Special report: highlights of the 19th Annual Summer Meeting of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society, Hilton Head, South Carolina, June 27-29, 2003.
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Ankle↗
Biomedical subjects
Elly Trepman
Publications and source records attributed to Elly Trepman.
Special report: highlights of the First Annual Scientific Meeting of the Canadian Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society, Winnipeg, Manitoba, October 4, 2003.
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Ankle↗
The modified Palmer lateral approach for calcaneal fractures: wound healing and postoperative computed tomographic evaluation of fracture reduction.
In 32 consecutive intra-articular calcaneal fractures (28 patients, 4 bilateral), open treatment was done using the modified Palmer lateral approach and the reduction was assessed with postoperative radiography and computed tomography (CT) (coronal and axial images, 1-2 days after surgery). Retrospective analysis of the available radiographs and CT scans was done in 27 fractures (25 patients, 2 bilateral) to assess accuracy of reduction achieved; in five fractures the studies were not available. Sanders classification was type I in 2 (7%), type II in 20 (74%), and type III in 5 (19%) fractures; the calcaneocuboid joint was involved in 9 (33%) fractures. Reduction included elevation of the depressed lateral side of the posterior facet, reduction of the neck (anterior third of calcaneus) to the body (middle third of calcaneus), realignment of the posterior tuberosity, and reduction of lateral wall blowout; internal fixation was done with cannulated screws. Mean (+/-SD) values of the following displacement parameters were significantly improved after surgery: Böhler's angle, posterior facet angle, lateral posterior facet articular depression, heel width (coronal CT), and calcaneal height. There was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative values of mean angle of Gissane, posterior tuberosity position, and body width and length on axial CT. One (3%) of the 32 fractures was associated with preoperative (traumatic) full-thickness skin necrosis at the sinus tarsi that required free muscle flap coverage. One (3%) postoperative wound healing complication occurred, consisting of wound dehiscence and drainage at the central portion of the surgical wound in a smoker, which resolved with dressing changes and antibiotics. In conclusion, the modified Palmer lateral approach enabled open reduction of major features of calcaneal fractures with less soft-tissue risk than more extensile approaches.
Calcaneus↗
Microscopic metallic wear and tissue response in failed titanium hallux metatarsophalangeal implants: two cases.
The membranes present at the implant-bone interface were retrieved from two patients with titanium single stem hallux implants that had failed. Both patients had pain and valgus deformity of the hallux, and radiographs showed a radiolucent shadow around the implant stem, with thinning of the dorsal cortex of the proximal phalanx in one patient. After removal of the implants, arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal (MP) joint was performed. Histologic analysis of the membrane tissue at the implant-bone interface showed a synovial-like appearance. There was a fibrous tissue stroma adjacent to the bone surface, with multiple regions of scalloping covered by mononuclear cells. Fine metallic debris was seen throughout the fibrous tissue. Multinucleated foreign body giant cells were sparsely observed associated with fine particulate metallic wear debris similar to observations from failed total hip arthroplasties. The histologic appearance is evidence that foreign-body granulomatous infiltration associated with metallic wear debris may be a causative factor of peri-implant osteolysis leading to aseptic loosening and failure of titanium single stem hallux implants.
Aged↗
Patellar tendon-bearing, patten-bottom caliper suspension orthosis in active Charcot arthropathy: crutch-free ambulation with no weight bearing in the foot.
A custom, patellar-tendon bearing (PTB), patten-bottom, caliper suspension orthosis was constructed for six patients with severe, active (Eichenholtz stage I) Charcot arthropathy of the ankle and hindfoot. With the orthosis, the suspended foot and ankle remained completely non-weight-bearing, and the lower extremity supported full weight bearing along the posterior and anterior leg shells and PTB crest. Four of the six patients used the orthosis to ambulate without crutches, leaving the upper extremities free for functional use. Frequent adjustment of the orthosis and skin examination were required. Minor problems with the orthosis included superficial skin breakdown and downward pistoning of the leg associated with improper, loose donning. Patient compliance was poor in four of the six patients because of general debility, difficulty with balance, and discomfort. However, in the other two patients, the absence of mechanical forces on the foot and ankle in the orthosis allowed the swelling and erythema of the active phase of Charcot arthropathy to resolve within several weeks, with maintenance of functional ambulation during the months required for healing of the Charcot process.
