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Biomedical subjects

F Abe

Publications and source records attributed to F Abe.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effects of iron and desferrioxamine on Rhizopus infection.

To investigate the association among iron, desferrioxamine, and a Rhizopus infection, the influence of iron and/or desferrioxamine on experimental mucormycosis in mice was examined. All mice pretreated with iron, desferrioxamine, or a combination of iron and desferrioxamine died within 5 days after the inoculation of R. oryzae. In the mice fungal lesions were observed in the brain which resembled human cerebral mucormycosis. By contrast, the mortality in the control mice with R. oryzae was 20% through the 3-week experimental period. Therefore, it was demonstrated that iron as well as desferrioxamine administration markedly promotes the growth of R. oryzae. The increased susceptibility to R. oryzae was considered to be due to increased serum iron in the animals pretreated with iron only; however, pretreatment with desferrioxamine did not affect the amount of serum ion. Thus, the data suggest that desferrioxamine acts as a siderophore to R. oryzae and exerts an adverse effect on mucormycosis. This study has shown that the presence of iron and desferrioxamine enhances the virulence and pathogenicity of R. oryzae by serving as a growth factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of bestatin on myelopoietic stem cells in normal and cyclophosphamide-treated mice.

The effect of bestatin on hematopoietic parameters and bone marrow progenitor activity (colony-forming unit - granulocyte/macrophage: CFU-GM) was examined in normal and myelosuppressed C57BL/6 mice. CFU-GM frequency and absolute number were determined with a limiting dilution analysis of bone marrow cells in soft agar using recombinant murine colony-stimulating factor - granulocyte/macrophage. We report that bestatin increased splenic, bone marrow, and peripheral blood cellularity and the number of CFU-GM over a dose range from 2.5 mg/kg through 100 mg/kg following i.p., i.v., or oral administration. The greatest myeloid stimulation was observed following multiple injections of bestatin. Bestatin also increased the recovery from cyclophosphamide-induced myelodepression as measured by these parameters. The hematopoietic properties of bestatin following oral administration is of potential importance for clinical application.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Cardiac glycosides of Beaumontia brevituba and B. murtonii.

Cardiac glycosides from Beaumontia brevituba and B. murtonii were examined. Gentiobiosyl-beta-D-cymaroside and gentiobiosyl-alpha-L-cymaroside of digitoxigenin were isolated from the seeds, unripe fruits, and leaves of B. brevituba, and the leaves of B. murtonii. Oleandrigenin and/or delta 16-digitoxigenin glycosides having the same sugar moieties were not isolated from the leaves of B. brevituba but from the leaves of B. murtonii as well as the seeds of B. brevituba.

Cardiac Glycosides↗
PubMed1990

Autoradiographic study of tissue distribution of [3H]ubenimex in IMC carcinoma-bearing mice.

[3H]Ubenimex was administered to IMC carcinoma-bearing mice, and the tissue distribution of the radioactivity was examined at various times after drug injection by autoradiography of glutaraldehyde-fixed tissues. Silver grains were concentrated on some of the macrophages present around the solid tumor and in thymic medulla, splenic red pulp, and mesenteric lymph node medulla. The grains were also seen at a similar concentration on some nurse cell-like cells in the thymic cortex and on some reticular cells in splenic red pulp. In the liver, grains were concentrated on the hepatocytes and bile duct epithelium. The grains were most densely concentrated on kidney proximal straight tubules, in which strong leucine aminopeptidase activity was also observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Hematopoietic and hematologic properties of bestatin in normal and cyclophosphamide myelosuppressed mice.

Bestatin is a potent inhibitor of aminopeptidase, an enzyme found in abundance in the membrane of monocytes and macrophages. Following binding of bestatin to cells in the histiocytic lineage, the production of colony stimulating activity is upregulated (both in vitro and in vivo) with subsequent increases in hematopoietic and hematologic parameters. We report that the frequency and absolute numbers of CFU-GM as well as entry of CFU-GM into S phase (a measure of progenitor cell activity) is upregulated by treatment of animals with bestatin. This results in an increase in bone marrow cellularity in cyclophosphamide suppressed mice and an increase in the absolute neutrophil count in normal and suppressed mice. The therapeutic application of this hematopoietic modulator has been demonstrated in combination cyclophosphamide and bestatin therapeutic protocols. Because this indication for bestatin has only recently been recognized, few clinical studies have been undertaken utilizing appropriate surrogates of hematopoietic activity. However, preliminary clinical evidence of hematopoietic activity by this non-toxic dipeptide, as reviewed here, suggests that this may be an appropriate strategy for the treatment of myelosuppressed patients.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1990

Serum levels of glycated albumin in non-diabetic and insulin-dependent diabetic children.

The serum levels of glycated albumin (GA) in 83 non-diabetic children and 26 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In non-diabetic children over one year, the GA levels were found to be uninfluenced by age, while the fructosamine (FRA) levels increased with age. The mean level of GA in IDDM children was 39.1 +/- 9.1%, which was significantly higher than in non-diabetic children with values of 16.1 +/- 1.1% (p less than 0.01). The GA levels of non-diabetic and IDDM children did not overlap, whereas their FRA levels did overlap. The GA levels correlated with HbAlc levels (r = 0.74, p less than 0.01) and FRA levels (r = 0.66, p less than 0.01) in IDDM children. The GA levels were more closely correlated than the FRA levels with the blood glucose two and three weeks previously. Thus, the GA level is a useful indicator of short-term control in diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Cardiac glycosides and pregnanes from Adenium obesum (studies on the constituents of Adenium. I).

