Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Afshar

Publications and source records attributed to F Afshar.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Computerised axial tomography and magnetic resonance scanning in the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

A 50-year-old Asian male presented with a left sixth nerve palsy, left temporal pain, and rapidly deteriorating visual acuity in the left eye. A high resolution CT scan and magnetic resonance scan showed a left retro-orbital enhancing lesion extending from the lateral margin of the cavernous sinus on to the greater wing of the sphenoid and into the left orbit. Arteriography was normal. On high dose steroid therapy there was total resolution of the lesion. The value of imaging techniques in this condition is discussed.

Dexamethasone↗
PubMed1988

Transsphenoidal chiasmopexy for long standing visual failure in the secondary empty sella syndrome.

The development of an empty sella syndrome is a well recognized complication in the treatment of pituitary tumours and usually presents with visual failure. Transsphenoidal chiasmopexy has been successful in reversing the visual loss when performed in the acute stage. A case, where a delay of 18 months in the surgery does not appear to have affected the outcome, is presented and the literature reviewed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Comparative study of brain abscess by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging: report of two cases.

Two cases of cerebral abscess with different presentations are reported. The source of the abscess remained obscure in one case while in the other arose from infection of the right frontal sinus. While in one case a magnetic resonance image was obtained preoperatively, both cases underwent parallel monitoring in the postsurgery period by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The relative merits of these two imaging techniques in the diagnosis and monitoring of such lesions are discussed, and the literature is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The microsurgical treatment of lumbar disc protrusion. Follow-up of 60 cases.

The technique and results of microsurgical techniques for lumbar disc protrusions in 60 patients are presented. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 2.5 years, and 91% had good or excellent results. The only patient with a recurrent disc sequestration had a good result after a second operation.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1987

Spinal cord astrocytoma with intracranial spread: detection by magnetic resonance imaging.

An astrocytoma of the thoracic spinal cord in a 9-year-old boy was treated by partial tumour removal and postoperative radiotherapy. The development of intracranial spread causing cranial nerve signs and diabetes insipidus was detectable only by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The spread of these tumours and difficulties in diagnosis are discussed together with a review of the current literature.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Diagnosis of chronic subdural haematoma: the advantages of MR imaging compared with the CT-scan.

Two cases of chronic subdural haematoma are reported. Both highlight the difficulties associated with the diagnosis of such collections in the isodense phase on Computed Tomography. Magnetic Resonance Imaging proved its higher discriminating power by delineating the haematomas in both cases. The respective values of these two imaging techniques are discussed with a review of the current literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Metastatic carcinoid tumour of the CNS from two different primary sites.

Two cases of carcinoid tumour affecting the central nervous system through their metastases were treated surgically. The first case was carcinoid tumour of the lung with a single metastases in the right frontal lobe of the brain, while the second developed metastases of the sixth thoracic vertebra from a terminal ileum bowel primary causing spinal cord compression. Neither case developed carcinoid syndrome. The rarity of such metastases affecting the central nervous system is discussed together with a review of the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

An afterloaded applicator for the interstitial irradiation of brain tumours.

A stereotactically implanted afterloaded system for the interstitial radiotherapy of brain tumours is described. The technique has the advantages of accuracy of dosimetry, no radiation hazard in the operating theatre and ease of afterloading with a source which may be inserted and removed at will. Caesium-137 is used, but the system could equally well be used with other isotopes.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1984

Computer-generated three-dimensional visualization of the trigeminal nuclear complex.

The spatial configuration of the trigeminal nuclear complex has been determined using new computer techniques aided by color graphic display facilities. Precise, statistical computer-generated drawings are provided of the three-dimensional anatomy of the nuclear complex and spinal tract of the fifth cranial nerve, as well as adjacent structures. Techniques for viewing these structures from variable directions and producing stereopairs are presented.

Computers↗
PubMed1984

Stereotactic brain biopsy using a narrow aperture computed tomography scanner.

A technique for stereotactic brain biopsy with guidance by computed tomography (CT) has been developed and the procedure carried out on a series of 12 patients. A head fixation device, based on the Leksell method, has been designed which allows exact transfer of CT co-ordinates to a Bennett stereotactic frame for the purpose of the biopsy. The development and initial experience of this stereotactic technique in 12 cases is reported and the accuracy of the method confirmed by histological examination and post-operative CT verification of the biopsy site, by means of a small marker inserted at the time of surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Three-dimensional stereotactic anatomy of the human trigeminal nerve nuclear complex.

The trigeminal nuclear complex and its spinal tract extend throughout the greater part of the brain-stem and at medullary levels form the target site for producing stereotactic lesions. This paper describes a method for three-dimensional drawings of this nuclear complex. A stereotactic atlas of the human brain-stem and cerebellar nuclei has formed the data base. The two-dimensional composite transverse sections, at 1-mm intervals have been digitized using an X-Y coordinate plotting microscope. Computer programs have been written to generate drawings of a single transverse hemisection as well as regeneration of the opposite hemibrain-stem section. Specific programs were used to reconstruct serial transverse section outlines and incorporate the trigeminal nuclear complex with and without hidden line removal techniques and colour graphic display facilities. Rotation about the x, y and z axes was possible and permits any view of the reconstructed specimen to be computer-generated. A further program for reconstructing structures as stereopairs is presented.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed1982

Intraventricular fetus-in-fetu. Case report.

The authors present a case of an intraventricular 14-cm fetus in a 6-week-old infant who presented with enlarging head size. The entire intracranial fetus, with recognizable limbs, trunk, head, and exomphalos, was removed totally from the lateral and third ventricles, with excellent recovery in the patient, who is now 18 months old. The cytogenetical and tissue histological studies are reported. The embryology, operative procedure, and pathology of this condition are discussed and the literature briefly reviewed.

Cerebral Cortex↗
PubMed1980

Global and regional cerebral blood flow. Noninvasive quantitation in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Since inert gas washout techniques for cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement are not applicable to asymmetrical pathological states where assumptions about constancy of distribution, volume, and partition coefficients cannot be held to be valid, a new approach to regional and global CBF is described. Regional volume and regional mean transit time are measured independently to give regional volume flow in ml/min. In a pilot study, this noninvasive, quantitative technique has been applied to 37 patients with various clinical responses to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Global CBF and clinical grading were significantly associated. Reduction of regional CBF and spasm of the relevant arterial supply were also significantly associated in these patients.

Cerebrovascular Circulation↗