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E Yamaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to E Yamaguchi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Kinetics of peripheral blood stem cell collection in large-volume leukapheresis for pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy and adult patients before chemotherapy.

The present study investigated the kinetics involved in collection CD34+ cells and colony-forming units-granulocyte-macrophages (CFU-GMs) during large-volume leukapheresis (LVL) in pediatric patients with malignancies and attempted to correlate the number of cells with the processed blood volume. In addition, adult cases were also examined using the same continuous flow blood cell separator to investigate the difference between children and adults. We examined 5 pediatric patients who had undergone chemotherapy before apheresis and 3 adult patients who were scheduled to undergo chemotherapy following apheresis. Collection was performed using a continuous-flow blood cell separator. Patients received granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs), except in the case of acute myelocytic leukemia. The processed blood volume was set to approximately 300 ml in children and 500 ml/kg of body weight in adults and the leukapheresis component was collected when approximately 50 ml of blood was processed. Six sequential samples were taken from each component in pediatric patients and 10 sequential samples from adults to obtain CD34+ cells and CFU-GMs. Counts of mononuclear cells (MNCs) and CD34+ cells in peripheral blood were measured just before and after each apheresis. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet counts in peripheral blood were monitored during apheresis. A total of 11 collections were performed for pediatric patients. The mean total CD34+ cells and CFU-GMs in each fractionated yield did not show a remarkable increase with increasing volume of blood processed. In adults, the kinetics of CD34+ cells in each fractionated yield were determined on a continuous basis and CFU-GMs increased during the course of apheresis. In pediatric patients, circulating MNCs and CD34+ cells were stable during apheresis, whereas in adult patients these cells decreased in the peripheral blood after apheresis. In both pediatric and adult patients, the platelet count in the peripheral blood decreased after apheresis. In contrast to adults, in pediatric patients who had been undergone chemotherapy, the collection efficiency did not appear to increase with increased volume of blood processed. Moreover, there was a marked platelet reduction in peripheral blood following apheresis. We conclude that the kinetics of collecting PBSCs by continuous flow blood cell separator is different between pediatric cases and adults cases. The application of LVL may be prudent in some children with malignancies, including those with a low platelet count and low body weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Different expression of sialyl Tn antigen between polypoid and nonpolypoid growth types of advanced colorectal carcinoma.

Colorectal tumors can be classified based on their growth pattern into the polypoid growth type (PG-type) and nonpolypoid growth type (NPG-type). We examined sialyl Tn antigen expression in advanced colorectal carcinomas that were classified as PG-type and NPG-type cancers in order to ascertain whether or not such expression correlates with other biologically and clinically important differences. A total of 94 advanced colorectal carcinomas were examined for sialyl Tn antigen expression, which was immunohistochemically detected by the monoclonal antibody TKH2. Univariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression models were performed. Forty carcinomas (42.6%) were negative and 54 (57.5%) were positive for sialyl Tn antigen. Eighteen carcinomas (19.2%) were of PG type and 76 (80.8%) of NPG type. NPG-type cancers had a higher proportion of positive lymph node metastasis than PG-type cancers. Furthermore, sialyl Tn antigen was less often detected in NPG-type cancers (39 of 76; 51.3%) than in PG-type cancers (15 of 18; 83.3%; p = 0.0167). Multivariate analysis showed that two variables, lymph node metastasis and sialyl Tn antigen expression in carcinoma, were independently related to tumor growth patterns, that is NPG type and PG type. These data suggest that the difference in sialyl Tn antigen expression between two kinds of tumor growth patterns of advanced colorectal carcinomas, PG type and NPG type, may reflect different biological behaviors during tumor progression.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

A common FCER1B gene promoter polymorphism influences total serum IgE levels in a Japanese population.

