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Biomedical subjects

F Bender

Publications and source records attributed to F Bender.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Roentgenologic diagnosis of coronary vessel calcinosis in patients over 65 years of age].

215 out-patients aged between 65 and 88 years (average age 70.3 years) were examined radiologically for coronary calcification. In 62.5% of the cases positive results were obtained with a prevalence of men over women. From the 134 patients with coronary calcification 81.5% had a pathological ECG and 32% of these showed evidence of transmural infarction. The combination of coronary calcification and chronic arterial hypertension was found in 68.5% of the patients. In our opinion radioscopy of the heart for the detection of coronary calcification is of particular diagnostic value, on account of its safety and simplicity, especially with elderly patients; all the more so since the otherwise usual diagnostic techniques such as ergometry and selective coronary angiography can, for reasons of age, only be performed in certain cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Sympathomimetic and cardiodepressant effects of acebutolol, oxprenolol, pindolol, and propranolol. A comparative study on changes in hemodynamics, contractility, heart rate, and AV-conduction time at therapeutic doses.

The present study was undertaken in order to obtain further informations on non-beta-antiadrenergic properties of the four beta-sympatholytic agents acebutolol, oxprenolol, pindolol, and propranolol. Standardized experiments were performed using a chronically reserpinized canine preparation for the assessment of dose-response curves of changes in hemodynamics, left ventricular contractility, heart rate, AV-conduction time, and myocardial oxygen consumption especially at therapeutic doses. Our results show that acebutolol and oxprenolol, at doses clinically recommended, exert moderate positive inotropic effects but do not influence heart rate significantly. Pindolol has a strong both positive chronotropic and inotropic efficacy, even at small therapeutic doses. Propranolol produces neither chronotropic nor inotropic effects. In contrast to the literature acebutolol exerts direct cardiodepression at doses clinically used, whereas oxprenolol, pindolol, at propranolol have no direct cardiodepressant properties at those doses. Thus the relationship between the dose requirements for chronotropic and inotropic sympathomimetic effects differs for each beta-sympatholytic agents, and in may prove impossible to get an order of intrinsic sympathomimetic potency of beta-blockers comparing dose-response curves of heart rate changes only. As shown in the case of acebutolol, direct cardiodepression of beta-sympatholytic agents may occur at therapeutic doses.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1981

Effects of cloxazolam and pindolol on the sympathetic and adrenal stress reaction during oral surgery in man.

In two studies including 73 patients the stress reducing effects of the tranquilizer Cloxazolam (Olcadil) and the beta-receptor-blocking drug pindolol (Visken) were investigated after the application of a single oral dose (3 mg Cloxazolam, 5 mg pindolol). The drugs were tested against placebo by the double blind method. After local anesthesia and during oral surgery an increase of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH)-activity, noradrenaline-, c-AMP-, ACTH and cortisol concentration was found in the placebo group. Cloxazolam antagonized all these effects, except the increase of the plasma levels of c-GMP under surgical stress. After pindolol noradrenaline concentration, DBH-activity, and c-AMP concentration were no longer increased during oral surgery. But the hypothalamic and adrenal stimulation were still present and resulted in an unchanged stress reaction of ACTH and cortisol concentration in plasma. In conclusion, the application of the beta-receptor-blocking drug pindolol prevents the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system by suppressing the stress induced increase of plasma system by suppressing the stress induced increase of plasma noradrenaline and by blockade of peripheral beta-receptor sites. Cloxazolam reduces hypothalamic and adrenal reaction as well as peripheral ones due to stress.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1981

[Antiarrhythmic therapy with flecainide in acute experimental myocardial infarction (author's transl)].

Clinical and experimental studies indicate that ventricular arrhythmias, especially ventricular fibrillation, are in almost all cases the mechanism for sudden death occurring during the first 24 hours after the onset of an ischaemic myocardial event. Therefore a higher survival rate seems to depend on advances in antiarrhythmic therapy. The present study investigates the efficacy of the new local anaesthetic compound Flecainide in reducing or preventing ventricular arrhythmias and primary ventricular fibrillation, using a standardized experimental canine preparation. Our findings demonstrate that ventricular arrhythmias due to severe transmural myocardial infarction are reduced by 80-90% following the application of Flecainide. In some cases a complete abolition of the arrhythmias can be observed. The striking reduction in ventricular ectopics includes decreases in ventricular salves and R-on-T phenomena, which may lead to sudden death by precipitating ventricular fibrillation. The beneficial antiarrhythmic and antifibrillatory actions of Flecainide affect only the arrhythmias resulting from transmural necrosis of the myocardium ("in-hospital arrhythmias", 2nd-phase arrhythmias"), whereas the incidence of early ventricular arrhythmias, especially ventricular fibrillation occurring in the very inception of myocardial ischaemia ("pre-hospital arrhythmias", "1st-phase arrhythmias") is not prevented. Changes in hemodynamics and contractility due to Flecainide are not severe, even in myocardial infarction. Thus, our results indicate that the application of Flecainide in acute myocardial infarction in man may be successful in reducing therapy-resistant ventricular dysrhythmias.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Bioequivalence of subcutaneous calcium and sodium heparins.

