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Biomedical subjects

F Benazzi

Publications and source records attributed to F Benazzi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Late-life chronic depression: a 399-case study in private practice.

OBJECTIVE: Aims of the study were to find the prevalence of chronic depression in elderly patients compared with younger patients, and to compare chronic depression between elderly and younger patients, to find if there were clinical differences. A major feature of the study was the inclusion of a large number of bipolar II patients, usually not included in previous studies. METHODS: Three hundred and ninety-nine consecutive unipolar (N=200) and bipolar II (N=199) depression outpatients were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and depression rating scales in a private practice. RESULTS: Chronic depression was more common in elderly patients than in younger patients (53.6% vs 40.1%, p=0.0299). Late-life chronic depression patients had later age at onset, longer duration of illness, fewer bipolar II cases, more unipolar cases and more relapses than younger chronic depression patients. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that late-life depression is more likely to be chronic than depression in younger patients. The subtyping of chronic depression according to age seems supported by a different age at onset and some clinical differences.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Depression with DSM-IV atypical features: a marker for bipolar II disorder.

The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of atypical features in bipolar II depression versus unipolar depression. Five hundred and fifty seven unipolar and bipolar II depressed outpatients were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. DSM-IV atypical features were significantly more common in bipolar II patients than in unipolar patients (45.4% vs 25.4%, odds ratio 2.4). As the diagnosis of bipolar II disorder is often based on diagnosis of past hypomania, which may not be very reliable. depression with atypical features may point to bipolar II disorder diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Depressive mixed states: unipolar and bipolar II.

Depressive mixed states (DMS) (major depressive episodes with some hypomanic symptoms) are understudied, and not classified in DSM-IV. The study aim was to find prevalence of DMS among depressed outpatients, to study clinical differences between DMS and non-DMS, and relationships of DMS with unipolar and bipolar II. Ninety eight consecutive DSM-IV bipolar II and unipolar depressed outpatients were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. DMS was defined as an MDE with at least two concurrent hypomanic symptoms. DMS was present in 62.2% of patients [48.7% of unipolar, 71.9% of bipolar II, (p=0.022)]. DMS had significantly fewer unipolar, more bipolar II patients, lower age at onset, and more atypical features than non-DMS. Bipolar II DMS had significantly more recurrences, more atypical features, and lower age at onset (trend) than unipolar DMS. Bipolar II DMS had (trend) lower age at onset and more atypical features than bipolar II non-DMS. High DMS prevalence has important treatment implications, as antidepressants may worsen DMS, and some antidepressant-resistant depressions may be DMS responding to mood stabilizers. DMS may be distinct from non-DMS, but not from unipolar and bipolar II disorders, and this distinction may be due mainly to high bipolar II prevalence in DMS.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Exploring aspects of DSM-IV interpersonal sensitivity in bipolar II.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of interpersonal rejection sensitivity (IRS) (a personality trait in DSM-IV) in bipolar II and unipolar depression. METHODS: 557 consecutive unipolar and bipolar II outpatients, presenting for depression treatment, were interviewed with the DSM-IV Structured Clinical Interview and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. DSM-IV atypical features criteria (which include IRS) were followed. RESULTS: IRS was significantly more common in bipolar II than in unipolar patients (37.8% vs. 20.5%, odds ratio 2.3, P=0.0000). Sensitivity and specificity for bipolar II diagnosis were 37.8% and 79.4%. CONCLUSIONS: IRS personality trait seems to be more common in bipolar II than in unipolar depression. LIMITATIONS: reliability of bipolar II diagnosis, non-blind, cross-sectional assessment, single interviewer.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Early-onset versus late-onset atypical depression: unipolar and bipolar II.

BACKGROUND: To find differences between early- and late-onset atypical depression (AD). METHODS: 211 unipolar/bipolar II AD outpatients, interviewed with DSM-IV Structured Clinical Interview and depression rating scales. Logistic regression was used. RESULTS: Early-onset AD was significantly associated with age, female gender, duration of illness, recurrences, chronicity, MADRS, bipolar II and unipolar. Early-onset bipolar II AD was significantly associated with age, female gender, duration of illness, recurrences and chronicity. Early-onset unipolar AD was significantly associated with age. LIMITATIONS: Age at onset recall bias, single interviewer, non-blind, cross-sectional assessment, bipolar II diagnosis reliability. CONCLUSIONS: Bipolar II AD is more likely to be chronic if early onset.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Female vs. male outpatient depression: a 448-case study in private practice.

1. Aims of the study were to find the prevalence of female depression, and to study the differences between female and male depression, in private practice. Four hundred forty eight consecutive unipolar and bipolar II depressed outpatients were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and the Global Assessment of Functioning scale. 2. Prevalence of female depression was 67.8%. Female to male ratio was 2:1. Among the variables investigated (age at intake, age at onset, duration of illness, severity, chronicity, psychosis, recurrences, atypical features, comorbidity), atypical features and comorbidity were significantly associated with female depression. 3. Private practice outpatient female depression (chronic, psychotic, or recurrent) was not more severe than male depression.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Bipolar II depression with melancholic features.

