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Biomedical subjects

F Capron

Publications and source records attributed to F Capron.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Thoracic actinomycoses. General illustrated review of 4 surgical cases].

Actinomycosis of the lung is rare and difficult to diagnose. Its good prognosis after medical treatment contrasts with the high frequency of surgical excision, due to the fact that pre-operative diagnosis is exceptional. Following a review of the recent bacteriological, radiological and therapeutic data available in the literature, 4 personal cases are presented. In all 4 cases actinomycosis was diagnosed post-operatively on the presence of yellow grains in the histological specimens. In 2 cases surgical excision proved impossible, but an almost complete radiological recovery could be obtained after prolonged treatment with co-trimoxazole. This shows how important it is to be aware of the disease, to improve its diagnostic approach and to remember its sensitivity to antibacterial agents, even in well organized forms.

Actinomycetales Infections↗
PubMed1985

Lymph node modification in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with AIDS related complex (ARC). A histological, immuno-histopathological and ultrastructural study of 45 cases.

The authors present the results of a histopathological study on the lymph-nodes taken from 45 subjects suffering from either an AIDS or from a chronic adenopathy corresponding to the definition of AIDS related complex (ARC). The various aspects observed were classed as type I to type IV. The lymph-node modifications observed in the 29 patients with an ARC could be divided into three principle groups: an extensive follicular hyperplasia associated with other elementary lesions or type IA (25 lymph-nodes from 23 patients); changes resembling a multicentric Castleman syndrome or type IB (1 case); angioimmunoblastic-like (AIL) lesions or type II (2 cases) and an association of lesions of type II (7 lymph-nodes from 6 patients). During AIDS, the adenopathy usually disappears, and the small lymph-nodes removed, especially on autopsy, show an extensive lymphoid depletion (type III) with systematic sclerosis (15 lymph-nodes from 14 patients). When adenopathy persists, it is due to infections complications (tuberculosis, cryptococcosis, avian mycobacteriosis and Whipple's disease like lesions). Of the 10 patients in whom a Kaposi's sarcoma was observed, only 6 showed lymph-node involvement, or type IV. The different histopathological lesions seem to appear according to an evolving succession, proven by certain association of lesions and by successive biopsies. In our series, 17% of subjects with an ARC evolved to AIDS. Lymph-node biopsy allows a possible ARC to be implicated on the association of the following simple lesions: follicular hyperplasia with partial or total destruction of the perifollicular lymphocytic cisterna, infiltration of the germinative centres by streams of small lymphocytes, evolving to an aspect of a "burst" germinative centre and various sinusal reactions with, in particular, the presence of neutrophilic polynuclear cells. The biopsy also allows the forms with bad prognosis to be recognized: those with AIL-like aspect or multicentric Castleman-like syndrome, which seems to represent a particular evolutive form. Finally, it also detects, in certain cases, the localization of a Kaposi syndrome, signalling the passage to AIDS. The immunopathological studies present a double interest. Firstly, they offer arguments in favour of the diagnosis: increase in the number of T8 lymphocytes in the germinative centres with the formation of small clusters and disruption of the network of dendritic reticular cells, and the inversion of the T4/T8 ratio in the extra-follicular cortical regions, by either a decrease in T4 lymphocytes or by an increase in T8 lymphocytes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Pulmonary polymorphic centroblastic type malignant lymphoma in a patient with lymphomatoid granulomatosis, Sjögren syndrome and other manifestations of a dysimmune state.

A case of lymphomatoid granulomatosis arising in a patient with a long history of dysimmunity is reported. The autopsy reviewed the final evolution into a high grade malignant lymphoma with IgM K immunoglobulin production and discovered in deep lymph nodes modifications similar to angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia. Optical and histo-immunological study of 5 cases with an electron microscopy study of one of the cases].

5 cases of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia of the skin are reported. This rare condition was initially described in 1969 by Wells and Whimster. The microscopical pattern is characterised by an atypical vascular proliferation associated with an eosinophilic and lymphoplasmocytic granuloma. In our series, immunohistological study demonstrated the polyclonality of the plasmacytoid component. Electron microscopy performed in one case shows endothelial features even in cells forming clusters without well-defined lumen. These results support the endothelial origin of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Focus on Kartagener's syndrome. Apropos of a case].

Kartagener syndrome, identified 40 years ago, is an obstructive bronchopulmonary condition of early onset which rapidly becomes chronic and linked to immobility of the bronchial cilia. This clinical entity is based upon a kinetic problem secondary to ultrastructural abnormalities of the cilia. Current techniques for the study of ciliary movement and electron microscopy in particular are sufficiently accurate to be able to link certain ciliary abnormalities to particular clinical manifestations. Although it is a frequent neonatal condition, Kartagener syndrome may be compatible with prolonged survival. The authors report a case in an adult, with a favorable course, and give an updated review of the condition.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1985

[Bronchial localization of a T-cell immunoblastic lymphoma. Transformation from mycosis fungoides].

A case report is presented of a patient with a pleural effusion subsequently shown to have a localised immunoblastic lymphoma of the bronchus of non-Hodgkin's type. The development of this lymphoma in a patient with mycosis fungoides underlines the potential for the transformation of a T cell epidermoid lymphoma of low grade malignancy to a lymphoma of high grade malignancy.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[Respiratory pathology induced by inhalation of hair lacquer].