Adult↗
Highlights of the eighteenth annual summer meeting of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society. July 12-14, 2002, Traverse City, Michigan.
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Ankle↗
Toe flexor forces in dancers and non-dancers.
Toe flexor force (hallux and second toe) was determined in the right and left feet of 24 dancers and 29 non-dancers (sitting and standing positions) using a commercially-available pressure sensor connected to a voltmeter. For the hallux and second toe combined (all trials combined), average toe flexor force was slightly greater for dancers than non-dancers (dancers, 7 +/- 4 N; non-dancers, 6 +/- 4 N; P<0.049). For dancers and non-dancers combined (all trials), the average toe flexor force of the hallux was more than twice that of the second toe (hallux, 9 +/- 4 N; 2nd toe, 4 +/- 1 N; P<0.0001); average toe flexor force was slightly greater in standing than sitting positions (standing, 7 +/- 4 N; sitting, 6 +/- 3 N; P<0.0001); and the average toe flexor force was slightly greater for the right than left foot (right, 7 +/- 4 N; left, 6 +/- 4 N; P<0.012). The average toe flexor force was greatest for the first repetition and slightly decreased for the second and third repetitions (first repetition, 7 +/- 4 N; second and third repetitions each, 6 +/- 4 N; P<0.0013). Toe flexor force measurement may potentially be applicable to clinical practice as a guide to rehabilitation after injury or as a screening parameter for readiness to advance dance or other athletic training, performance, or competition.
Adult↗
Subtalar Joint Arthrography.
The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy and the specificity of an optimum technique of posterior talocalcaneal/posterior subtalar (PST) joint arthrography and anesthetic injection in patients with hindfoot pain. Fifty-five PST joints were studied in 55 patients. The posteromedial approach was used in the first 24 patients, followed by an anterolateral approach in 31 patients. The ease of performance, success of confirming PST needle position, and adverse effects were noted. After contrast injection, a combination of 1% lidocaine and 0.5% bupivacaine was injected. Results consisted of 47 arthrographically confirmed PST injections. The posteromedial approach was deemed more difficult; three patients had tendon sheath opacification and four had unwanted anesthesia of the toes. The anterolateral approach was technically easier and no extra-articular structures were visualized or anesthetized. Therefore, PST arthrography with anesthetic injection is optimized with an anterolateral approach.
Journal Article↗
Health-related quality of life in diabetic patients with foot ulcers: literature review.
Foot ulcers are a common, serious, and costly complication of diabetes, preceding 84% of lower extremity amputations in diabetic patients and increasing the risk of death by 2.4-fold over diabetic patients without ulcers. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is worse among individuals with diabetes than individuals without diabetes, and complications of diabetes, including foot ulcers, have a major negative effect on HRQOL. Diabetic foot ulcers are associated with reduced mobility and deficits related to activities of daily living that adversely affect HRQOL. Qualitative studies have confirmed clinical observations that diabetic foot ulcers have a huge negative psychological and social effect, including reduction in social activities, increased family tensions for patients and their caregivers (spouses or partners), limited employment, and financial hardship. Quantitative studies confirm the findings of qualitative studies that diabetic foot ulcers exert a negative effect on physical functioning, psychological status, and social situation. Recent advances include the development and validation of disease-specific HRQOL surveys for diabetic patients with foot ulcers. Disease-specific surveys may improve the evaluation of HRQOL as a function of ulcer healing, the effect of different treatment methods on HRQOL, and the relationship between treatment-specific HRQOL, patient compliance, and treatment efficacy.
Activities of Daily Living↗