Genetic factors are important in defining total serum IgE levels. Linkage analyses have localized a gene or genes that influence atopic phenotype at chromosome 11q13. Variants of the FCER1B gene have been identified, which are associated with an increased risk of developing atopy and bronchial asthma. Given uncertain functional consequences and low frequencies of these coding variants of FCER1B, we screened for new mutations using 24 subjects with atopic asthma. A common -109C/T polymorphism at the promoter region of FCER1B was identified, although no variant was found in the entire coding region. We genotyped this promoter polymorphism in 226 healthy control subjects and 226 asthmatic subjects using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Allele frequencies were 0.697 for -109T and 0.303 for -109C in 226 healthy control subjects. No significant difference in the distribution of -109C/T polymorphism was found between asthmatic subjects and healthy control subjects. A homozygosity for the -109T allele, however, was associated with increased total serum IgE levels in 226 subjects with asthma (p = 0.0015). The strongest evidence for an association between total serum IgE levels and -109C/T polymorphism (p = 0.0004) was obtained when age at onset of asthma was incorporated into the analysis. Our findings may represent genetic heterogeneity and complex interactions between genetic and environmental components involved in the regulation of total IgE levels, providing evidence that the -109C/T polymorphism of the FCER1B promoter region is one of the genetic factors identified thus far, which affects total serum IgE levels in a Japanese population.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Sarcoidosis].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1999

High serum concentrations of sialyl Tn antigen in carcinomas of the biliary tract and pancreas.

Sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen is a cancer-associated carbohydrate antigen expressed in cancers of the digestive tract. In the present study, we compared the serum level of STn antigen in 14 patients with benign diseases of the biliary tract and pancreas, 15 patients with bile duct cancers, and 9 patients with cancer of the pancreas. High levels of serum STn (>45 U/ml) were frequently detected in patients with carcinoma of the biliary tract (53.3%) or pancreas (55.6%), compared with the detection of high levels in those with benign diseases (14.3%; P < 0.05). Serum levels of STn did not correlate with the presence of jaundice, cholangitis, or pancreatitis, or with the level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9. In cancer tissues, the expression of STn antigen detected by immunostaining correlated significantly with serum STn (P < 0.05). Our results indicate that measurement of serum STn level may be potentially useful for the diagnosis of carcinomas of the biliary tract and pancreas, particularly when combined with other tumor markers such as CEA or CA19-9.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Higher frequencies of numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 in primary gastric cancers are associated with lymph node metastasis.

We investigated the correlation between the frequency of numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer. The copy number of chromosome 17 was examined with fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) in frozen specimens from 100 primary gastric cancers. Chromosomal numerical aberrations were diagnosed as chromosomal loss (single signal) or gain (triple or more signals), in each cell. The frequency of numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 correlated significantly with the depth of invasion (P < 0.01), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.0001), lymphatic invasion (P < 0.001), and venous invasion (P < 0.01). Numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 were associated with lymph node metastasis in 32 early gastric cancers. Multiple regression analysis identified the depth of invasion and numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 as independent significant determinants of lymph node metastasis. Our findings suggest that alterations in chromosome 17 may be linked with tumor progression in primary gastric cancer. Our results also indicate that numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 detected by FISH provide important information about the malignant potential (in particular, lymph node metastasis) of primary gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The angiotensin-converting enzyme DD gene is associated with poor prognosis in Finnish sarcoidosis patients.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotypes may reflect prognosis in sarcoidosis. They were determined in 59 Finnish sarcoidosis patients and 70 healthy control subjects. The prognosis of the sarcoidosis patients was determined after follow-up for 1, 2, 3, 5 and >5 yrs and classified as good (normal chest radiograph and lung function, no signs of extrapulmonary disease activity within 2 yrs from diagnosis), intermediate (neither good nor poor) or poor (persisting unstable pulmonary infiltrates, vital capacity and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide <50% predicted and/or extrapulmonary disease activity after >5 yrs follow-up). The DD, ID and II genotypes were found in 31 and 27%, in 54 and 49%, and in 15 and 24% of patients and control subjects respectively. The odds ratio (DD+ID to II) was 1.45 (95% confidence interval 0.60-3.49). The D alelle was found more often in patients (58%) and in control subjects (51%) than the I allele but the difference was not statistically significant. Statistically significantly more patients with the DD genotype had a poor prognosis compared with patients with II homozygotes and ID heterozygotes. Among 11 patients with Löfgren's syndrome (bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and erythema nodosum), four had the DD genotype. Three of these patients had a prognosis despite presenting a clinical picture usually associated with a good prognosis. The angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype may be a prognostic marker in sarcoidosis and larger studies are warranted to define its clinical utility.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1999

Reduced expression of the alphabeta T-cell antigen receptor by alveolar T-cells.