Cardiac glycosides and pregnanes from the roots and the stems of Adenium obesum Roem. et Schult. were investigated. Among 30 cardiac glycosides including 15 known glycosides and 15 new combinations of the known aglycones and sugars, the structures of 11 glycosides were elucidated. Oleandrigenin beta-gentiobiosyl-beta-D-thevetoside was the main glycoside. Neridienone A and 16,17-dihydroneridienone A, common pregnanes in Apocynaceae, were also isolated.

Cardiac Glycosides↗
PubMed1990

Deoxyspergualin therapy in autoimmune MRL/1pr mice suffering advanced lupus-like disease.

The present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic activity of a novel immunosuppressive agent, deoxyspergualin (DSG, NKT-01) in male MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice suffering advanced systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like lesions. Treatment with DSG in the early phase of the disease at doses of 1.5 and 3 mg/kg strongly suppressed the development of SLE-like lesions. When DSG was administered from week 21 through 29 to MRL/lpr mice in advanced phases of the disease, a daily iv dose of 3 mg/kg (5 days/week) markedly reduced the symptoms, whereas a dose of 1.5 mg/kg did not. Moreover, DSG treatment at a dose of 3mg/kg, started at the time when the blood urea nitrogen levels were over 50 mg/deciliter, significantly prevented deterioration of the hyperuremia. Taking these findings into consideration, DSG was found to be a promising agent for curing such established autoimmune disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Deoxyspergualin directly suppresses antibody formation in vivo and in vitro.

The effect of deoxyspergualin (DSG, NKT-01) on humoral immunity was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. DSG inhibited the primary and secondary responses to T cell-dependent antigens and the response to T cell-independent antigens in thymic and athymic mice. However, natural antibodies in non-sensitized mice were affected less by the administration of DSG. The agent produced a dose-dependent inhibition of B cell proliferation and antibody production to lipopolysaccharide in vitro. Suppression of secondary antibody response was also shown, whenever antigen stimulation was not given, antibody production was not affected. These results suggest that DSG affects the proliferative stage of B lymphocytes in such a way as to inhibit their growth and antibody production.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Epidural anesthesia with high dose fentanyl for abdominal surgery].

An epidural catheter was inserted at T9-L2 interspace and 10 micrograms.kg-1 fentanyl with (E+) or without (E-) epinephrine 1:100,000 was given for 82 elective abdominal surgeries. N2O 66%, enflurane and muscle relaxant were used as needed. The onset and the duration of the action were estimated to be approximately 15 minutes and 4 hours, respectively. Anesthesia was maintained with enflurane below 0.4% (0.22 +/- 0.09%) in 70 patients (85.4%). E+ group needed significantly lower concentration of enflurane than E- group. There was no severe hemodynamic change during the operation. Systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and heart rate during the operation were 115.2 +/- 16.0 mmHg, 69.4 +/- 10.8 mmHg and 74.2 +/- 11.4 min-1, respectively, each of which was about 18% less than the values on arrival in the operating room. Sixty-one patients (82.5%) woke rapidly. Almost all patients felt well and had no pain during the recovery period. Naloxone 0.05-4 mg was administered intravenously in 21 patients (31.7%) whose respiratory rate was below 10 min-1. The patients with shorter operation time (shorter than 2.5 hours) needed more naloxone. Troubles of respiratory depression did not occur in the recovery room and in the ward in both naloxone and non-naloxone groups. This anesthesia method which induces mild depression of blood pressure and heart rate may be indicated for patients with ischemic heart disease or with poor cardiac function, but has no advantages in patients with poor respiratory function who need early extubation after a short operation.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1989

The relative value of glycated albumin, hemoglobin A1c and fructosamine when screening for diabetes mellitus.

We compared the usefulness of three glycated serum proteins, glycated albumin (GA), glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c) and fructosamine (FA), for diabetic screening purposes. We measured these indices in 302 adults, most of whom underwent yearly physical examinations. We measured GA and HbA1c with high precision using high-performance liquid chromatography (interassay coefficients of variation 4.9 and 4.0%, respectively) and FA using commercial reagents (interassay coefficient of variation 1.65%). All the individuals underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, which revealed significant correlations between the values of the three glycated proteins and the four plasma glucose concentrations measured as well as the sum of these glucose concentrations, sigma BS (GA, r = 0.80; HbA1c, r = 0.80; FA, r = 0.65). On the basis of the test, 130 of the subjects were classified as normal (N), 123 as borderline and 49 as having diabetes mellitus (D) according to the criteria of the Japan Diabetes Society. Of the 123 borderline cases, 26 showed impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) according to the WHO criteria. The normal group values of GA, HbA1c and FA were 17.8 +/- 0.17% (mean +/- SEM), 5.02 +/- 0.03%, and 2.55 +/- 0.02 mM/l, respectively. Borderline and IGT subjects had significantly more GA and HbA1c than normal but not more FA (P less than 0.01). We divided the subjects into 10 groups on the basis of their sigma BS values; those with values higher than 671 +/- 4.7 mg/dl had significantly more GA and HbA1c than normal, while those with values higher than 1068 +/- 40.9 mg/dl (the most extreme cases) had significantly more FA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