Biomedical subjects

Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau

Publications and source records attributed to Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Chlamydia trachomatis incidence in relation to vaginal microbiota dynamics, immunogenetics and exposures in a cohort of young student women in France.

BACKGROUND: Given the potential role of the vaginal microbiota in the acquisition of Chlamydia trachomatis infections, we aim to investigate its contribution together with immunogenetics and epidemiological exposures to the incidence of C. trachomatis in young women. METHODS: This study involved 313 female students aged 18-24 years from the i-Predict prevention trial in France. Participants provided four self-collected vaginal samples and filled four self-administered questionnaires every 6 months for 18 months. C. trachomatis-positive participants and negative controls with complete follow-up were selected for this analysis and submitted to chlamydia testing and to vaginal microbiota characterization using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Thirteen human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to C. trachomatis susceptibility and severity were also assessed. RESULTS: Compared to 260 non-infected participants, Gardnerella spp., Fannyhessea vaginae and Prevotella timonensis were more abundant in C. trachomatis-incident participants (n=24) before infection. Having a CST IV at the preceding sample compared to a CST I (3.56 [1.08-11.70], p=0.037) was associated with increased risk of C. trachomatis acquisition, as well as having had multiple concomitant partners in the last 6 months (4.33 [1.19-15.72], p=0.028). Lifetime condom use was associated with decreased incidence (OR 0.38 [0.16-0.94], p=0.037). None of the tested human SNPs was associated with C. trachomatis infection. CONCLUSIONS: In this low-risk for C. trachomatis population, having a CST IV-AB vaginal microbiota and associated bacterial anaerobes was a risk factor for C. trachomatis acquisition after adjustment for other exposures. Condom use remains one of the main tools to prevent incidence.

C. trachomatis↗

PubMed2005

Past excessive alcohol consumption: a major determinant of severe liver disease among newly referred hepatitis C virus infected patients in hepatology reference centers, France, 2001.

PURPOSE: Our study aimed to identify factors associated with the occurrence of severe liver disease in hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive patients at first referral to hepatology reference centers in France in 2001. METHODS: Patients reported through the national hospital-based hepatitis C surveillance system in 2001 were included. The definition of severe liver disease was based on clinical, biological, and morphological evaluation; cirrhosis (+/- complication) and primary liver cancer were classified as severe liver disease. Patient characteristics were compared for those with and without severe liver disease. RESULTS: Of the 3404 newly referred patients in the 26 participating centers, 391 (11.5%) had severe liver disease. Male gender (adjusted odds ratios [aOR]=1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-1.9), age over 39 years at referral (aOR=3.8; 95% CI, 2.7-5.3), past excessive alcohol consumption (aOR=2.6; 95% CI, 1.9-3.5), and HIV seropositivity (aOR=1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.3) were each independently associated with an increased risk of severe liver disease. In the subgroup of patients with known age at time of HCV exposure, age over 39 years at time of exposure (aOR=1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.4), duration of HCV infection over 15 years (aOR=2.6; 95% CI, 1.8-3.7), known HBs antigen positivity (aOR=2.4; 95% CI, 1.1-5.2), and past excessive alcohol consumption (aOR=2.7; 95% CI, 1.8-3.9) were each associated with increased risk of severe liver disease. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings underscore the important role of past excessive alcohol consumption on the development of severe liver disease for HCV patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Outbreak of hepatitis C virus infection in a hemodialysis unit: potential transmission by the hemodialysis machine?

OBJECTIVE: To identify the routes of transmission during an outbreak of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2a/2c in a hemodialysis unit. DESIGN: A matched case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors for HCV seroconversion. Direct observation and staff interviews were conducted to assess infection control practices. Molecular methods were used in a comparison of HCV infecting isolates from the case-patients and from patients infected with the 2a/2c genotype before admission to the unit. SETTING: A hemodialysis unit treating an average of 90 patients. PATIENTS: A case-patient was defined as a patient receiving hemodialysis with a seroconversion for HCV genotype 2a/2c between January 1994 and July 1997 who had received dialysis in the unit during the 3 months before the onset of disease. For each case-patient, 3 control-patients were randomly selected among all susceptible patients treated in the unit during the presumed contamination period of the case-patient. RESULTS: HCV seroconversion was associated with the number of hemodialysis sessions undergone on a machine shared with (odds ratio [OR] per additional session, 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI95], 0.9 to 1.8) or in the same room as (OR per additional session, 1.1; CI95, 1.0 to 1.2) a patient who was anti-HCV (genotype 2a/2c) positive. We observed several breaches in infection control procedures. Wetting of transducer protectors in the external pressure tubing sets with patient blood reflux was observed, leading to a potential contamination by blood of the pressure-sensing port of the machine, which is not accessible to routine disinfection. The molecular analysis of HCV infecting isolates identified among the case-patients revealed two groups of identical isolates similar to those of two patients infected before admission to the unit. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest patient-to-patient transmission of HCV by breaches in infection control practices and possible contamination of the machine. No additional cases have occurred since the reinforcement of infection control procedures and the use of a second transducer protector.

Adult↗