Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Yamazaki

Publications and source records attributed to E Yamazaki.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Purification and characterization of acid urease from Lactobacillus fermentum.

Acid urease was purified to an electrophoretically homogeneous state, and the molecular weight was estimated to be 220,000. The enzyme consisted of three kinds of subunits, designated alpha, beta and gamma, with molecular weights of 67,000, 16,800 and 8600, respectively, in a (alpha 1 beta 2 gamma 1)2 structure. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 4.8. The nickel content was found to be 1.9 atoms of nickel per alpha 1 beta 2 gamma 1 unit. The amino acid profile was different from those of known bacterial neutral ureases. The enzyme was most active at pH 2 and around 65 degrees C. It was stable between pH 3 and 9, and below 50 degrees C. The Km for urea was 2.7 mM at pH 2. The enzyme activity was inhibited by Ag+, Hg2+, Cu2+, p-chloromercuribenzoate and acetohydroxamate. The enzyme was separated into three subunits by reverse phase HPLC. The amino terminal amino acid sequences of the subunits alpha, beta and gamma were Ser-Phe-Asp-Met-, Met-Val-Pro-Gly- and Met-Arg-Leu-Thr-, respectively.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of a latex agglutination method for the rapid identification of Campylobacter jejuni/coli].

A latex agglutination assay was developed to identify Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. We evaluated the specificity, reproducibility and utility of the assay for clinical use and the following results were obtained. 1) To prepare standardized antigen, bacterial cells must be suspended to a density of 1 to 5 McFarland unit, and heated at 121 degrees C for 10 to 30 min. 2) Bacterial cells may be suspended either in the solution provided with the kit, or in physiological saline, without affecting the results. 3) Of C. jejuni, 94 strains, 6 of C. coli, and 3 of "Campylobacter upsaliensis", all tested positive without exception. All other Campylobacter species, encompassing 13 species and 80 strains, were negative. An additional 9 species and 30 strains, of non-Campylobacter gram negative bacteria, isolated on the Campylobacter selection agar medium, also were uniformly negative. Based on these results, we conclude that bacteria testing positive with the kit can be identified as C. jejuni/coli. Interestingly, "C. upsaliensis", although isolated very rarely from the clinical specimens, also tested positive.

Campylobacter↗
PubMed1989

The barrier function of the outer membrane of Pseudomonas maltophilia in the diffusion of saccharides and beta-lactam antibiotics.

This paper reports that the efficiency of solute diffusion through the outer membrane of Pseudomonas maltophilia is roughly 3 to 5% of that of Escherichia coli. This is despite the fact that the outer membrane pore(s) is only a little smaller than that of E. coli. These results suggest that P. maltophilia has a low copy number of porin(s). The outer membrane of antibiotic resistant clinical isolates showed even less efficient permeability towards saccharides and antibiotics than the laboratory strains.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Study on bacterial infection by the investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility of various clinical isolates. III. Comparison of drug susceptibility between the isolates from the materials of out- and in-patients, and among the isolates from the materials of different hospital units].

Antimicrobial agents susceptibility of 42, 940 strains of clinical isolates (from 1979 to 1986) were investigated and the data were analyzed on the basis of the sources of isolates; materials from in- and out-patients or from the different hospital units. Bacteria studied were limited to the species of which isolates were 100 or more during 1979 to 1986. The following results were obtained. i) When the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates from the out-patient-materials were compared with that from the in-patient-materials, the following 13 bacterial species isolated from the former source were found to be more susceptible to antibiotics than that of the latter. These were S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, Citrobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., Serratia sp., P. vulgaris, P. rettgeri, M. morganii, P. aeruginosa, P. putida, S. sonnei and Salmonella sp.. ii) The frequency of isolation and their antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus, Enterobacter sp. and P. aeruginosa from both the in- and out-patients were comparable through 1979. However, S. aureus isolated from the in-patient-materials tended to show increased antibiotic resistance since 1983. This is probably due to the frequent use of the 3rd generation cephalosporins. iii) Comparison of the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates from the different hospital units showed that the resistant strains were more frequently isolated in the materials from the urology unit and the susceptible strains were more frequently isolated in the materials from the infectious diseases unit. iv) Antibiotic resistant S. aureus and P. aeruginosa increased abruptly since 1983 in the materials from the surgery and urology unit, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bacteria↗
PubMed1987

Sclerotherapy of esophageal varices by consecutive injection of anhydrous ethanol: 1% polydocanol and thrombin.

In 1978, the first Japanese report of sclerotherapy with the flexible esophagoscope was published. At the Second Meeting of the Japanese Society of Sclerotherapy for Esophageal Varices (August 1986), reports were given on over 4000 cases treated by over 70 groups of endoscopists using various methods and sclerosants. These cases included 15 (about 0.4%) in which esophageal perforation occurred, and other complications, some fatal, were also reported. The main problem is to reduce the frequency of these serious complications. Over 400 cases have been treated by the authors in the past 3 years with a method involving consecutive injections of anhydrous ethanol when it is certain that the needle is in the varices. If there is any possibility of the needle being dislocated, 3-5 ml 1% polydocanol is administered instead. Weekly injections should be repeated until all varices have been sclerosized. No major complications have been observed, and the results are satisfactory [7].

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1986

Activities of cefoxitin in vitro and in vivo: a study in patients with biliary tract infection undergoing percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.

Activities of cefoxitin and the effect on killing of bacteria in bile from six patients undergoing percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage were analyzed in relation to in vitro activities of the drug, with particular reference to the incubation time. The bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of cefoxitin with short term (6 hr) incubation correlated well with the duration of the effective cefoxitin concentration and the decrease of viable bacteria in bile juice from the patients. These timed in vitro activities can be used as well as the conventional MIC and MBC with the prolonged incubation of 24 hr, in the deductive analysis of bacterial response in vivo.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

A simple bile-disk method for the identification of Bacteroides fragilis.

A simple method for the separation and identification of Bacteroides fragilis from other Bacteroides species through the use of oxgall-impregnated filter paper disks is described. As in the antibiotic sensitivity test, filter paper disks containing defined amounts of bile salt were placed on a lawn of bacterial cells on Gifu anaerobic medium agar plates. Bile-resistant bacteria were identified as strains of Bacteroides fragilis after incubation in anaerobic jars containing hydrogen and carbon dioxide generators at 35 C for 24 hr. The optimum concentration of bile salt, yielding results very similar to those of the conventional tube method, was determined to be 25 mg per disk, empirically. Since this method is easy to perform, time saving, economical and gives clear results, it may be readily used as a daily routine test in the clinical microbiology laboratory.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1982

Studies on antitumor polysaccharides of Flammulina velutipes (Curt. ex Fr.) Sing.II. The structure of EA3 and further purification of EA5.

An antitumor polysaccharide, EA3 isolated from a Japanese edible mushroom, Flammulina velutipes (CURT. ex FR.) SING. is composed of D-glucose. Studies to determine its structure were performed by mean of partial acid hydrolysis, acetolysis and the chemical analysis of the complete hydrolysates of the fully methylated polysaccharide. Thus the chemical structure of EA3 was found to be that of a beta-(1 leads to 3)-glucan. Another antitumor polysaccharide (EA5) also isolated from F. velutipes was fractionated on a concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B column. The active antitumor component was further purified by column chromatography on Sephadex G-200. Among the polysaccharides isolated the highest molecular weight polysaccharide (EA501) showed the highest rate of antitumor activity. The component sugar of EA501 were found to be D-glucose 42.3%, D-galactose 17.3%, D-mannose 12.2%, D-xylose 6.7% and L-arabinose 14.7%.

Agaricales↗