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Biomedical subjects

F Bosquet

Publications and source records attributed to F Bosquet.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Pituitary abscess. Study of a case and review of the literature].

The authors report one case of pituitary abscess; the diagnosis of which was particularly difficult due to its association to a multiple sclerosis that began twelve years before. A review of thirty-one pituitary abscess reported in the literature from 1970 to 1985 is made. Opto-chiasmatic compression is observed in fifty-five per cent of the cases, pituitary insufficiency in fifty-five per cent, and meningitis in sixty per cent of the cases. Although the characteristic association of meningitis and pituitary tumor symptoms occur in thirty per cent of the cases, the diagnosis is made at surgery. Pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma were the most frequent preoperative misdiagnosis for pituitary abscess. The extended use of cerebral C.T. Scan will allow an easier recognition of this rare entity. The discussion includes life and visual prognosis. The etiology remains unexplained in nearly half of the cases.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

[Role of the polyol pathway in the occurrence of degenerative complications of diabetes].

The activity of the polyol pathway--a non insulin-dependent metabolic pathway of glucose--is increased in diabetic patients. Polyol accumulation is involved, by a myoinositol-dependent mechanism, in the pathogenesis of some degenerative complications of diabetes. Thus, sorbitol accumulation in the eye lens and in nerves seems to be an important factor in the development of cataract and in the slowing down of nerve conduction. Recent studies suggest that the polyol pathway may play a role in early structural abnormalities of retinal and renal microangiopathy. Synthetic aldose reductase inhibitors could be used for a physiopathogenic treatment of these complications, but the first trials in diabetic neuropathy proved disappointing. Further studies, prolonged and well controlled, are necessary to pronounce on the future of this new category of drugs.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1986

Decreased beta-adrenergic sensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects.

To study beta-adrenergic sensitivity in diabetes mellitus, we performed isoproterenol sensitivity tests in 34 insulin-dependent diabetic patients and 10 age-matched normal subjects. beta-adrenergic sensitivity [defined as the dose of isoproterenol required to increase the resting heart rate by 25 beat/min, (I25)] was significantly higher in the diabetic group (4.07 +/- 1.4 micrograms, mean +/- SD) than in the normal group (2.02 +/- 1.49 micrograms). A comparison of I25 of normal subjects and diabetic patients as a function of age showed that the latter were significantly less sensitive to beta-adrenergic stimulation at all ages (P less than 0.01). In diabetic patients, beta-adrenergic sensitivity also increased with the duration of diabetes (r = 0.64, P less than 0.0005), but the correlation was stronger when the age of the patients and the duration of the diabetes were both taken into consideration (r = 0.72, P less than 0.0005). We conclude that beta-adrenergic sensitivity is diminished in patients with type I diabetes mellitus of all ages.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Innocuousness of the limited reuse of injection materials by insulin-dependent diabetics].

A survey was conducted in 120 insulin-dependent diabetics to determine their routine daily procedure for insulin injection and the possible reuse of the material employed. Aseptic precautions were usually sufficient, half of the diabetic patients (51.6%) conforming with the overall rules for hygiene generally recommended. Spontaneous reuse of injection material was rare (10/120), and local incidents as a result of reuse infrequent: pain from the 3rd injection in 2 patients and an abdominal abscess in a third case due to total lack of asepsis rules. Insulin injections in 37 insulin-dependent diabetics admitted to hospital care were administered throughout their stay by means of plastic syringes and needles used 3 times consecutively. The mean number of needles-syringes used per diabetic was 7.3, representing a total of 813 injections. Infectious sequelae were not observed and minor local incidents (pain, pruritus) were rare and unrelated to the reuse of equipment. Limited reuse, under satisfactory conditions of asepsis, of material termed for "once only use" appears to be free from risk particularly with respect to infection. Generalization of this practice will provide substantial economy in the treatment of diabetes.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1986

[Exploration of left ventricular function in insulin-dependent diabetics (relation with retinopathy)].

Non invasive methods for the exploration of myocardial function permit the demonstration of preclinical diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this study, we have tried to define the relationship between the degree of diabetic retinopathy and the presence of myocardial dysfunction. We have recorded echocardiogram and phonomechanograms on thirty two insulin dependent diabetics (IDD) less than 50 years of age, without evidence of arteriosclerosis. All patients had a normal baseline electrocardiogram and a normal bicycle exercise test. These diabetics were assigned to three groups: I = no retinopathy (9 patients); II = minimum retinopathy (12 patients); III = marked retinopathy (11 patients). They were compared to ten non-diabetic control subjects of similar age (group 0). None of the parameters of systolic function was modified in the different groups of diabetics in comparison with the control group. We found, however, a very significant reduction of the maximum rate of enlargement of left ventricule and reduction of the maximum narrowing rate of the left ventricular posterior wall during the protodiastolic period in group III, v.s. group 0, I and II. Group III contained 3 patients with borderline hypertension and 5 patients with diabetic glomerulopathy. Our results indicate a diminution of myocardial compliance and relaxation in those IDD with marked retinopathy, but it raises the question of the role of borderline elevations of arterial pressure or hypertension during physical exercise, which are frequently found in diabetics with retinopathy in causing these abnormalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Blood glucose and insulin secretion after meals rich in simple and complex carbohydrates, in non-insulin-dependent diabetics].

In 10 well controlled non insulin-dependent diabetics, 25 g of complex sugars were replaced by the same amount of simple sugars in each of two isocaloric meals identical in their lipid, protein and carbohydrate contents. This had no detrimental effect on postprandial glycaemic and insulin responses. There were no statistically significant changes in areas under the curve and kinetics of glycaemic, insulin and peptide C responses after ingestion of limited amounts of simple sugars. It appears from these results that well controlled, non insulin-dependent diabetic patients without marked postprandial fluctuations in glycaemia (as confirmed by self-performed capillary blood tests) can be authorized to take 25 to 40 g of simple sugars (preferably fructose) during meals.

Adult↗