical study. Experimental research in vitro].

The pronounced antiemetic properties of Alizapride, one of the new azimidobenzamides suggested the assessment of its efficacy on 40 patients due for oesophagogastroduodenoscopy. The drug proved highly satisfactory as premedication for the examination, significantly inhibiting vomiting and stomach wall tone during the examination as was indicated by in vitro studies.

Animals↗