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Biomedical subjects

F Burkhardt

Publications and source records attributed to F Burkhardt.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

[Concentrations of antibiotics (ampicilline, doxycycline) in the chronic-hyperplastic alterated mucosa of the maxillary sinuses (author's transl)].

Surgical treatment of chronic sinusitis is usually preceeded by the attempt of curing the disease by antibiotic and antiphlogistic therapy. Since no studies on the concentration of antibiotics in chronic-hyperplastic mucosa of the maxillary sinuses could be found in the literature, two groups of each 20 patients were subjected to treatment with ampicilline (Binotal) and doxycycline (Vibramycin) respectively and the concentrations of the antibiotics in the maxillary sinus tissue gained during operation were measured. It was shown that therapy with doxycycline produces higher tissue levels than with ampicilline. So it can be assumed that with doxycycline the treatment of chronic-hyperplastic sinusitis will be more frequently successful than with ampicilline. But, with regard to the tissue concentrations found in the study, also with doxycycline only part of infections (e. g. due to certain grampositive cocci, hemophilic bacteria, Pasteurellae) seems to be controllable. Since bacteria of different species could be isolated from the excided mucosa of about 50% of the patients and, on the other hand, the serum levels especially in case of doxycycline were constantly high, the prophylactic use of this drug before operation is recommended in order to avoid inflammatory complications.

Ampicillin↗

Experimental evidence for a significant impairment of host defense for gram-negative organisms by a specific cutaneous toxin produced by severe burn injuries.

Dry heat forms a specific burn toxin in mouse and human skin from a naturally occurring precursor by a polymerization process and not by producing breakdown products. Precursor and toxin are both macromolecular lipid-protein complexes with similar chemical composition and physical structure both occurring in mouse and human skin as well as in serum of burned patients. Specific toxicity resides only in the apoprotein of the polymeric toxic form which also has new specific artificially produced antigenic site or sites. This phenomenon makes it possible to jump the species from man to mouse, shown by the success of specific immunotherapy. Neutral apolar lipids of the coat are contributing in an unspecific but significant manner to the toxic effect. Bacteria are not involved in toxin production nor in toxin activity. The target systems of the toxin are the cell wall membranes of all parenchymal cells of paractically all organs. The toxin apparently causes severe damage of the membrane verified by an increased permeability for compounds which otherwise do not penetrate. This basic cell damage itself is able to kill the animal, depending on the ratio of intact to damaged cells. Sublethal doses of toxin, however, prepare the background upon which bacteremia in burn injuries leads to a lethal sepsis. Finally, the direct toxic action as well as the enhancement of the susceptibility for gram-negative organisms both leading to the lethal outcome can be counteracted by specific passive antitoxic immunotherapy.

Animals↗

[Treatment of pseudomonas infection following burn injuries with specific antitoxic Ig-therapy].

The mortality rate of mice after standardized Pseudomonas infection was increased by preinjection of a sublethal dose of burn toxin. This effect was eliminated by a specific antitoxic Ig. After a sublethal burn followed by infection, 60% of the animals died, while treatment with specific Ig reduced the mortality rate to 3.3%. This might be a new way to improve the treatment of severely burned patients.

Animals↗