Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Becker

Publications and source records attributed to F Becker.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Coagulation abnormalities in lacunar and cortical ischemic stroke are quite different.

In order to clarify the coagulation profile accompanying ischemic stroke, which may have implications on therapeutic strategies, we performed a prospective study to evaluate the hemostatic parameters in the first 24 h after the onset of cortical atherothrombotic infarct and lacunar infarction. Twenty-seven patients with cortical atherothrombotic infarction and 27 patients with lacunar infarction, diagnosed on clinical and CT-scan criteria, had blood samples taken within the first 24 h after onset of the stroke, and before anticoagulant treatment had been started. Levels of fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, D-dimers, prothrombin factors 1 + 2, anti-thrombin III, and C-protein and S-proteins, were measured. Laboratory tests detected the following abnormalities: a protein C deficiency was observed in 1 case of cortical infarction and in 1 case of lacunar infarction; a decrease in S-protein was observed in 1 case of cortical infarction, and the presence of lupus anticoagulant in 4 cases (2 in cortical and 2 in lacunar infarction). Various degrees of coagulation activation were observed. Statistically significant activation of the coagulation was observed in the patients with cortical infarction, compared to normal patients adjusted for age: the levels of DDI were significantly raised (2298 +/- 2221 ng ml-1 vs. 750 +/- 400 ng ml-1) (p < 0.03) as were F1 + 2 levels (3.9 +/- 2.8 nmol l-1 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.9 nmol l-1). (p < 0.01). In the lacunar infarction group, there was a significant rise in F1 + 2 compared with normal patients adjusted for age (2.2 +/- 1.7 nmol l-1 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.9 nmol l-1) (p < 0.01), while the DDI level was in the normal range, when age was taken into account. In the cortical infarction group, we observed a significantly raised fibrinogen level (4.8 +/- 1.7 g l-1 vs. 3.7 +/- 1.0 g l-1) (p < 0.05) and von Willebrand factor level (271 +/- 104% vs. 178 +/- 103%) (p < 0.01) compared to the lacunar infarction group. In addition, we observed a significantly low level of S-protein in the cortical infarction group (105 +/- 29%) compared to the lacunar infarction group (127 +/- 28%) (p < 0.01). Confirmation of the role of enhanced thrombin activity in the pathogenesis of acute stroke may be an important determinant in its therapeutic management.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Incidence of transient ischemic attacks in Dijon, France. A 5-year community-based study.

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of first-ever TIA and the distribution of risk factors in those patients with TIA in Dijon. We performed a prospective population-based study in Dijon City with 135,000 inhabitants, from 1990 to 1994, using several case-collection sources. Over a 5-year period, we recorded 258 cases of first-ever TIA, giving a crude annual incidence rate of 38.68/100,000 for men and 32.70/100,000 for women. The mean age of first-ever TIA was higher in women (71.75 years) than in men (70.35 years). A CT scan was performed in 97% of the cases and silent lacunes were discovered in 17% of cases. In our 5-year study in Dijon of first-ever TIA, we found incidence rates similar to those of previous population-based studies. Our results also support the hypothesis that risk factors for TIA are similar to those for stroke.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Comparison of different methods for the recovery of horse oocytes.

The object of this study was to compare 4 different methods of oocyte recovery from mares; 1) transvaginal follicle aspiration in vivo; 2) follicle aspiration in vitro; 3) oocyte recovery by isolation of follicles in vitro and 4) follicle scraping in vitro. Oocyte recovery was highest after follicle scraping (71.1%) and follicle isolation and rupture (61.3%). Follicle aspiration in vitro and in vivo yielded oocytes on 31.2% and 19.3% of occasions, respectively. The output of different types of cumulus-oocyte-complexes was different among the methods; the portion of compact cumulus-oocyte-complexes was significantly higher with follicle scraping (50.7%) and follicle isolation (44.5%) than with aspiration in vivo (31.9%) and in vitro (23.7%). The recovery rate of oocytes from small follicles (<15 mm) was significantly higher than from larger follicles (P<0.05) using transvaginal follicle aspiration. The proportion of oocytes that were degenerate (exhibited shrunken, dense or visibly damaged ooplasm) ranged from 1.2% after follicle scraping, to 17.2% after aspiration in vivo. These results indicate that, for the recovery of horse oocytes in vitro, follicle scraping and follicle isolation give the highest recoveries of cumulus-intact oocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

