[A study on the relationship of pulse pressure and blood pressure].
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Blood Pressure↗
Biomedical subjects
F C Chen
Publications and source records attributed to F C Chen.
Surgical treatment of acute deep venous thrombosis.
In patients with venous thrombotic disease and in whom anticoagulation or thrombolytic therapy is inappropriate, ineffective, or even contraindicated, insertion of vena caval filters or venous thrombectomy must be considered. The primary indication for the placement of vena caval filters is in patients who have developed a pulmonary embolus and in whom anticoagulation is either contraindicated or in whom anticoagulation must be discontinued because of the development of bleeding complications. At the present time, either the Greenfield filter placed through a jugular, femoral, or axillary venotomy or the bird's nest filter are appropriate and appear to be the most effective and least fraught with complications. The use of venous thrombectomy has waxed and waned over the last several decades. At the present time, the procedure is advocated mainly for lower limb venous thrombosis which is extensive enough to threaten limb viability. On occasion, it may be appropriate to extend the indications for venous thrombectomy to include femoral thrombosis of less than 10 days duration or iliac thrombosis of less than 3 weeks duration with floating thrombi at the level. Technical modifications which improve the patency of the obliterated veins which are predisposed to rethrombosis include the creation of a temporary arteriovenous fistula and meticulous care in removing the entire clot. The patient should be treated with anticoagulants postoperatively to prevent a recurrence of the problem. The main theoretical advantage of venous thrombectomy is a reduced incidence of postthrombotic syndrome. Objective data to support this contention do not exist.
Hemodynamics↗
Genomic divergence between human and chimpanzee estimated from large-scale alignments of genomic sequences.
To study the genomic divergence between human and chimpanzee, large-scale genomic sequence alignments were performed. The genomic sequences of human and chimpanzee were first masked with the RepeatMasker and the repeats were excluded before alignments. The repeats were then reinserted into the alignments of nonrepetitive segments and entire sequences were aligned again. A total of 2.3 million base pairs (Mb) of genomic sequences, including repeats, were aligned and the average nucleotide divergence was estimated to be 1.22%. The Jukes-Cantor (JC) distances (nucleotide divergences) in nonrepetitive (1.44 Mb) and repetitive sequences (0.86 Mb) are 1.14% and 1.34%, respectively, suggesting a slightly higher average rate in repetitive sequences. Annotated coding and noncoding regions of homologous chimpanzee genes were also retrieved from GenBank and compared. The average synonymous and nonsynonymous divergences in 88 coding genes are 1.48% and 0.55%, respectively. The JC distances in intron, 5' flanking, 3' flanking, promoter, and pseudogene regions are 1.47%, 1.41%, 1.68%, 0.75%, and 1.39%, respectively. It is not clear why the genetic distances in most of these regions are somewhat higher than those in genomic sequences. One possible explanation is that some of the genes may be located in regions with higher mutation rates.
Animals↗
Detection of pork in heat-processed meat products by monoclonal antibody-based ELISA.
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a monoclonal antibody to a porcine thermal-stable muscle protein was developed for detection of pork in cooked meat products. The assay specifically detects porcine skeletal muscle, but not cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, blood, and nonmuscle organs. No cross-reactivity was observed with common food proteins. Validity of the assay was evaluated with laboratory formulated and commercial meat samples. The detection limit was determined as 0.5% (w/w) pork in heterologous meat mixtures. Overall, intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 5.8 and 7.9%, respectively. The accuracy in analyzing market samples was 100% as verified by product labeling and confirmed by a commercial polycolonal antibody test kit.
Animals↗
Adenocarcinoma in the middle third of the stomach--an evaluation for the prognostic significance of clinicopathological features.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The prognosis of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma varies with the location of the tumor. Adenocarcinoma in the middle third of the stomach has been claimed to have a better outcome than those in other locations. However, there is still very limited information specifically regarding the prognostic factors which influence the survival time of patients with adenocarcinoma in the middle third of the stomach. This retrospective study was designed with the aim to evaluate and uncover the possible significant clinicopathological parameters for adenocarcinoma in the middle third of the stomach. METHODOLOGY: Between 1986 and 1992, 363 patients underwent gastric resection for primary gastric adenocarcinoma at this hospital. Fifty-two (14.3%) of these patients were included in this study and they all met the following criteria: 1) tumor primarily located in the middle third of the stomach without distant metastases or peritoneal seeding, 2) undergoing curative resection and 3) undergoing R2 nodal dissection, at least. The clinicopathological findings were obtained by detailed review of the medical records and the histologic slides. All surviving patients were also contacted and their current conditions were recorded. RESULTS: The overall 5-year survival rate (Kaplan-Meier method) was 42.5%. In univariate survival analysis by Kaplan-Meier method and long-rank test, serosal invasion (p < 0.01), lymph node metastasis (p < 0.01) and lymphatic involvement (p < 0.01) had an individual prognostic significance. When a multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards regression was performed, serosal invasion (P < 0.01) and lymphatic involvement (p < 0.05) appeared as the only two independent prognostic factors regarding long-term survival. When these 52 patients were categorized into patients with early gastric cancer (n = 10) and patients with advanced gastric cancer (n = 42), there was a significant difference (p < 0.01) between the survival rates (90.0% vs. 29.1%). When these tumors were further categorized into early gastric cancer (n = 10), early simulating advanced gastric cancer (n = 14) and Borrmann type advanced gastric cancer (n = 28), there were significant differences (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively) in 5-year overall survival rates between early gastric cancer (90.0%) and Borrmann type advanced gastric cancer (18.9%), also between early simulating advanced gastric cancer (52.5%) and Borrmann type advanced gastric cancer (18.9%). UICC stage also had significant influence (P < 0.01) on the survival rates. CONCLUSIONS: Serosal invasion and lymphatic involvement are the significant, independent prognostic factors in predicting the survival rate of patients with adenocarcinoma in the middle third of the stomach. Since more advanced stage tumors usually carry a poorer prognosis, early detection is of extreme importance for improving the survival rate.
Adenocarcinoma↗