Bipolar II depression with melancholic features has been understudied. The aims of the present study were to find the prevalence of melancholic features in bipolar II depression and in unipolar depression, and to compare melancholic with nonmelancholic bipolar II/ unipolar depression in private practice. One hundred and sixty two consecutive unipolar and bipolar II depressed outpatients were interviewed with the DSM-IV Structured Clinical Interview, the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. Melancholic features were present in 19.2% of bipolar II patients and in 22.6% of unipolar patients, a nonsignificant difference. Melancholic bipolar II patients versus nonmelancholic bipolar II patients had significantly more psychosis and higher severity. All the other variables (age, age at onset, gender, illness duration, recurrences, atypical features, chronicity, comorbidity) were not significantly different. Melancholic bipolar II patients versus melancholic unipolar patients were not significantly different. Nonmelancholic bipolar II patients versus nonmelancholic unipolar patients had significantly lower age, lower age at onset, more atypical features, and more comorbidity. The prevalence of melancholic features in bipolar II depression in private practice was higher than previously reported in academic centers.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Characteristics of bipolar II patients with interpersonal rejection sensitivity.

The study aim was to find the characteristics of bipolar II patients with the DSM-IV atypical feature 'interpersonal rejection sensitivity' (IRS), a personality trait. A total of 145 bipolar II outpatients were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and depression rating scales. Among the variables studied (age, age at onset, duration of illness, severity, gender, recurrences, psychosis, chronicity and comorbidity), age and age at onset were significantly lower, females more common, and psychotic features less common in bipolar II patients with IRS, suggesting that bipolar II disorder with IRS was not more severe.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Early- versus late-onset bipolar II disorder.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical features and the outcome between patients with early- and late-onset bipolar II disorder. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: Outpatient private practice. PATIENTS: One hundred and seventy-nine consecutive outpatients with bipolar II disorder presenting for treatment of a major depressive episode. OUTCOME MEASURES: Duration of illness, severity of depression, recurrences, psychosis, chronicity, atypical features and comorbidity. RESULTS: Patients with early-onset (before 20, 25 or 30 years of age) bipolar II disorder had a significantly longer duration of illness and more recurrences compared with patients with late-onset (after 20, 25 or 30 years of age) bipolar II disorder. All other variables were not significantly different between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Indicators of worse outcome (severity of depression, psychosis, chronicity, comorbidity) were not significantly different between patients with early- and late-onset bipolar II disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Late-life atypical major depressive episode: a 358-case study in outpatients.

The author compared the prevalence and symptoms of DSM-IV major depressive episode (MDE) with atypical features between older and younger MDE outpatients (N = 358). Atypical MDE was present in 55.0% of MDE patients under age 60 and in 28.1% age 60 and over (P = 0.0000). Bipolar II disorder was present in 56.4% of younger patients, and in 23.9% of late-life patients (P = 0.0000). Late-life atypical MDE patients had less interpersonal-rejection sensitivity. Prevalence of atypical MDE seems lower among late-life MDE outpatients than among younger MDE outpatients, which may be related to the decrease with aging in the prevalence of patients with bipolar II MDE, where there is a higher prevalence of atypical features.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence and clinical features of atypical depression in depressed outpatients: a 467-case study.

The prevalence of DSM-IV atypical depression and differences between atypical versus non-atypical depression were investigated in 467 unipolar and bipolar depressed outpatients in private practice. Consecutive outpatients presenting for treatment of a major depressive episode were assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment of Symptoms and History following DSM-IV criteria, the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. The prevalence of atypical depression was 38.1%. Of the variables investigated (unipolar and bipolar diagnoses, age at onset, gender, psychosis, comorbidity, chronicity, duration of illness, recurrences, and severity), age at onset was significantly lower, and female gender, comorbidity, and bipolar II disorder were significantly more common in atypical than nonatypical depression. Comparisons between bipolar II atypical depression and unipolar atypical depression did not show significant differences, apart from age at onset. Findings suggest that there are important clinical differences between atypical and non-atypical depression in private practice outpatients.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence of bipolar II disorder in atypical depression.

The diagnostic validity of atypical depression is based on its superior response to monoamine oxidase inhibitors compared to tricyclic antidepressants, and on latent class analysis. The studies on atypical depression have often not included bipolar patients. The aim of the present study was to find the prevalence of bipolar II disorder among DSM-IV atypical depression outpatients. Bipolar II and unipolar atypical depressions were also compared to find if they were variants of the same disorder or if instead they were different disorders. One hundred and forty consecutive unipolar and bipolar II outpatients, presenting for treatment of an atypical major depressive episode, were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. The prevalence of bipolar II disorder was 64.2%. The age at baseline and onset were significantly lower in bipolar II versus unipolar patients. All the other variables (MADRS items, duration of illness, severity, gender, psychosis, comorbidity, chronicity, recurrences) were not significantly different. The prevalence of bipolar II disorder among atypical depressed outpatients was higher than previously reported.

Adult↗