Biomedical subjects

Enrico Rossetti

Publications and source records attributed to Enrico Rossetti.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Significance of total and differential leucocyte count in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with primary coronary angioplasty.

AIMS: The aim of this study was to correlate total and differential leucocyte (WBC) count with myocardial blush, peak CK levels, and left ventricular (LV) functional recovery at 6 months in 238 consecutive acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients treated with successful primary coronary angioplasty (PCI). METHODS AND RESULTS: Total and differential WBC counts were measured on admission and every 24 h for at least 4 days after PCI. ST-segment resolution and myocardial blush were evaluated immediately after successful primary PCI. LV functional recovery (defined as improvement involving at least two segments, or at least one segment, when only two were asynergic on the basal examination) was obtained through echocardiographic evaluation of LV wall motion at the baseline and at 6 months. Basal CK (P<0.001) and increased neutrophil levels (P<0.001) were the only independent factors related to peak CK, whereas neutrophils and monocytes peaks were related to ST-segment resolution as well as to myocardial blush grade (MBG) 2-3. MBG 2-3 and monocytes number (both as continuous values as well as percentile values) were the only variables independently associated with 6-month LV functional recovery. CONCLUSION: The present study shows that neutrophils and monocytes counts on the first days after acute MI treated with primary PCI are related to markers of effective myocardial reperfusion such as MBG 2-3 and ST-segment resolution. However, only monocytes and MBG are significantly and independently associated with contractile recovery of the infarcted area at 6 months.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗

PubMed2004

Nitric-oxide mediated effects of transdermal capsaicin patches on the ischemic threshold in patients with stable coronary disease.

BACKGROUND: Capsaicin has been shown to exert direct vasodilating effects through increased calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release. However, no data exist on its effect following systemic administration in humans. METHODS: Twelve male patients with stable coronary disease and a persistently positive exercise were selected for study. According to a double blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, patients were randomized to placebo or 3 g oleic capsaicin-containing patches, on 2 different days and with a 2-day interval between treatments. Patients performed treadmill exercise testing according to the Bruce protocol. Time to 1 mm ST segment depression and to peak exercise, maximal ST segment depression, and the number of ECG leads showing diagnostic changes were also measured. Blood samples for nitric oxide (NO) and CGRP were drawn at baseline, 2, 6, and 24 hours after exercise. RESULTS: On placebo, all patients had a positive ECG during exercise test. Only 1 patient experienced angina, on both treatments. With capsaicin, 1 patient had a negative exercise, while 8 patients significantly increased time to 1 mm ST depression from 328 +/- 167 to 401 +/- 174 seconds (P = 0.01). Of the remaining patients, 1 did not show any changes and 2 showed a worse ischemic threshold when on capsaicin. CGRP levels were not significantly different between placebo and capsaicin treatment. Conversely, when on capsaicin, NO significantly increased at 6 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Transdermal capsaicin may improve ischemic threshold in patients with stable coronary disease, probably through arteriolar vasodilation. Increased capsaicin-induced NO availability could represent the principal mechanism of action.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

PubMed2003

Tezosentan. Actelion/Genentech.

Tezosentan is an endothelin receptor antagonist in development by Actelion Ltd and Genentech Inc for the potential treatment of cardiovascular disorders, including acute heart failure (AHF) and congestive heart failure. Actelion has conducted a phase III study of tezosentan in AHF patients, however, following disappointing trial results a new phase III study in AHF was planned using lower doses of the compound. By January 2003, Actelion anticipated that the first results of a two-year phase III study evaluating mortality/morbidity would be available by early 2005.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

High prevalence of (99m)tc-tetrofosmin reverse perfusion pattern in patients with myocardial infarction and angiographically smooth coronary arteries.

BACKGROUND: There are no published data in the literature on the scintigraphic perfusion pattern in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and normal coronary arteries (NCA). OBJECTIVES: To evaluate myocardial perfusion imaging in a series of patients with MI and NCA. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients who had developed a MI and had NCA were studied. As a control group we included 27 patients with a recent MI and coronary artery disease (CAD). All patients underwent stress/rest tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion SPECT within 6 months from MI. RESULTS: In patients with NCA tetrofosmin stress images revealed 41 hypoperfused segments in 17 patients (63%). On rest images, 13 segments remained unchanged, 4 showed partial reperfusion, 10 normalized and 14 worsened. Additionally, there were 18 new hypoperfused segments in nine patients. Therefore, perfusion worsened at rest in 18 patients (67%) (32 segments). Overall, at rest there were 49 hypoperfused segments in 22 patients (81%). In patients with CAD, stress images revealed 71 hypoperfused segments. On rest images, 39 segments remained unchanged, 16 showed partial reperfusion and 12 normalized. Four segments worsened at rest and only four patients (15%) showed new perfusion defects at rest. CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial perfusion with tetrofosmin might appear considerably worse at rest than at stress in patients with MI and NCA. Specifically, a reverse perfusion pattern in the infarct area is a frequent finding and is likely to be due to residual tissue viability. We postulate that in these patients the hyperemic response to exercise may mask resting underperfusion areas.

Adult↗