Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Bayle

Publications and source records attributed to F Bayle.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Papillary plasma flow in rats. I. Relation to urine osmolality in normal and Brattleboro rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus.

Papillary plasma flow (PPF) was measured by the albumin accumulation technique in rats of the Brattleboro strain with or without diabetes insipidus (DI and HZ respectively) and in Wistar rats. Measurements were also performed in DI rats receiving antidiuretic hormone for 30 min or 5 days and in dehydrated Wistar rats. PPf in HZ control and Wistar control rats was similar to previously published measurements. In contrast PPF was significantly higher in DI rats (461 +/- 26 microliters/min . g versus 263 +/- 28 in HZ) and decreased significantly after acute ADH administration. It returned to control values after prolonged ADH administration (262 +/- 40). Plasma flow entering the papilla was inversely correlated with urine osmolality up to 1000 mosmol/kg H2O. Further increases in urine concentration (dehydration of Wistar rats) did not modify further PPF (255 +/- 28 versus 270 +/- 16 in non dehydrated Wistar). PPF might be influenced indirectly by ADH or prostaglandins and seems to depend on the osmotic environment of the papilla up to a certain limit. The factors which maintain PPF at a given minimum level with further increases in urine concentration are not known.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Reproductibility of catecholamine and plasma renin activity values during exercise testing in normal subjects].

The authors studied the reproductibility of the measures of the haemodynamic (HR-SAP-DAP) and hormonal (PRA-plasma catecholamine) parameters at rest and during stress. 11 normotensive male subjects, age 20-26 years, have release 2 stress tests on ergometric bicycle spaced from 8 to 180 days (mean 54.2 days). The measure of haemodynamic parameters is reproducible during stress. The PRA measures is reproducible at stress instead of individual variations of natriuresis between 3-10 g. The measure of plasma norepinephrine levels is reproducible for strict rest and during stress. This express an identical participation of the sympathetic system for the same physical work load. This results express the interest of stress tests for the definition of a normal blood pressure and hormonal profile.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Open trial of carbamazepine in the prevention of recurrence of bipolar disorder in adolescents].

While the existence of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents is now recognized, the prevalence of the disorder is still unknown, although it is clear that its' incidence increases markedly at puberty. The risks inherent in the course of the disorder, including recurrence and suicidal gestures, highlight the importance of its early recognition; however, diagnosis and identification of predictive factors in childhood bipolar disorder is problematic. Given the development of new mood-regulating psychopharmacological treatments for adults, early diagnosis in children is even more important. For children and adolescents, previous studies have shown the efficacy of lithium in the prevention of recurrence of bipolar disorder, but only over short periods of time. There are very few published studies on the use of carbamazepine in bipolar disorder; those that exist are most often single case studies. The authors present the results of an uncontrolled study of 11 patients, aged 10 to 17 years, diagnosed with bipolar according to DSM III-R criteria. These patients were treated with carbamazepine for a period of over 1 year. Two cases, especially noteworthy for their improvement, are presented in greater detail. A positive response was considered to have been obtained if a period greater than 1 year of normal affect was obtained. According to this criterion, seven patients were positive responders, two were moderate responders and two did not respond to treatment. Tolerance to the medication was good; in no cases it was necessary to interrupt treatment. Principle adverse side effects were biological, involving an increase in a single liver enzyme. Comparison among positive, moderate and non responders did not reveal any criteria predictive of therapeutic effectiveness. Despite methodological difficulties, these data point the importance of developing controlled studies with carbamazepine in the prevention of recurrence of bipolar disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Definitions and recommendations for studying the delay of antidepressant action. Part 3: methodological aspects].

