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Biomedical subjects

F Berthoux

Publications and source records attributed to F Berthoux.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Natural killer lymphocytes in kidney transplantation].

We conducted a dual study of phenotype and function of natural killer cells (NK) using flow cytometry, this study being applied to renal transplantation. The CD 16 and CD 56 clusters correlated well with NK cytotoxicity, especially for CD 3 lymphocytes, whereas CD 57 should no longer be considered a NK marker. NK activity was determined on K 562 or Daudi cells, either spontaneously or after in vitro activation with r-interleukin 2 (LAK). Cytotoxicity was analyzed after labeling of target cells by carboxyfluoro-diacetate and measured by flow cytometry. We found that in renal transplant recipients NK cells were deficient in numbers and functions and showed that LAK activity was also diminished. Azathioprine appeared to be the main immunosuppressant impairing NK cells. Viral infections increased the numbers and functions of NK cells, whereas during malignancies they remain as low as in uncomplicated recipients. NK cells deficiency might be involved in the high incidence of de novo malignancies in renal transplant recipients.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1992

Dysplastic lesions of renal artery branches: late results of ex vivo repair.

Between November 1980 and July 1989, 29 ex vivo reconstructions were performed in 12 women and five men (mean age: 42 years) for dysplastic lesions of renal artery branches. Fifteen patients had hypertension, associated with advanced renal failure in one case. The internal iliac artery was used routinely for reconstruction. The saphenous vein was used on one side where bilateral repairs were necessary. A total of 52 distal anastomoses were performed, an average of 2.6 per revascularized kidney. Mean follow-up was four years and 10 months. No patients were lost to follow-up. There were no early or late deaths. At least one follow-up arteriogram and technetium99 diethylene triamine pentacetic acid scintiscan was obtained for all patients. Forty-five (86%) of 52 anastomoses remained patent. Eleven of 15 hypertensive patients completely recovered while four were improved. Systolic arterial blood pressure decreased by an average of 42 mmHg (p less than 0.001), and results remained stable with time. For fibromuscular dysplasia occurring in young patients whose life expectancy is usually long, this type of surgery provides excellent long-term clinical and anatomical results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[IgA glomerulonephritis].

Primary IgA nephritis is the most frequent nephritis and represent half of the glomerular diseases. Its incidence is 2,7/10(5) inhabitants. The diagnosis is established on a renal biopsy, which shows typical IgA mesangial deposits: granular, predominant, and diffuse. A central pathogenic role is played by the IgA immune system, both from the mucosa and the bone marrow. The long term prognosis should no longer be considered as mild because, after 20 years of evolution, 1/3 of the patients are going into chronic renal failure, and 1/6 into end-stage renal disease. It is essential to delineate the risk factors predicting ultimate evolution towards chronic failure, to select patients who may benefit from aggressive treatment, such as high doses steroids. For all patients, it is essential to have a regular clinical and biological check up, and an adequate control of arterial hypertension, in order to avoid or delay progression.

Glomerulonephritis, IGA↗
PubMed1991

[Oncological complications after renal transplantation].

Oncological complications were studied in 420 renal transplantations performed in 389 patients. Seven patients with a history of neoplasia were transplanted, and 2 tumours were transmitted by the graft. However, the main problem was that of de novo tumours induced by immunosuppression: 26 patients developed such tumours which resulted in death for 7 of them. The risk of tumour seems to be relatively selective. Seven lymphoproliferative syndromes, 6 Kaposi's sarcomas and 4 spinocellular epitheliomas were observed and together accounted for 65.3 percent of de novo tumours. Excessive immunosuppression could be blamed in only one third of the patients. On the other hand, some geographical and/or ethnic factors seemed to facilitate tumour development, and infections with viruses of the herpes group were found in 76 percent of these subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Renal transplantation with a current T negative but historical T and/or B positive cross-match.

We report our experience of 36 renal transplanted patients against a current T negative allo-cross-match, but historical T and/or B positive allo-cross-matches, whatever the result of the current B cross-match. Additionally, we have determined the immunoglobulin class of the antibody directed against B and T lymphocytes. The graft survival rate did not differ between the 36 patients forming the study group, and the 229 patients transplanted within the same period with negative T and B, on current and historical sera, cross-matches. Within this study group there was no changes in graft survival rate for the following three subgroups, which were retrospectively defined: historical positive (14 patients) versus negative (22 patients) T cross-match, current positive (15 patients) versus negative (21 patients) B cross-match, and IgM (16 patients) versus IgG (20 patients) against B lymphocytes. In terms of transplant outcome, our policy was thus safe.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Hereditary angio-oedema and C3 nephritic factor--HL-A study.