A hospital-based and a population-based stroke registry yield different results: the experience in Dijon, France.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the different results obtained from a population-based and a hospital-based stroke study in the same city. METHODS: Between January 1 and December 31, 1993, we collected information on all of the first strokes in the population of the city of Dijon, in conjunction with the Dijon Stroke Registry, collecting the first-ever strokes from patients living in Dijon as well as on all the first strokes in residents and nonresidents of Dijon who were treated at Dijon University Hospital. Demographic details, medical history, vascular risk factors, stroke subtype, as diagnosed by CT scan, and mortality rates were compared between the strokes observed in the population of the city of Dijon among residents as well as nonresidents in Dijon who were treated at Dijon University Hospital. RESULTS: We collected information on 210 strokes observed in the population of Dijon city, 171 Dijon residents and 395 non-Dijon city residents hospitalized at the University Hospital of Dijon. These three groups were quite different. The residents of Dijon treated for stroke at the University Hospital were younger and their incidence of cerebral hemorrhage, cardiac arrhythmia, ischemic heart disease and case fatality rate were higher than those from the Dijon Stroke Registry. CONCLUSIONS: Type of stroke data bank is very important in order to describe cerebrovascular disease. Hospital-based studies tend to include more severe strokes, those occurring in a younger population, and those having a higher mortality. Population-based studies, on the other hand, give a somewhat different picture of stroke.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1997

[Arteriography of the hand. Technical aspects].

Arteriography of the hand has specific indications. Digital subtraction angiography, use of pneumatic garrot to inject Buflomedyl and to create a post ischemic hyperhemia, can give an excellent arterial and venous opacification of the hand without general anesthesia. The different stages of the arteriography are examined and argued.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed1996

[Superficial venous thrombosis of the lower limbs].

With regard to deep vein thrombosis, superficial thrombophlebitis of lower limbs have a reputation of mildness disease that the experience gained from widely used duplex scanning in their evaluation comes to question. Short superficial thrombophlebitis on non-varicose veins often remain a symptom belonging to or revealing a systemic disease. Superficial thrombophlebitis on varicose veins are of two kinds: short superficial thrombophlebitis remain a common complication of varicose phlebectasia but they must be differenciated from extensive saphenous thrombophlebitis. The first ones are of local symptomatic treatment and of varicose vein surgery. The last ones are associated--with deep vein thrombosis in 10 to 30% of case (either by extension from the saphenous to the deep veins, either without anatomical link), with clinical pulmonary embolism in 5% of cases, and with a cancer in about 10% of cases. Numerous superificial venous thrombosis occur without inflammatory signs and the clinical diagnosis of extensive superficial venous thrombosis is as difficult as the one of deep vein thrombosis. So the diagnosis, the treatment, the etiological investigation of extensive superficial venous thrombosis are in fact not very different from those of deep vein thrombosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

[Advances in surgery for carotid stenosis. 900 operations (1983-1994)].

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate morbidity and mortality in carotid endarterectomy in a personal series. METHODS: Nine hundred endartectomies were performed from 1983 to 1994. All patients had > 70% carotid narrowing. Five hundred five patients underwent without preoperative angiography. RESULTS: Outcome was analyzed for 3 periods showing decreasing mortality from 4.56% in 1983-86 to 0.67% in 1990-1994. CONCLUSION: The reduction in morbidity and mortality resulted from the combined effects of pre-, per-, and post-operative care including noninvasive preoperative diagnosis of internal carotid artery stenosis using ultrasound duplex and surgery without previous angiography, delayed surgery in case of recent prolonged hemispheric deficit or of ischemic defect detected on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebral evaluation with CT-scan or MRI the day before operation, surgery under locoregional anesthesia, monitoring of arm arterial blood pressure during the first 24 hours following surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Transfusion-related acute lung injury due to HLA-A2-specific antibodies in recipient and NB1-specific antibodies in donor blood.