AIMS: To provide a journal publishing all literature relevant to the time of response to antidepressants, in order to find out any existing consensus which might bring in fine recommendations for a thorough study of the concept. Three sections corresponding to 3 articles surveyed by the Encephale deal with the pharmacological, clinical, and metho-dological aspects. METHOD: A group of experts (see conclusion) was trained on the initiative of the authors, following a think-talk at a meeting of scientific learned societies (FUAG and AFPB in particular). Dr Sophie Banzet, from the Boehringher-Ingelheim Laboratories, attended the meeting as a partner supporting this project. The article tries to give the most faithfull coverage of the main topics discussed by the group of experts, allowing each author to highlight his own contribution after the rereading of his text by the two other authors of the group. Are also included in the analysis the major studies published in the literature at the date when the present article was submitted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There are no unequivocal criteria to assess or identify the time of response to antidepressants on a pharmacological level. In fact, the criteria depend on the symptomatic impact of the antidepressant while depression cannot be defined as a single-symptom pathology. The criteria retained for assessment depend on the chosen definition which is: either quantitative (patients profiles global method), or qualitative (sympto-matic approach). One should discriminate between the assessment of the time of response and the stage proving the efficacy of the antidepressant. The threshold proposed for efficacy is based on the values of the thresholds used in clinical tests and in literature, as well as those commonly accepted by the various drug agencies. Choosing the variable for the response to antidepressants must take into account the popu-lation of patients responding to treatment. A consensus on the choice of comparators can be observed in studies on the time of response to antidepressants: using a placebo is necessary. The active reference product depends on the population concerned. The statistical methods which have been used, in particular the survival analysis methods are very useful indeed but they entails loss of information and must be completed by tests which, though simpler, allow simpler conclusions (such as c(2)). Lastly, the experimental level, which aims to assess the time of response, remains by far the most difficult part. It is still unsolved and the study aiming to prove efficacy. We have not included the considerations on this particular point as this would require an article in its own right. The cognitive symptoms belonging to the DSM IV diagnosis criteria in major depressive periods can help to build new tools.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Renal transplantectomy: surgical technics and results. Apropos of 60 patients].

Nephrectomy of a non-functioning renal transplant after renal transplantation is a delicate operation which the authors evaluate on the basis of a retrospective analysis of 62 patients. A review of the literature helps to more clearly define the indications, optimal time of the operation and the operative technique. A subcapsular approach, by simplifying the operation, constitutes an important factor in reducing the operative morbidity in the late forms. "Early" transplantectomies are often more serious because of the recently operated patient's fragile status and immunosuppression, responsible for frequent infectious complications. Transplantectomy should therefore not be delayed once the permanent loss of transplant function has been confirmed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cytolytic hepatitis during treatment with phenothiazines: apropos of a case].

In contrast to the well known chlorpromazine-induced cholestatic hepatitis, we report the case of a schizophrenic patient who presents a cytolytic hepatitis, without any prior hepatic disease. Mr G. was first hospitalized for depressive symptomatology. A pseudo-nevrotic schizophrenia was diagnosed. Pretherapeutic clinical and biological data were normal. A treatment with chlorpromazine 400 mg/day was given. At day 8, the patient was still anxious and began to be agitated. An increase to 500 mg/day of chlorpromazine posology and an addition of haloperidol 200 mg/day was implemented. At day 10, the following clinical symptoms appeared: 38.6 degrees C fever; headache; myalgia; epigastralgia and hypocondrium pain. Biological hepatitis disturbances (ALAT, 984 U/L; ASAT, 414 U/L) and hypereosinophilia with normal white cell count were found. Clinical and biological investigations were normal. Blood-culture, A, B, C hepatitis, HIV and CMV serologies were negative. Neuroleptic treatment was discontinued. Evolution to normality of the disturbances and biological data suggested a cytolytic hepatitis. Mr G... remained treated with flupentixol without side-effects. Phenothiazine-induced cholestatis is frequent, mild, and recovers spontaneously. The biological mechanism is supposed to be immunologic. Prevalence of biological hepatic disturbances is 10 to 20% with chlorpromazine in long-term treatment. More often, symptomatology is the same; jaundice, pruritus, abdominal pain, fever. Although pharmacological data suggest for a cytotoxic activity of phenothiazines, cytolytic hepatitis is poorly described. Maximum range of transaminase blood level reported in previous studies is about 400 U/l. This level is not clearly correlated with hepatic cell lysis. Few cases of hepatic necrosis have been reported. In all cases, preexistent hepatic injuries were observed. Chlorpromazine-induced cytolytic hepatitis is uncommon and cholestatic hepatitis mild. Biological hepatic parameters investigations remain necessary during neuroleptic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Risperidone-induced tardive dystonia: a case of torticollis].

Tardive dystonia is one of the most serious adverse events of typical neuroleptic treatments. They differ from tardive dyskinesia by their clinical and evolutive features. The occurrence of tardive dystonia due to new antipsychotics remained unknown. For the first time in the literature, we report a case of typical tardive dystonia occurring in a young male schizophrenic patient treated for 8 months with risperidone. No remission was observed despite several therapeutics including botulinic toxin.

Adult↗