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Biomedical subjects

F C Guinto

Publications and source records attributed to F C Guinto.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Expansile bone lesions of the vertebra.

Vertebral expansion may be caused by both benign and malignant disease processes. Recognition of such lesions on radiographs facilitates accurate diagnosis in many cases.

Bone Cysts↗
PubMed1988

Relationship of depth of brain lesions to consciousness and outcome after closed head injury.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed in 94 patients who sustained closed head injury of varying severity. Results of MR studies obtained after the intensive care phase of treatment disclosed that intracranial lesions were present in about 88% of the patients. Consistent with the centripetal model of progressive brain injury proposed in 1974 by Ommaya and Gennarelli, the depth of brain lesion was positively related to the degree and duration of impaired consciousness. Further analysis indicated that the relationship between depth of brain lesion and impaired consciousness could not be attributed to secondary effects of raised intracranial pressure or to the size of intracranial lesion(s).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Combined CT metrizamide syringography and needle aspiration of cystic intramedullary spinal cord lesions.

A modified spinal cord puncture technique that was combined with CT metrizamide syringography for the evaluation of potentially cystic spinal cord lesions has been used in 5 patients. This procedure proved to be safe and efficacious in the preoperative differentiation of cystic neoplasms from syringohydromyelia. It also aided in planning a surgical approach by revealing details of the tumor location and/or syrinx dynamics. Spinal cord puncture associated with CT metrizamide syringography has a role in the diagnosis and therapy of patients with cystic spinal cord lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Primary intracranial ependymoblastoma presenting as spinal cord compression due to metastasis.

A primary intracranial ependymoblastoma presented only with symptoms of spinal cord compression due to metastatic spread of the tumor via the leptomeninges. Such a presentation is very rare among primary neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS) and unique among the 12 previously reported ependymoblastomas. The previous cases all arose as primary brain tumors and several were remarkable for extensive leptomeningeal spread of the tumor. These observations and the presentation of our patient suggest that a histological diagnosis of ependymoblastoma of the spinal cord, with or without symptoms of intracranial tumor, should suggest that an intracranial primary lesion might be present.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Virchow-Robin space: a path of spread in neurosarcoidosis.

Three cases of documented sarcoid meningoencephalitis were reviewed. Computed tomography (CT) showed enhancing, perivascular, linear, and nodular areas along the subarachnoid space, extending deep into the white matter. In one case the perivascular granulomatous infiltration, which caused small vessel periangiitis, gave rise to a CT pattern closely resembling that of arteriovenous malformation or infarction with gyral enhancement. This infiltrative pattern might be seen in other chronic meningeal processes. The pathophysiology responsible for the unusual CT appearance and the differential diagnosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Magnetic resonance imaging after 'diffuse' nonmissile head injury. A neurobehavioral study.

The diagnosis of diffuse brain injury is considered when computed tomography provides no evidence of an intracranial mass lesion in acute nonmissile head injury. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a young woman who had sustained severe diffuse brain injury five years earlier disclosed multifocal lesions involving the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. We report the results of serial neurobehavioral assessment for clinical correlation with the brain lesions visualized by MRI. Pending confirmation of our findings in a series of patients studied by MRI during the acute and chronic stages of recovery from head injury, we postulate that the presence and type of neurobehavioral sequelae of diffuse brain injury are related to the intrahemispheric loci of predominantly white matter lesions and degeneration.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Visual agnosia contrasted with visual-verbal disconnection.

Serial neuropsychological findings are contrasted in two cases: one with a syndrome of visual agnosia, the other with a disorder resulting from visual-verbal disconnection. Both patients were impaired in confrontation naming of objects and pictures, but the patient with visual-verbal disconnection was able to perform tasks of color-object matching and pantomime recognition, whereas the patient with visual agnosia could not do so, demonstrating a failure to establish meaningful nonverbal visual-visual association. Additionally, the performance of the patient with visual agnosia reflected an evolution from the apperceptive to associative forms of the disorder, suggesting that the various impairments of visual identification form a continuum of related disorders.

Agnosia↗
PubMed1985

Dynamic CT using an arterial bolus.

Arterial bolus dynamic computed tomography (ABDCT) was performed on 52 patients presenting with intracranial and intraspinal disorders. Rapid sequential ABDCT scans were obtained during selective intraarterial injection of a small bolus of contrast material following conventional angiography. By this method, the local intravascular iodine level was maximized, allowing for improved contrast resolution of central nervous system lesions. Thirty-eight patients had a known diagnosis. In 35 of these, ABDCT was helpful in delineating tumor margins at the base of the skull and demonstrating tumor or arteriovenous malformation vascularity. In 14 patients, the diagnosis was obscure using conventional computed tomography. In eight of these, ABDCT suggested a distinction between infarct, neoplasm, and inflammatory process. In the remaining six, ABDCT was noncontributory.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Arterial bolus contrast medium enhancement for computed tomographically guided stereotactic biopsy.

Stereotactic biopsy of deep-seated brain lesions by computed tomography guidance with intravenous contrast medium enhancement is now a well-recognized technique. However, arteriography continues to be the best method for studying the vasculature of such lesions. A method is described here in which a limited arteriography can be incorporated into the computed tomographic technique especially for the purpose of avoiding injury to vessels in stereotactic biopsy procedures. The technique requires that a single 4-mL bolus of contrast medium be injected intraarterially as the computed tomography scan for stereotactic localization is performed. The vessels are thereby seen in the same computed tomographic image as that used for stereotactic localization. The method has these additional advantages: it provides more pronounced contrast medium enhancement; it requires only 4 mL of contrast medium and can therefore be used in patients with renal failure; it can often distinguish crude arterial and venous phases; and lastly, it can be performed with routinely available equipment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Mutism after closed head injury.

Prospective study of patients admitted to a hospital for closed head injury showed that nine patients (nearly 3%) became mute for varying periods despite recovery of consciousness and communication through a nonspeech channel. Computed tomography (CT) showed subcortical lesions situated primarily in the putamen and internal capsule of four patients, whereas four of the five patients without subcortical lesions had left-hemisphere cortical injury. The patients without subcortical injury visualized by CT exhibited a longer duration of impaired consciousness consistent with severe diffuse brain injury and they showed more long-term linguistic deficits. We related our findings to recent studies of atypical aphasia after occlusive vascular lesions of the basal ganglia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Early versus late lateral ventricular enlargement following closed head injury.

Serial computed tomographic scans in 39 closed head injury patients were measured by planimetry. The ventricle-brain ratio was computed, and the lateral ventricles were considered to be enlarged or normal based on measurements from a control group. Delayed ventricular enlargement was common after head injury producing low Glasgow Coma Scale scores and prolonged coma, whereas subarachnoid/intraventricular haemorrhage was more common with early enlargement. The degree of ventriculomegaly was related to neuropsychological test performance only when enlargement was delayed. It is postulated that diffuse axonal injury and hypoxic-ischaemic insult contributed to late ventricular enlargement, whereas a compensated obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid may be the predominant cause in the early group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Normal in vivo eye dimensions by computed tomography.

In vivo measurements of the eye were obtained in 55 normal adults using computed tomography. Means and standard deviations were established for the maximum transverse and the maximum anteroposterior dimensions. Our data indicate that the widely used methods of Sweet and Pfeiffer-Comberg (for intraorbital foreign body localization) underestimate the actual in vivo dimensions of the eye.

Adult↗