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Biomedical subjects

F C Hollows

Publications and source records attributed to F C Hollows.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

High dose intravitreal ganciclovir in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of intravitreal administration of high doses of ganciclovir as a supplement and alternative to intravenous administration in the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN: A retrospective study of visual outcome, relapse and complications of intravenous and high dose intravitreal administration of ganciclovir alone and in combination. METHOD: Twenty-three patients with AIDS and CMV retinitis (37 eyes) were examined by the authors and notes, fundal drawings and photographs reviewed. Initially patients were treated with intravenous ganciclovir alone and given supplementary intravitreal therapy for relapse or vision-threatening retinitis; however, later patients were managed with combination maintenance ganciclovir or maintenance intravitreal treatment alone. RESULTS: Relapse and loss of vision occurred frequently in patients treated with intravenous ganciclovir alone or in combination with intermittent intravitreal therapy. Eyes managed with maintenance high dose intravitreal ganciclovir alone or in combination with intravenous treatment did not relapse or lose vision. The most important complication of intravenous administration of ganciclovir was neutropenia (73% of patients), whereas that of intravitreal therapy was endophthalmitis (three eyes). CONCLUSION: High dose ganciclovir given intravitreally effectively suppressed CMV retinitis and preserved vision without adverse systemic effects or deterioration of quality of life.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1989

Pharmaceutical production and intraocular lens implantation: technology appropriate to the Third World.

Eritrea, in the Horn of Africa, suffers the serious health problems and obstacles to the provision of adequate health care that typify Third World countries. Yet, despite the compounding effect of war, the Eritreans' pharmaceutical facility meets 40% of their capsule and tablet requirements, and all their intravenous fluid demands. If intravenous fluid production is possible in this environment, as it is, then the authors contend that routine microscopic intraocular surgery (including intraocular lens implantation) should be as well. The establishment of an Eritrean facility capable of such surgery is recorded. The authors believe this type of surgery should be seriously considered in any attempt to deal with the problem of Third World cataract blindness.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1988

Uremic optic neuropathy.

Vision loss progressing over several days, reduced pupil reactions to light, and swollen optic nerves were the clinical features in six patients with severe renal disease manifested by uremia, anemia, and (in four patients) moderately or severely elevated blood pressure. In two patients pale edema of the optic nerve head extended into the macula. One patient with renal transplant rejection was in the early phases of cryptococcal meningitis that went undiagnosed for two weeks. Medical management with hemodialysis was followed by improvement of vision in four patients. In one patient, resumption of oral corticosteroid therapy was followed by improvement in vision. The patient whose vision improved the most rapidly was managed by prompt use of both dialysis and oral corticosteroid therapy. The patient with cryptococcal meningitis did not recover vision.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Scleral reinforcement in the treatment of pathologic myopia.

Pathologic myopia is a relatively common blinding condition for which current treatment is limited and controversial. Macular changes and vision loss proceed from the development of a posterior staphyloma. A scleral reinforcement technique has been used in seven eyes of six patients. The procedure is technically uncomplicated and safe.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Avoidable blindness.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

Sling markers in scleral reinforcement surgery.

Scleral reinforcement surgery requires a long-term controlled study to establish its efficacy in arresting the blinding complications of pathologic myopia. Only those cases with proven scleral sling reinforcement of the posterior pole should be included in such a study. Tantalum graft markers allow postoperative verification of sling position, and the exclusion of those cases with inappropriately placed reinforcement grafts.

Constriction↗
PubMed1978

Report of a mucopolysaccharidosis occurring in Australian aborigines.

The first 2 reported cases of a mucopolysaccharidosis occurring in an Australian aboriginal family are presented. Though these children had the characteristic morphological features of the Hurler syndrome, enzyme assay of cultured fibroblasts showed normal levels of alpha-L-iduronidase and decreased activity of arylsulphatase B. Thus, they represented the Hurler syndrome clinically, while they had the enzyme defect of the Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome, and they may represent a new severe form of the Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome. The parents of these children were first cousins. Though the children were not full blood aborigines, examination of the pedigree indicates that the gene originated in the common aboriginal family.

Australia↗
PubMed1977

What should we teach? A consensus method to determine curriculum content.

The content of an undergraduate curriculum is usually decided upon by the appropriate University Department. Such a Department is staffed exclusively by specialists in the field. The technique described in this paper is one which uses the perception of a wide variety of doctors, including specialists in the field, other specialists and general practitioners, to determine what should be taught to undergraduate students. The outcome of this study reveals that there is substantial agreement on what basic materials should be taught in an undergraduate curriculum in Ophthalmology. There is a substantial agreement throughout the profession on the basic required competencies in Ophthalmology, but it is clear that general practitioners are much more demanding in their requirements from the undergraduate curriculum than are specialists. Ophthalmologists are the least demanding of the undergraduate. The consensus technique described in this paper is a practical and formative method of obtaining valuable data for use in curriculum construction.

Australia↗
PubMed1977

Pseudoexfoliation of the lens in Australian Aborigines.

The first cases of pseudoexfoliation of the lens to be found in Australian Aborigines are reported. The prevalence rate in the communities in central Australia is 1-3% and for those 61 years and older is 16-3%. Within the limits of our assessment glaucoma was an associated finding in 8-1% of these cases. A high incidence of old trachoma, previous trauma, and Labrador keratopathy was also noted in these people.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

A two year follow-up of infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

Forty-seven of 74 infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome who had received intensive care in the neonatal period were examined between the ages of 15 and 24 months to assess their progress. All the children (including the premature infants) had caught up with their peers in height, weight and head circumference. Although 11 infants had a history of respiratory problems, only two showed residual lung changes on radiological examination. Only one infant who had frequent apnoeic spells had serious eye problems due to retrolental fibroplasia. A definite neurological deficit was found in one case, in which a congenital infection could not be ruled out.

Child Development↗
PubMed1976

The effect of an unsaturated-fat diet on cataract formation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

1. Cataract formation in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats was reduced by approximately 85% when a diet rich in maize oil (300 g/kg diet) (fat diet) was given, thus confirming results of earlier studies. However, the concentration of sorbitol in the lens of diabetic animals remained high, the values for diabetic rats given the standard diet and the fat died being 65 and 40 mumol/g protein respectively. 2. With the standard diet, the fatty acid profile of the triglycerides of the epididymal fat pads was characterized by a greater relative proportion of saturated fatty acids for the diabetic animals compared to that for the normal animals. The fat diet moderated the tendency towards saturation in the diabetic animals. 3. The fat diet had other effects on the diabetic animals; these included a reduced mortality rate, increased body-weight, a decrease in the daily water intake, and in the daily urinary excretion of glucose and urea. 4. In the diabetic animals the fat diet had no effect on the specific activities in the liver of hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1), glucokinase (EC 2.7.1.2), phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11) and pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40). However, the specific activity of glucose-6-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.9) was reduced, while that of malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NADP) (EC 1.1.1.40) was increased. The NAD+:NADH ratio, as calculated from liver pyruvate and lactate concentrations, tended to increase. 5. The results suggested that the fat diet moderated the long-term metabolic effects of diabetes.

Animals↗