A previous study revealed that reduced expression (modulation) of the CD3 antigen is a common characteristic of alveolar T-cells in health and disease. As CD3 molecules are noncovalently bound to T-cell antigen receptors (TCR), it was hypothesized that modulation of TCR was also a feature of alveolar T-cells. To demonstrate this, lymphocytes from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were stained with an anti-alphabeta TCR antibody and analysed by flow cytometry. The expression of alphabeta TCR by alveolar T-cells was evaluated by calculating mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) and was compared with alphabeta TCR expression by autologous blood T-cells. As anticipated from a previous study, modulation of TCR was observed not only in healthy volunteers but also in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, other pulmonary diseases, and nonpulmonary diseases. There were no significant differences in MFI of alveolar T-cells among the study groups. The degree of modulation assessed by the difference of MFI between blood and alveolar T-cells was greater for CD4+ cells than for CD8+ cells owing to the higher MFI of CD4+ blood T-cells. Coculture of alveolar macrophages with blood T-cells in vitro induced partial modulation of TCR. These results demonstrate the ubiquity of modulation of T-cell receptors on alveolar T-cells and suggest, in contrast to a previous report by other investigators that it is caused by some nonantigenic mechanism possibly inherent in the alveolar milieu. The implications of this phenomenon in in vivo immune responses of the lung need to be examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Expression of adhesion molecules in hepatic metastases of colorectal carcinoma: relationship to primary tumours and prognosis after hepatic resection.

BACKGROUND: Adhesion molecules are closely involved in the development and growth of metastatic tumours. METHODS: We examined the expression of two adhesion molecules in liver metastatic tumours originating from colorectal carcinomas and correlated the expression of E-cadherin (EC) and CD44 variant exon 6 (v6) in these tumours with prognosis after hepatic resection. We examined 39 primary colorectal and 44 liver metastatic tumours obtained from 39 patients and 30 non-metastatic colorectal carcinomas as controls. The expression of EC in primary colorectal carcinomas of the metastasis group was significantly lower than in the non-metastasis group (P < 0.05). The expression of EC was low in metastatic liver tumours. RESULTS: The expression of CD44v6 in primary colorectal carcinomas of the metastasis group was significantly higher than in the non-metastasis group (P < 0.01). Expression of CD44v6 was high in metastatic liver tumours. However, there was no correlation between the expression of EC and CD44v6 or between each of these molecules and clinicopathological features of primary and metastatic tumours. Negative expression of EC and CD44v6 was a poor prognostic factor for survival after hepatic resection. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that the lack of expression of EC and CD44v6 in liver metastases of colorectal cancer is associated with poor survival after surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Differentiation of human single-positive fetal thymocytes in vitro into IL-4- and/or IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

In this study we have investigated the capacity of human fetal thymocytes to differentiate in vitro into subsets of T cells with polarized Th1 or Th2 cytokine profiles. Stimulation of freshly isolated human fetal thymocytes with anti-CD3 mAb, cross-linked onto CD32,CD58,CD80-expressing mouse fibroblasts and subsequent culture in the presence of exogenous rIL-2 for 6 days, induced the production of both IL-4 and IFN-gamma, which was mainly produced by CD4+ single-positive (SP) and CD8+ SP cells respectively. Addition of rIL-4 during priming augmented IL-4 production in cultures of human fetal thymocytes, which was mainly due to an increased production of IL-4 by CD8SP cells. In contrast, addition of IL-4 to the cultures only slightly enhanced IL-4 production and had little effect on frequencies of IL-4-producing CD4SP cells. Both CD4SP and CD8SP cells produced IL-5, IL-10 and IL-13 at comparable levels, following priming in the presence of rIL-4. Priming in the presence of rIL-12 strongly enhanced the production of IFN-gamma in both CD4SP and CD8SP cells. No correlation between expression of CD27, CD30 and CD60, and a particular cytokine profile of differentiated thymocytes could be demonstrated. Together, these results demonstrate the full capacity of fetal human thymocytes to differentiate into cytokine-producing T cells in a priming milieu with appropriate stimulatory molecules and exogenous cytokines. In addition, CD4SP thymocytes rapidly differentiate into polarized Th2 cells following stimulation in vitro in the absence of exogenous rIL-4.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Natural killer cell subpopulations and cytotoxicity for infertile patients undergoing in vitro fertilization.