In one family of twenty-four members hereditary angio-oedema was present in the family for six generations. The protein C1 esterase inactivator found in nine patients proved to be non-active in a functional test. Another anomaly found in the complementary system was labelled C3 nephritic factor without any renal, or other clinical symptoms. Study of HL-A haplotypes did not show any linkage with the loci A, B and C. Hereditary angio-oedema is a disease arising from a specific defect in the inactivator of the C1 esterase (C1 INA) which is a regulating component of the complement system (Donaldson & Evans, 1963). This system is of current interest because of its interaction with other mechanisms of inflammation. Moreover, some links have been discovered recently between HL-A and hereditary defects of complement. This paper reports new findings in a family with hereditary angio-oedema.

Angioedema↗
PubMed1978

[Late diagnosis of cystinosis in 2 brothers: histological and ultrastructural renal study].

Cystinosis was discovered by chance in two adolescent boys who had proteinuria with minor tubular abnormalities. Renal biopsies were examined by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. There were few histological changes but crystals were present in the epithelial cells of the glomerulus and occasionally in the tubules. A further unusual feature was the detection of IgA deposits in the mesangium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Renal hemodynamic response to l-dopa during acute renal failure in man.

Twelve patients with acute renal failure underwent L.dopa infusion into a renal artery and 133Xenon wash-out recordings before and during the infusion. Urine volume and sodium output were also compared during two 24 hours periods, before and after the procedure. Hemodynamic data were compared with data obtained from a matched group of patients receiving Furosemide (8 patients) in place of L.dopa. Only L.dopa infusion significantly increased outer cortical distribution (p less than 0.005 using paired t-test). No blood flow change could be demonstrated in any component nor did the drug improve urinary excretion or the general course of the disease. Control data shows that reduced cortical distribution is the most consistent feature of acute renal failure, so that L.dopa does partially improve intrarenal hemodynamics in this condition. The failure of the drug to restore kidney function may be explained by the following reasons: a) Inability of the agent to restore a normal wash-out pattern; b) Involvement of non-hemodynamic factors, as suggested by comparing similar wash-out improvements after L.dopa in acute glomerulonephritis and in reversible acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1975

[Renal venous thrombosis in the adult].

Eleven cases of renal vein thrombosis (RVT) are reported, 9 of which presented with nephrotic syndrome (NS) and 2 with acute renal failure (ARF). Hematuria, enlarged kidneys, assymetric peripheral edema and collateral vein dilatations were the classic symptoms. Phlebography was employed in 101 suspected cases and permitted definitive diagnosis in 11 percent. Phlebography was performed in 13 percent of the NS cases and 11 percent of the ARF cases, but in none of the other cases. Fifteen kidney biopsies (KB) were performed in 8 patients, 6 with NS and 2 with ARF. In the 6 cases of NS, 4 presented a pattern of membranous glomerulonephritis and 2 had mild thickening of the basement membrane. This was confirmed by electromicroscopy in 5. In the 2 with ARF capillary dilatations, polynuclear infiltrates and interstitial edema was found. Repetitive KB, performed in 3 cases, revealed the same histological pattern in 2, while in the other case granular membranous deposits were found on the second biopsy that were not apparent in the first. This last patient was free from clinical manifestations at the time of this last biopsy. Immunofluorescent studies (iF) were performed on 7 KB of 5 patients, 4 with NS and 1 with ARF. Three of the 4 with NS presented a pattern of membranous deposits. On i.F one patient was found to have IgG and C3 deposits, one IgG and fibrinogen and one no detectable IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, C3 or fibrinogen. The fourth with minimal histological changes was also negative for i.F, as was the case of ARF. Sequential treatment by heparin and antivitamin K was administered in 8 patients. Recovery occurred in 3 and stabilization in 4, while in 1 case this treatment was without effect.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Influence of dialysis and kidney transplantation on the survival of patients with end-stage chronic kidney failure. A multifactorial analysis].

In a series of 296 patients treated in our centre by dialysis and/or renal transplantation over the last 15 years, the actuarial survival rates at 5, 10 and 15 years were 79, 68 and 57 percent respectively. Comparing the influence on survival of each of these two treatments separately should avoid two methodological biases represented by the sequential risk due to the succession of treatments and by different pretherapeutic situations. We therefore analysed these patients' survivals by the unbiased Mantel-Byar method, using a comparison of multiple survival factors (Cox's technique). We showed that treatment was an independent factor of survival and that transplantation had a more beneficial effect than dialysis. However, these replacement techniques seem to have less influence on survival than the pretherapeutic situations.

Actuarial Analysis↗