On the basis of a critical analysis of the literature, the authors review the various respiratory lesions imputed to the inhalation of hair lacquers. Pulmonary thesaurismosis is alleged to result from accumulation in the pulmonary parenchyma of non-biodegradable macro-molecules, such as PVP. Only isolated cases have been published and the true existence of this disease remains to be confirmed, in the absence of convincing epidemiological data as well as the lack of experimental reproducibility. Chronic inhalation of hair lacquers may, however, be responsible for bronchial irritative manifestations and obstruction of the small airways, in particular in hairdressers. Increase in the relative risk of bronchopulmonary carcinoma has not been proven.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Immunocytochemical localization of hepatic legandin and Z protein utilizing frozen sections for light and electron microscopy.

Ligandin (glutathione-s-transferase) and Z protein are soluble hepatocellular proteins that are involved in the transfer of organic ions, including bilirubin and some hormones and carcinogens from the plasma to the liver. The intracellular distribution of ligandin and Z protein was studied by applying the peroxidase-antiperoxidase procedure of L. A. Sternberger (Immunocytochemistry, Prentice Hall Inc., 1974) to paraffin sections and free-floating 10-micrometers frozen sections that were processed for both light and electron microscopy. Ligandin and Z protein were localized to the cytosol of hepatocytes in association with smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), but no reaction product was present between cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Penetration of reagents was enhanced in 10-micrometers frozen sections and the preservation of subcellular structures was equivalent to thicker, unfrozen sections.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Hydrolase activities in the rat aorta. I. Effects of diabetes mellitus and insulin treatment.

Vascular disease in diabetics could arise in part from altered vessel wall catebolism. Specific activities of hydrolases in aortic smooth muscle cells from rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were measured. Enyzmes included: neutral alpha-glucosidase, alpha-mannosidase, and lysosomal N-acetyl beta-glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, cathepsin C, acid alpha-glucosidase, and acid cholesteryl esterase. After 4,8, and 11 weeks of diabetes, activities of all enzymes studied were decreased significantly in diabetic vessels, decreases ranging from 15% for cathepsin C to 62% for alpha-mannosidase. After 3 weeks of diabetes, insulin treatment for 1 week restored enzyme levels to normal. After 7 weeks of diabetes, 1 week of insulin treatment did not restore enzyme levels fully to normal (acid cholesteryl esterase was unchanged); 4 weeks of insulin did. Acid phosphatase and N-acetyl beta-glucosaminidase activities were reduced markedly in histochemical studies of diabetic aortas at all time periods and were restored by insulin treatment. Alloxan-induced diabetes gave results similar to those with streptozotocin. Significant decreases of aortic hydrolase activities, including those of lysosomes, occur in experimental diabetes mellitus and could contribute to accumulation of substrates in vascular smooth muscle cells.

Alloxan↗
PubMed1978

Hydrolase activities in the rat aorta. II. Effects of hypertension alone and in combination with diabetes mellitus.

Hypertension is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis and often occurs in association with diabetes mellitus. Specific activities of hydrolases in homogenates of aortas from rats with renal-clip hypertension, normotension following a period of hypertension, and hypertension combined with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus were measured. Enzymes included: neutral alpha-glucosidase, and lysosomal N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, cathepsin C, acid alpha-glucosidase, and acid cholesteryl esterase. After 6 or 12 weeks of hypertension, specific activities of all enzymes measured were significantly increased, levels ranging from 24% above normal for cathepsin C to 351% above normal for N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase. Six weeks of normotension following 6 weeks of hypertension resulted in restoration to normal of four of the six enzyme activities; the remaining two enzymes were significantly below normal levels. Combined hypertension and diabetes mellitus showed smooth muscle cell levels of four of the five hydrolases measured to be significantly lower than those present with hypertension alone. In every instance, histochemical studies of aortas showed acid phosphatase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activities which corresponded to the biochemical findings. These findings indicate profound and discrete effects of two clinical risk factors on vascular smooth muscle cell lysosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Hodgkin's disease with epithelioid cells. Study of 56 cases having undergone an exploratory laparotomy].

Histological examination of the various specimens taken during an exploratory laparotomy for Hodgkin's disease revealed the presence of epithelioid cells in 56 cases out of a total of 235 patients (i.e. 23.8 p. 100). These cells were disseminated throughout the lymphoid tissue or grouped in clumps, in plaques or, more rarely, as true follicles. They were found either in contact with Hodgkin's lesions or at a distance in organs free of disease. They were found in Lukes-Rye histological types 1, 2 and, above all, 3. Their significance remains unknown. The most likely hypotheses would appear to be those of a response to the accumulation of substances to be eliminated (tumour antigens?) or those of a disorder in cellular immunity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of mediastinal lymph nodes in nonsmall cell lung cancer. A new approach based on the lymphatic pathway of tumor spread.

Computed tomography was used to evaluate mediastinal lymph nodes in 97 patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer. All patients had thorough surgical-pathological determination of mediastinal node status. Twenty-three patients were found to have metastatic lymph nodes. The usual lymphatic pathways of tumor spread into the mediastinum were defined using the node mapping scheme suggested by the American Thoracic Society. We considered mediastinal nodes abnormal when the short axis of the largest mediastinal node in the lymphatic drainage territory of the cancer was greater than or equal to 10 mm and the difference between this node and the largest node in the other territories is greater than 5 mm. The sensitivity was 78%, the specificity 99%, the positive predictive value 95%, the negative predictive value 94%, and the accuracy 94%. Comparing our method to those that used the size criterion alone, the number of false positives was reduced.

Adult↗