Biomedical subjects

F Cliquet

Publications and source records attributed to F Cliquet.

40 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Oral rabies vaccination of foxes with one or two delayed distributions of SAG2 baits during the spring.

During the spring of 1997, various protocols of rabies vaccine bait (SAG2) distribution for foxes were compared: in the first test zone, a first distribution was organised at the end of April, followed by a second distribution two weeks later; in the second test zone, there was a first distribution at the same period as for the previous zone, followed by a second distribution four weeks later, at the end of May. In two control zones, a classical single bait distribution was organised during the same periods as for the second distribution in the respective test zones. No statistical differences were observed for adult foxes or fox cubs sampled in the test and control zones neither for baits uptake nor for seroconversion rate. However, seroconversion rates observed in fox cubs population were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in areas vaccinated at the end of May (43 and 56%) compared with those vaccinated at mid-May (24 and 20%). The vaccinal efficacy of baits was also significantly (P < 0.05) increased for the fox cubs in the areas vaccinated at the end of May (46 and 57%) compared with those vaccinated at mid-May (24 and 25%). This increase in immunological response by fox cubs when vaccinating in late spring must be related to their development. In the early spring, fox cubs are generally too young to have access to baits or to be vaccinated when eating them. For most of these fox cubs, a second distribution will not constitute a booster. Therefore, in order to increase the efficient access of fox cubs to vaccine baits, Spring distribution of baits should preferably be organised during May or June rather than in April.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Safety evaluation of the SAG2 rabies virus mutant in Tunisian dogs and several non-target species.

The safety of the SAG2 rabies virus, a highly attenuated mutant of the SAD strain intended to vaccinate dogs by the oral route, was evaluated in local Tunisian dogs and in five other local species likely to consume vaccine baits. These species were the domestic cat (Felis catus), the jackal (Canis aureus), the jerboa (Jaculus orientalis), the merion (Meriones sp.) and the gerbil (Gerbillus campestris). The vaccine was administered orally to 21 dogs, 11 cats and eight jackals and orally or intramuscularly to 62 wild rodents of the above-mentioned species. Seven dogs, one cat, five jackals all juvenile and with poor health status) and two rodents died for intercurrent causes. The others were observed for 60-180 days. No animal showed any rabies symptom. Seroneutralizing antibodies were observed in all experimental groups, only after vaccination, with the highest rate being observed in jackals and rodents. The rabies virus was detected in the oral cavity of three cats 6 h after oral instillation, but was not isolated later either in saliva or in salivary glands. Tissue samples (brain and salivary glands) from dead or euthanized animals were examined for the rabies virus antigen by a fluorescent antibody test. No rabies antigen was detected. These trials confirm the safety of the SAG2 strain on the Tunisian species already demonstrated by other authors on many other target and non target species.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Borna disease: a possible emerging zoonosis.

The Borna disease virus (BDV) causes a disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in several vertebrate species. The progress made over the last 30 years in molecular biology has allowed us to identify the unique characteristics of the virus, such as its persistence in the CNS and the way it is expressed. This has allowed scientists to classify this pathogenic agent in a new family of RNA viruses. BDV affects a very large spectrum of hosts and is responsible for a disease characterised by behavioural anomalies. The large range of intra- or inter-specific symptoms of this disease (from persistence of the virus without clinical symptoms to CNS destruction) make epidemiological studies very difficult. Different diagnostic tools have allowed the detection of this infectious agent in different species around the world (central Europe, USA, UK, Japan, Iran, etc.). The disease can be fatal for sheep and horses (its primary natural hosts) and can infect other species such as rats, cattle, dogs, cats or pigeons. In human beings, BDV could be responsible for certain psychiatric disorders. In France, the limited number of epidemiological studies that have been conducted up until now (in veterinary and medical fields) does not allow scientists to ascertain whether the disease is present in France or not. Due to the suspected large geographical distribution of this infectious agent, however, we could expect the presence of BDV in France.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Vaccination of Tunisian dogs with the lyophilised SAG2 oral rabies vaccine incorporated into the DBL2 dog bait.

The protective effect of the lyophilised SAG2 oral vaccine bait DBL2, already demonstrated on laboratory dogs, needed to be verified on common Tunisian dogs. Seven Tunisian dogs consumed totally or partially one DBL2 bait containing 10(8.3) TCID50 of the highly attenuated rabies vaccine strain, SAG2. Five of the seven vaccinated animals survived a challenge administered 33 days later with a Tunisian canine street rabies virus to which five of the six controls that were not vaccinated and had no specific antibodies succumbed. The partial or total consumption of a single DBL2 bait thus conferred a protective immune response similar to that observed in laboratory dogs to dogs of poor health status. The sero-antibody response was, however, weak: only two vaccinated dogs exhibited a significant neutralising antibody response after vaccination and before the challenge, and four after the challenge.

Administration, Oral↗