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Biomedical subjects

E Young

Publications and source records attributed to E Young.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Angina and exertional myocardial ischemia in diabetic and nondiabetic patients: assessment by exercise thallium scintigraphy.

Patients with diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease are thought to have painless myocardial ischemia more often than patients without diabetes. We studied 50 consecutive patients with diabetes and 50 consecutive patients without diabetes, all with ischemia, on exercise thallium scintigraphy to show the reliability of angina as a marker for exertional ischemia. The two groups had similar clinical characteristics, treadmill test results, and extent of infarction and ischemia, but only 14 [corrected] patients with diabetes compared with 34 [corrected] patients without diabetes had angina during exertional ischemia. In diabetic patients the extent of retinopathy, nephropathy, or peripheral neuropathy was similar in patients with and without angina. Angina is an unreliable index of myocardial ischemia in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease. Given the increased cardiac morbidity and mortality in such patients, periodic objective assessments of the extent of ischemia are warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

In vitro immunological function of human corneal fibroblasts.

Gamma-interferon-induced HLA-DR-like antigens on normal human fibroblasts were compared functionally to HLA-DR antigens on peripheral blood mononuclear leucocytes (PBML) from the same individual. Irradiated DR+ fibroblasts did not stimulate allogeneic PBML to divide in a mixed lymphocyte fibroblast culture (MLFC) as determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation, although lymphocytes autologous to the fibroblasts stimulated normally. Co-culture with interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-2, 2-mercaptoethanol and indomethacin had no effect on MLFC. Pretreatment of stimulator fibroblasts with neuraminidase to modify sialoglycoproteins increased responses only modestly. Both DR+ and DR- fibroblasts inhibited a normal mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) response in a dose-dependent fashion. These results suggest that the induction of HLA-DR-like molecules on fibroblasts is not sufficient to initiate host sensitization and that fibroblasts may inhibit normal lymphoproliferation.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1988

Experimental ocular onchocerciasis in cynomolgus monkeys. III. Roles of IgG and IgE antibody and autoantibody and cell-mediated immunity in the chorioretinitis elicited by intravitreal Onchocerca lienalis microfilariae.

Intravitreal injection of small numbers (10-500) of microfilariae (Mf) of Onchocerca lienalis in eyes of cynomolgus monkeys induces posterior segment lesions which resemble those occurring in human onchocerciasis in some respects. In order to determine the potential roles of antibody and cell-mediated immune responses in the formation of these lesions, anti-Onchocerca and anti-retinal IgG and IgE antibody and peripheral lymphocyte blastogenic responses were followed in eight monkeys, for one week to five months after intravitreal injection of Mf. Significant ocular inflammation occurred well before any antibody or peripheral lymphocyte blastogenic responses could be detected. It may be that direct effects of Mf, e.g., by activation of complement via the alternative pathway fulfill important roles in the pathogenesis of the posterior segment lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The effects of D-penicillamine and daunorubicin on conjunctival fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis.

Two drugs, D-penicillamine and daunorubicin, were tested for their effect on proliferation and collagen synthesis of cultured conjunctival fibroblasts. This cell type is likely responsible for scar formation and ultimate filter surgery failure in glaucoma patients. Both drugs were antiproliferative; however, D-penicillamine required 2000 times the concentration of daunorubicin to achieve a similar degree of inhibition. D-penicillamine had a more consistent effect on intracellular collagen synthesis than daunorubicin at the doses tested. In contrast, at concentrations of daunorubicin where all proliferation ceased, intracellular production and extracellular transport of collagen were maintained.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Patch test results with standard allergens over a decade.

The results of 10 years of patch testing with standard allergens are reported. An increase of sensitivity was found in nickel. Sensitivity to chromate had decreased. Sex and age differences in the incidence of allergy to metals were analysed. Nickel allergy appeared to be more common among women and was of most importance in the younger age groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Molecular cloning of 99% of measles virus genome, positive identification of 5' end clones, and mapping of the L gene region.