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a hazardous but little-known complication of blood transfusion, characterized by non-cardiogenic lung oedema after blood transfusion. Leucoagglutinating antibodies in the donor plasma are considered to play a central role in the pathogenesis of TRALI but no recommended procedure currently exists for their detection, and most of them have not yet been well characterized. Serum samples of two patients who have developed TRALI within 30 min of blood transfusion and the sera of the involved blood donors were investigated for leucocyte antibodies by granulocyte immunofluorescence, granulocyte agglutination and lymphocytotoxicity assays using typed test cells. Suspected specificities of the detected antibodies were confirmed by a luminoimmunoblot assay and the antigen capture assay MAIGA. One case was associated with granulocyte agglutinating anti-HLA-A2 antibodies in the recipient's (i.e. patient's) own blood and the other with donor-related non-agglutinating antibodies directed against the granulocyte-specific antigen NB1. Leucocyte incompatibility between donor and recipient was shown in both cases by crossmatching and typing of the incompatible cells for the appropriate antigen. The results show that TRALI is associated not only with donor- but also with recipient-related leucocyte antibodies. In addition to leucoagglutinating antibodies, non-agglutinating granulocyte-specific antibodies can be also involved. For immunodiagnosis, sera from both must be investigated by a combination of granulocyte and lymphocyte (HLA) antibody screening tests and leucocyte incompatibility verified by crossmatching.

GPI-Linked Proteins↗
PubMed1996

[Leg embolisms: treatment via percutaneous thrombo-aspiration].

PURPOSE: Benefits of the local thrombolytic therapy in the treatment of acute peripheral arterial ischemia have been proved (13), but the place of thrombo-aspiration in this percutaneous treatment is not well defined. This study evaluates the results of thromboaspiration with or without local thrombolysis for the treatment of arterial embolism associated with a lower limb arteriopathy. METHODS: From May 1991 to May 1992, ten arterial embolisms (below the common femoral artery) associated with a lower limb arteriopathy have been treated by thromboaspiration with or without local thrombolysis. RESULTS: Nine immediate successes have been obtained. One failure has been operated on with success. On the third day, an occlusion of the popliteal artery occured and a femoroperoneal bypass was performed. But the occlusion of the bypass obligated to an amputation above the knee. This patient died one month later (hospital mortality 10%). During the follow-up (2 months), other procedures were patent. CONCLUSIONS: Thromboaspiration with or without thrombolysis is efficient for the treatment of arterial embolism associated with a lower limb arteriopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Risk factors for primary cerebral hemorrhage: a population-based study--the Stroke Registry of Dijon.

Risk factors for primary cerebral hemorrhage remain uncertain. The population-based Stroke Registry of Dijon provides data on the risk factors. Among residents of Dijon (France), 130 cases of primary cerebral hemorrhage hospitalized from 1985 to 1992 were matched with 130 controls by age and sex. The following data were collected: history of hypertension, alcohol consumption, tobacco consumption, history of coagulation disorder, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and infectious disease in the 7 days before admission. The following parameters were measured on admission: blood pressure, blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, hematocrit, fibrinogen, prothrombin levels, platelet counts, prothrombin time, bilirubin, transaminases, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Electrocardiogram and Doppler ultrasound examination of cervical arteries were performed. Statistical analysis was performed by means of relative risk ratio for paired samples when dealing with proportions, and Student's t test for quantitative variables. A stepwise discriminant analysis was carried out to establish the relative weight of the different risk factors and their discriminant values. Among the qualitative data, the significant factors were history of hypertension, alcohol consumption, cardiac arrhythmia, atherosclerosis of carotid arteries and a previous infectious disease in the 7 days before admission. Among the quantitative data, the significant factors were early hypertension, high blood glucose levels, high hematocrit, and low cholesterol levels, in the acute stage of the stroke. After multifactorial analysis, only two factors were significant: hypertension and low cholesterol levels. Our population-based case-control study showed that hypertension and low cholesterol levels are the two discriminant risk factors for both lobar and basal ganglia primary cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, treatment of hypercholesterolemia may increase risk of cerebral hemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical and capillaroscopic study of Raynaud's phenomenon in retired patients previously exposed to vinyl chloride monomer].