The bioequivalence of subcutaneous porcine calcium and sodium heparins was studied in 48 normal male subjects randomly assigned to 1 of 4 study groups. Each subject received a single subcutaneous injection of 15,000 U of calcium heparin or 1 of 3 sodium heparins. Serial coagulation studies (Lee-White clotting time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin calcium clotting time, and heparin level) were performed over 10 hr. There were no significant differences in anticoagulant effect between groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[beta-Thromboglobulin in plasma in patients with heart-valve diseases and with prosthetic heart valves (author's transl)].

In each 50 patients with rheumatic heart valve diseases and after implantation of prosthetic heart valves and in 20 patients with bioprostheses, beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) in plasma was determined. In all cases beta-TG was significantly elevated above the normal range. The levels of beta-TG lay in patients with bioprostheses lower than in the other groups. Bioprostheses are less damaging the thrombocytes than prosthetic heart valves.

Beta-Globulins↗
PubMed1980

Study of factors that may condition scintigraphic detection of venous thrombi and pulmonary emboli with indium-111-labeled platelets.

Incorporation of indium-111-labeled platelets (In-111-P) into venous thrombi and pulmonary emboli may permit rapid detection of these thromboemboli by gamma imaging. In a series of dogs in which femoral-vein thromboses and/or pulmonary embolism were induced experimentally by stasis and small amounts of thrombin, we addressed several questions pertinent to the sensitivity, specificity, and potential applicability of this approach. We found that when In-111-P were injected intravenously before thrombus induction or embolus release, femoral-thrombus images were consistently detectable within 15 min, whereas control femoral-vein images were unremarkable. Pulmonary emboli were also promptly imaged, and such In-111-P images agreed well with defects on Tc-99m MAA perfusion scans. When thrombi were aged in vivo for up to 10 hr after formation, they could still be imaged within 20-90 min after In-111-P injection. Administration of heparin, as an initial bolus followed by constant infusion, blocked platelet deposition on femoral-vein thrombi as assessed by both thrombus-to-blood ratios and failure to image. Injection of protamine at 6 hr, however, resulted in prompt thrombus imaging. These data indicate that this approach may well have applicability to the detection of thromboemboli in humans, since imaging remains possible in canine thrombi aged in vivo for 10 hr so long as heparin therapy has not been instituted. The dose of heparin required to inhibit imaging is not known. However, if these data prove comparable in humans, they suggest that imaging of thromboemboli could be achieved so promptly that only modest delay in the institution of heparin therapy would be required.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Effects of sulfinpyrazone on early ventricular fibrillation and 2d-phase arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction (author's transl)].

Clinical and experimental studies indicate that ventricular arrhythmias, mainly ventricular fibrillation, are responsible for sudden cardiac death. A recent double-blind multicenter trial ("Anturane Reinfarction Trial") showed that the incidence of sudden cardiac death was reduced in Sulfinpyrazone-treated patients after acute myocardial infarction compared with the placebo group, although the rate of reinfarctions was not diminished. We investigated the efficacy of Sulfinpyrazone on the reduction and prevention of ventricular arrhythmias and primary ventricular fibrillation, utilizing a standardized experimental canine preparation. At normal therapeutic and at high cumulative doses of the drug, a reduction in ventricular arrhythmias within the first 24 hours after coronary occlusion could not be observed. Sulfinpyrazone failed also to alter the ventricular vulnerability to fibrillation in the very early myocardial infarction period. Furthermore, haemodynamics, contractility and oxygen consumption of the heart were not changed. These experimental findings show that the reduction in sudden cardiac deaths in Sulfinpyrazone-treated patients cannot be attributed to antiarrhythmic effects of the drug. Further research is needed to delineate the mechanism of action of Sulfinpyrazone as reported by the Anturane Reinfarction Trial Research Group.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Investigations of iron and folate levels in serum after implantation of heart valve prostheses (author's transl)].

In 90 patients with prosthetic heart valves, the presence of iron and folate deficiencies was assessed in a double-blind study. Anemia was found in 18 cases. Average serum iron levels were below the normal range and could be incremented significantly through the administration of 193 mg Fe++ daily during a 4-week period. No evidence of folate deficiency was found.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1979

[Transvenous retrieval of central embolized fragments of venous catheters (author's transl)].

The industrial supply with complete venous catheter sets facilitated central venous techniques via various peripheral venous entries. The complication rate by pneumothorax, hemothorax, hemopericardium after perforation of a cardiac cavity and central embolism of catheter fragments are rather rare. Nevertheless the indication for central venous catheterization procedures should be calculated critically in every case because of the hazard of venous thrombosis and embolism or sepsis, which occurs more often. Perforation of a cardiac cavity by venous catheters leads to lethal sequelae in more than 60%. Central embolism of venous catheter fragments without perforation is followed by serious complications in most cases. Therefore the retrieval of the embolized fragment should be attempted by trasvenous technique or by thoracotomy. For the transvenous retrieval a special forceps or the transvenous Dotter retrieval set were very useful in our experience. Centrally embolized catheter fragments were drawn back in three patients after transcutaneous puncture via the femoral vein with two-plane X-ray control.

Adult↗