Molecular probes specific for paramyxovirus 3' and 5' end sequences are essential for studying viral transcription and replication and the role of defective interfering particles in these processes. We have constructed from measles virus genomic RNA an ordered series of overlapping clones containing over 99% of measles virus genetic information. Clones corresponding to the 3' and 5' ends of the genome were identified by means of a probe made from 'capped' genomic RNA, and their location was confirmed by primer extension experiments. Clones representing the N, P/C, M, F, and H genes were identified by reference to previously characterized clones, and their positions in the genome were defined by restriction analysis and S1 nuclease mapping of intercistronic clones. The L gene region was characterized by site-to-site restriction mapping and measured as 6,550 nucleotides in length.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1987

Intermittent application of clobetasol-17-propionate in psoriasis.

A double-blind study was carried out in 12 hospitalized patients with symmetrical eruptions of psoriasis to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with 0.05% clobetasol propionate ointment, applied once daily, to one side for 2 weeks compared with 1 week of active treatment and 1 week of vehicle alone to the other side. The results of clinical assessments of scaling, redness, and induration before and after each week of treatment showed only a very slight difference in favour of 2-weeks' continuous treatment when analyzed using a one-tailed Student's t-test (p = 0.047) but not when two-tailed testing was used (p = 0.094). Although it would appear that there was no clear preference for continuous therapy, other studies involving larger numbers of patients are needed to determine whether intermittent therapy with a potent corticosteroid such as clobetasol propionate is equally as effective in psoriasis.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1987

Class II induction of human corneal fibroblasts by cell-free supernatants from HSV stimulated lymphocytes.

Lymphocytes obtained from patients with herpes simplex virus, type 1 (HSV) neutralizing antibodies were stimulated in vitro for 48 hr with heat inactivated HSV. Cell-free supernatant from these cultures was added to autologous or allogeneic HLA-DR-negative stromal (fibroblast) cells for 3 days. All stromal cultures were stained with monoclonal reagents by indirect immunofluorescence for Class I (beta 2) or Class II (HLA-DR) antigen expression. Supernatant from HSV-stimulated lymphocytes induced HLA-DR antigen on cultured stromal cells while supernatant from lymphocytes cultured in the absence of HSV antigen or from lymphocytes which did not proliferate in response to incubation with HSV antigen did not induce HLA-DR. The expression of Class II antigens induced by supernatant from HSV-stimulated lymphocytes was inhibited by the addition of purified antibodies to IFN.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1987

The effect of cyclosporine in chlamydial eye infection.

The effect of cyclosporine (CsA) treatment in both primary and secondary Chlamydia trachomatis ocular infection in cynomolgus monkeys was studied. Following primary infection, CsA-treated animals developed severe clinical symptoms which persisted for up to 12 weeks compared to control animals which developed less severe inflammation lasting only 4 to 6 weeks. CsA treatment had no effect on the clinical course of a second ocular infection. Antigen-specific antibodies developed normally in the serum and tears of all animals, but the titer of IgM in serum and secreted IgA in tears of CsA-treated animals was significantly lower than control animals. Chlamydia-specific cell-mediated immunity, as determined by in vitro lymphoproliferation assays of peripheral blood, did not develop in either group of animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Modulation of human lymphocyte proliferation by normal bovine vitreous.

A heat stable antiangiogenic protein (Bovine Vitreal Protein or BVP) isolated from normal bovine vitreous and known to inhibit growth of endothelial and smooth muscle cells was studied for its in vitro effect on human lymphocyte proliferation. Unheated BVP inhibited lymphoproliferation in 12 normal, healthy donors in response to tetanus toxoid (TT) and to Concanavalin A (Con A), but had little effect on responses to irradiated allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear leucocytes (PBML) or Pokeweed mitogen (PWM). In contrast, heated (95 degrees C/10 min) BVP strongly inhibited (more than 50%) proliferative responses to allogeneic cells, TT, and Con A, and strongly augmented responses to PWM.

Animals↗