UNLABELLED: The course of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) after the end of exposure to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) is not really well known. Fourty four subjects were studied, from 128 retired patients who were exposed to VCM (end of the exposure since 8 years at least): 17 complained of "white finger crisis", and 27 voluntary retired subject without complaints (table II). The aims of this study were to specify capillaroscopic and clinical characteristics of these complaints to define and to assess the role of VCM. Each patient underwent an interview, a clinical examination and a nailfold capillary microscopy examination. RESULTS: 1) The 17 pensioners with complaints suffered from RP. But for 12 of them the onset of RP was in the exposed period (table I). From the clinical interview, the clinical and capillaroscopic examinations in these 12 RP may be attributed to the past exposure to VCM. 2) The majority of 44 subjects showed no capillary abnormalities. For 3 subjects changes consisted in isolated capillary dystrophia (1 with PR, 2 without PR) and for 2 subjects changes consisted in isolated neocapillaries (1 with PR, 1 without PR). The other microvascular changes were not specific (table III). In conclusion, RP secondary to VCM can still persist after the end of exposure in patients who suffered from RP during the exposure, 9% of the population (12/128). In view of discordance of clinical symptoms and capillaroscopic abnormalities, capillary lesions did not appear as the main physiopathologic factor in the persistence of the PR secondary to CVM.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1994

[Mechanisms, epidemiology and clinical evaluation of venous insufficiency of the lower limbs].

Chronic venous insufficiency of the lower limbs is a frequent disorder that has costly repercussions for society as a whole. It is important to distinguish between abnormality of venous function and its most frequent causes, which are sequelae of deep venous thrombosis and varices of the lower limbs. Chronic venous insufficiency manifests by functional symptoms, based on the heavy leg syndrome, which is very frequent but not specific, and on objective distal signs that are highly specific. Both prognosis and cost of the disorder are based on such objective signs, cutaneous and subcutaneous complications of stasis and of venous hypertension, ranging from simple ochre dermatitis to recurring ulcers and ankylosis of the ankle. Dermo- and hypodermatitis and ulcers complicate less than 10% of chronic venous insufficiency but are responsible for most of the cost involved, two-thirds of which is linked to invalidity. Clinical grades of chronic venous insufficiency have been established, which should facilitate standardisation and comparison of epidemiological, pathophysiological and therapeutic data. Diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency is by clinical examination, while etiological investigation should most often be done by technical investigation.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Study of venous insufficiency].

Investigation of chronic venous insufficiency of the lower limbs can now be done by numerous techniques, which should nevertheless not replace clinical examination and a pragmatic approach. Ultrasound techniques have definitively surpassed phlebography. Doppler examination, due to its excellent cost-effectiveness ratio, is a basic technique for initial investigation. Pulsed echo-doppler, with or without colour coding, is the method of reference in the study of superficial and deep reflux. Phlebography is still indicated before surgery in complex reflux of the popliteal fossa and in rare cases of post-thrombotic syndromes; it remains the most reliable method when deep valvular dysgenesis is suspected. Quantified methods of investigating venous function (ambulatory venous pressure, dynamic volumetry of the foot, air plethysmography, treadmill plethysmography) are useful to analyse complex cases and severe venous insufficiency. Photoplethysmography is a useful complement to doppler examination in assessing reflux in clinical practice.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1994

Slow metabolic deterioration towards diabetes in islet cell antibody positive patients with autoimmune polyendocrine disease.

We studied metabolic progression to IDDM in a cohort of adults who are ICA-positive and have associated autoimmune endocrine disease or circulating organ-specific autoantibodies (the Polyendocrine Study). Of the 186 individuals recruited 27 developed overt diabetes after a median follow-up of 4.5 years (range 0.4-12). Of these, eight patients did not require insulin treatment until at least 6 months after clinical diagnosis, with an interval of 1.8 years (1.2-5.7). An IVGTT was performed in 38 subjects and 23 had sequential studies. Of the initial 38 subjects six developed diabetes and only three showed a loss of FPIR to glucose (below the first percentile of a normal control group) before clinical onset of the disease. An additional three subjects showed a loss of the FPIR, and all still have normal glucose tolerance after median follow-up of 28 months (22-95). A "whole" or "mixed" pattern of islet cell staining was found in five of the six patients who developed diabetes and antibodies against an islet 37 k-antigen were detectable in four patients, all of whom required insulin soon after diagnosis. A beta-cell "selective" ICA staining pattern was seen in 14 of 17 subjects who did not develop diabetes and the "mixed" pattern in only three. None of this group had detectable 37 k-antibodies. We conclude that metabolic deterioration is slow in polyendocrine patients, and that the IVGTT has less prognostic significance in this group than in first degree relatives of patients with IDDM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