Biomedical subjects

Eiji Oka

Publications and source records attributed to Eiji Oka.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

[Epidemiologic features of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis from clinical data of patients receiving a public aid for treatment].

In 1999, clinical data of 125 patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) were obtained by the Research Committee from local prefectural governments. The data were made by physicians treating the patients, and were submitted to the governments when the patients applied for the aid. By analyzing the data, we observed the epidemiologic features of the disease in Japan, and discussed the availability of the data as the source of epidemiologic researches. Of the 125 patients, 66 were males and 59 were females. The distribution of age at onset had a peak in 5-14 years of age with the average of 10.3 years. Among the 109 cases in which the time of infection was obvious, more than 80% suffered from measles before 2 years of age, in agreement with the hypothesis that measles infection in young age is a risk factor of SSPE. The interval between measles and the onset of SSPE was between 5 and 10 years in most cases, with average of 8.8 years, median of 4.3 years, ranging from 2 months to 23.6 years. Because the data contain some problems, we have to observe the epidemiologic features of SSPE in Japan based on multiple data sources including this one, considering their advantages and disadvantages.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[A child with ictal fear as the primary epileptic manifestation].

We report a 4-year-old boy with ictal fear as his primary epileptic manifestation. Following an arrest of motion, the boy started to scream and struggle with an expression of horror on his face. Oral automatisms appeared around the end of the seizure. Complex visual and gustatory hallucinations and pain in the left leg were also observed. Ictal and interictal scalp EEGs revealed epileptic discharges in bilateral frontal regions. Ictal SPECT (99 mTc-HMPAO) showed hyperperfusion in right medial temporal area. These findings suggest that ictal fear associated with other ictal manifestations such as various hallucinations and oral automatisms resulted from rapid spread of epileptic discharges from frontal lobes to the right anterior temporal region.

Brain↗

PubMed2002

Significant correlation of the SCN1A mutations and severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy.

To investigate the possible correlation between genotype and phenotype of epilepsy, we analyzed the voltage-gated sodium channel alpha1-subunit (SCN1A) gene, beta1-subunit (SCN1B) gene, and gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) receptor gamma2-subunit (GABRG2) gene in DNAs from peripheral blood cells of 29 patients with severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SME) and 11 patients with other types of epilepsy. Mutations of the SCN1A gene were detected in 24 of the 29 patients (82.7%) with SME, although none with other types of epilepsy. The mutations included deletion, insertion, missense, and nonsense mutations. We could not find any mutations of the SCN1B and GABRG2 genes in all patients. Our data suggested that the SCN1A mutations were significantly correlated with SME (p<.0001). As we could not find SCN1A mutations in their parents, one of critical causes of SME may be de novo mutation of the SCN1A gene occurred in the course of meiosis in the parents.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2002

Childhood-onset epilepsy associated with polymicrogyria.

To study the electroclinical characteristics of patients with childhood-onset epilepsy who showed polymicrogyria (PMG) on MRI, we classified 15 patients according to the location of PMG on MRI. The composition of the subjects was as follows: four patients with PMG in both hemispheres; three with localized PMG in one hemisphere associated with other lesions such as porencephaly; and eight with only localized PMG in one hemisphere. We investigated the electroclinical characteristics of the epileptic syndromes associated with these different types of PMG. Four patients suffered from infantile spasms during their clinical course. Five patients suffered from epilepsy with electrical status epilepticus during slow sleep (ESES) and ESES-related epilepsy. The other six patients had only localization-related epilepsy throughout their clinical course. Patients with PMG in both hemispheres, and localized PMG in one hemisphere associated with other lesions tended to have early-onset intractable seizures, especially infantile spasms. On the other hand, patients with only localized PMG in one hemisphere had ESES and ESES-related epilepsy or localization-related epilepsy, and their seizure prognosis was relatively favorable. These findings are useful in predicting the outcome of patients with PMG.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Benefit of simultaneous recording of EEG and MEG in dipole localization.

PURPOSE: In this study, we tried to show that EEG and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are clinically complementary to each other and that a combination of both technologies is useful for the precise diagnosis of epileptic focus. METHODS: We recorded EEGs and MEGs simultaneously and analyzed dipoles in seven patients with intractable localization-related epilepsy. MEG dipoles were analyzed by using a BTI Magnes 148-channel magnetometer. EEG dipoles were analyzed by using a realistically shaped four-layered head model (scalp-skull-fluid-brain) built from 2.0-mm slice magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. RESULTS: (a) In two of seven patients, MEG could not detect any epileptiform discharges, whereas EEG showed clear spikes. However, dipoles estimated from the MEG data corresponding to the early phase of EEG spikes clustered at a location close to that of the EEG-detected dipole. (b) In two of seven patients, EEG showed only intermittent high-voltage slow waves (HVSs) without definite spikes. However, MEG showed clear epileptiform discharges preceding these EEG-detected HVSs. Dipoles estimated for these EEG-detected HVSs were located at a location close to that of the MEG-detected dipoles. (c) Based on the agreement of the results of these two techniques, surgical resection was performed in one patient with good results. CONCLUSIONS: Dipole modeling of epileptiform activity by MEG and EEG sometimes provides information not obtainable with either modality used alone.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Childhood epilepsy in Okayama Prefecture, Japan--a neuroepidemiological study].

Epidemiological surveys on epilepsy have been carried out repeatedly in Japan. However, at present, a population-based survey according to the International Classification for Epileptic Syndromes is considered to be especially important. We therefore carried out a population-based survey on children with epilepsy under thirteen years of age, who resided in Okayama Prefecture on December 31, 1999 as the prevalence day. The population of children in Okayama Prefecture under thirteen years of age on the prevalence day was 250,997. The lists of children with epilepsy were collected from the medical records of 45 hospitals, 36 clinics and 3 institutions in and around Okayama Prefecture. 1) 2,222 cases with active epilepsy were identified. The prevalence rate was 8.9 per 1,000. 2) This prevalence rate was almost equal to the previous result (8.2 per 1,000) given by another survey undertaken in 1975 for children under ten years of age in Okayama Prefecture. 3) If the cases with single seizure and/or the cases with seizures induced by fever are excluded, the prevalence rate decreased to 5.5 per 1,000. 4) 2,026 (91.2%) of the 2,222 cases were classified into three major categories of the International Classification of Epileptic Syndromes. They consisted of 1,557 cases (76.8%) with localization-related epilepsy, 449 cases (22.2%) with generalized epilepsy and 20 cases (1.0%) with undetermined epilepsy. 5) 303 (15.0%) of the 2,026 cases were classified into the epileptic syndromes. However, the majority of other cases consisted of nonspecific types of epilepsy, and could not be classified in detail. 6) The guideline for informed consent in epidemiological study published in 2000 by the Committee of the Japanese Ministry of Public Welfare will be useful for neuroepidemiological studies in the future.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2002

[ESES syndrome].

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Adolescent↗