Biomedical subjects

F Adriaens

Publications and source records attributed to F Adriaens.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1997

Use of bovine somatotropin in the tropics: the effect of sometribove on milk production in western, eastern, and southern Africa.

Seven field studies conducted in western, eastern, and southern Africa to determine the effect of a prolonged-release formulation of bovine somatotropin (bST) administered at 14-d intervals on milk production of indigenous, crossbred, and purebred cows are described. Studies in Gambia showed that 334 mg of a prolonged-release formulation of bST increased milk production of N'Dama cattle by 205 ml/d, which represented a 22% increase in milk production, and increased the body weight gain of calves. In small dairy units in Zimbabwe, 500 mg of a prolonged-release formulation of bST increased milk production of crossbreds from 8.0 to 10.0 kg/d. Milk production response of crossbred cows in Kenya increased 2.5 kg/d after the lower dose rate (334 mg); no further increases were observed when the dose rate was increased to 500 mg. A study with Holsteins showed that delaying treatment of 500 mg of a prolonged-release formulation of bST from 90 to 120 or 150 d postpartum resulted in similar milk production responses of 3.5, 3.4, and 3.2 kg/d, respectively. The milk production response (6.1 kg/d) recorded in another study with Holsteins was attributed to an excellent plane of nutrition and delayed treatment initiation. For nonpregnant cows that were classified to be culled, the prolonged-release formulation of bST was efficacious and could potentially be used to extend lactation.

Africa, Eastern↗

PubMed1997

The effect of bovine somatotropin and diet on somatotropin binding sites in hepatic tissue of lactating dairy cows.

In the lactating cow, galactopoiesis is stimulated by treatment with recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) and by an improved plane of nutrition. The present study determined the interaction between these variables and examined whether a positive galactopoietic effect was accompanied by a change in hepatic binding sites for bST. Lactating dairy cows received one of three diets with increasing nutrient density; diet 1, 150 g/kg of dry matter (DM) of crude protein (CP) and 10.5 MJ/kg of DM of metabolizable energy; diet 2, 170 g/kg of DM of CP and 11.3 MJ/kg of DM of metabolizable energy; and diet 3, 190 g/kg of DM of CP and 12.1 MJ/kg of DM of metabolizable energy. At 90 d after calving, half of the cows in each dietary group were treated with bST every 14 d for the rest of the lactation. Both nutrient density and administration of bST increased milk yield significantly in mid and late lactation; there was no significant treatment by diet interaction. Treatment with bST significantly increased plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I compared with IGF-I concentrations in controls in both mid and late lactation. Comparisons within diet revealed that concentrations of IGF-I were significantly higher in cows fed diet 3 than in cows fed diets 1 and 2 at both stages of lactation. Increases in plasma insulin were confined to cows in late lactation, and no changes were observed for nonesterified fatty acids. Liver biopsies showed that concentrations of hepatic binding sites for bST were not affected significantly by bST treatment but were increased in midlactation for cows fed diet 3. Concentration of hepatic binding sites per unit weight of tissue were greater for cows in midlactation than for cows in late lactation. In summary, exogenous bST treatment and increased nutrient density were associated with elevated plasma IGF-I concentrations and increased milk yield; however, only nutrient density in midlactation increased the number of hepatic binding sites for bST. Exogenous bST treatment had relatively little effect on the concentration of hepatic bST receptors compared with nutrient density.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1995

Bovine somatotropin dose titration in lactating dairy ewes. 1. Milk yield and milk composition.

Seventy-four lactating dairy ewes were injected with recombinant bST (sometribove) in a sustained-release formulation. Ewes received 0, 80, 160, or 240 mg of bST every 14 d from wk 3 to 8 of lactation (part 1) and 0, 80, or 160 mg of bST every 14 d from wk 11 to 23 of lactation (part 2). Sometribove increased milk yield over that of the controls for all treatment groups. The increase was largest for the group that was administered 160 mg of bST: milk yield was 34.1 and 53.2% and 6% FCM was 36.9 and 51.8% for parts 1 and 2 of the study, respectively. Sometribove increased milk fat during part 1 of the study, but decreased milk fat during part 2. Protein contents of milk were decreased throughout the study. For all group, bST increased the yield of milk constituents over that of the controls. When milking frequency was reduced from twice to once daily, the difference in milk yield between control ewes and those treated with bST was maintained. Neither mastitis incidence nor milk SCC were affected by bST treatment. Recombinant bST is efficacious in increasing both actual milk yield and 6% FCM over the dose range of 80 to 240 mg/14 d without adverse effects for lactating ewes.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of the COL3A1 gene detects a mutation that results in the substitution of glycine 1009 to valine and causes severe Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV.

A single base mismatch was detected by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) of the collagen type III gene in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. The patient's fibroblasts secreted both normal and slowly migrating type III procollagen molecules. Two-dimensional CNBr peptide mapping suggested that the defect was localised in the CB9 peptide or the C-propeptide region of the alpha 1 (III)-chain. Analysis of a set of restriction-endonuclease-digested fragments of an amplified cDNA sequence encoding CB9, identified a single-strand conformation polymorphism and localized it within a region of 79 bp corresponding to the carboxyl-terminal end of the CB9 peptide of the alpha 1(III)-chain. DNA sequence analysis demonstrated that the patient was heterozygous for a point mutation converting G to T at base pair 3440 of the collagen alpha 1(III) cDNA resulting in the substitution of glycine with valine at amino acid position 1009 of the alpha 1(III)-chain. The mutation in this patient lies within a region of mutations at the carboxyl-terminal end of the type III collagen alpha-helix which all produce a severe "acrogeric" form of EDS IV.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Clinical mastitis in cows treated with sometribove (recombinant bovine somatotropin) and its relationship to milk yield.

Effect of sometribove (methionyl bovine somatotropin) on mastitis in 15 full lactation trials (914 cows) in Europe and the US and 70 short-term studies (2697 cows) in eight countries was investigated. In full lactation studies, sometribove (500 mg/2 wk) was given for 252 d, commencing 60 d postpartum. Although herds varied considerably, incidence of clinical mastitis within a herd was similar for cows receiving control and sometribove treatments. Relative risk analyses indicated no treatment effect, and percentage of mastitis during treatment was similar for control and sometribove groups. A positive linear relationship existed between peak milk yield and mastitis incidence (percentage of cows contracting mastitis or cases per 100 cow days); sometribove treatment did not alter this relationship. Increases in mastitis related to milk yield increase from sometribove or related to genetic selection were similar. When expressed per unit of milk, mastitis incidence declined slightly as milk yield increased; this relationship was not altered by sometribove. No effect on clinical mastitis was observed in 70 commercial herds utilizing sometribove for 84 d. However, effects were significant for stage of lactation and milk yield. Overall, studies represented a wide range of research and commercial situations demonstrating that sometribove had no effect on incidence of clinical mastitis during the lactation of treatment. Furthermore, sometribove did not alter typical relationships between milk yield or herd factors and incidence of clinical mastitis.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

[Echographically controlled ventricle punctures].

Ventricular taps are performed either for diagnostic or for therapeutic purposes. They are not free of risks. A new technique is presented, in which the placement of the needle is echographically monitored. Fifteen punctures were done in five children. All punctures were successful at first attempt, and were uneventful.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