PROBLEM: We evaluated the participation of the lymphocyte subpopulations in the endometrium and peripheral blood on in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) outcomes. METHOD OF STUDY: Peripheral blood samples were analyzed for the expression of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, and CD56, using a FACScan, and for natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, using a 51Cr assay. Endometrial samples obtained at a previous phase of the IVF cycle were analyzed for the expression of CD16 and CD56, using a FACScan. RESULTS: The percentages of CD56+ cells and CD16+CD56+ cells in the peripheral blood on the day of ET were significantly higher in the failed group than in the implanted group. In the endometrial tissue, the increase of the percentage of CD16+CD56dim cells and the decrease of the percentage of CD16-CD56bright cells in the aborted group were significant when compared with the those of the delivered group. CONCLUSIONS: The increase of cytotoxic NK cells in the peripheral blood and the endometrium may affect the therapeutic results of IVF-ET. It was suggested that modifications of NK cytotoxicity or of NK subpopulations might contribute to the improvements of IVF outcomes.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The role of the C-C chemokine receptor 2 gene polymorphism V64I (CCR2-64I) in sarcoidosis in a Japanese population.

A number of chemokines are produced by alveolar cells in the course of inflammatory reactions of sarcoidosis. C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) is a prominent receptor for the monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP) group of C-C chemokines. A transition causing a valine to isoleucine substitution in transmembrane domain I of the CCR2 gene (CCR2-64I) that has a protective effect against the progression of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) disease has been described. To elucidate the role of this CCR2 polymorphism in sarcoidosis, we investigated the distribution of the CCR2-64I in 100 subjects with sarcoidosis (40.2 +/- 18.6 yr [mean +/- SD], 37:63 [male:female]) and 122 healthy control subjects (44.4 +/- 14.1 yr, 75:47). The distribution of the CCR2-64I allele was significantly different between subjects with sarcoidosis and healthy control subjects (p < 0.001). The presence of the CCR2-64I allele conferred a lower risk for the development of sarcoidosis (adjusted odds ratio = 0.369, 95% CI = 0.203 to 0.673). Our study suggests that this polymorphism may play a role in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, and further studies are needed to define the role of CCR2-64I.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Pulmonary nocardiosis associated with Cushing's syndrome].

A 54-year-old man was admitted for further investigation of multiple nodules disclosed by a chest roentgenogram. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing's syndrome was diagnosed because serum ACTH and serum cortisol levels were elevated with a loss of diurnal rhythm. Because several extensive examinations, including inferior petrosal sinus sampling, did not detest ACTH-producing tumors, the patient was also given a diagnosis of occult ectopic ACTH syndrome. The nodules disclosed on chest roentgenograms increased gradually in size and number, and some were cavitary. Bronchial secretion samples obtained by fiberoptic bronchoscopy contained numerous Nocardia asteroides bacteria. After treatment with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, the nodules gradually disappeared, leaving only scars. Although mitotane had been continuously administered to inhibit the synthesis of intrinsic corticosteroids, pulmonary nocardiosis relapsed in the patient following the termination of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim therapy.

ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic↗
PubMed1999

[Comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (1997). II. Background of patients].

Clinical background was investigated on patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) from whom 603 bacterial strains were isolated in 9 hospitals during the period from June, 1997 through May, 1998. 1. Distribution of age and sex of patients and type of infections Among males, those with ages less than 50 years were only 12.5%, and those in the 70's were most frequent (33.3%). Among females, those with ages less than 20 years were only 3.4%, and those in the 60's were the most frequent (22.9%). With regard to type of infections, more than a half of infections among males with ages 50 years or older were of complicated types, but most of infections among females were of uncomplicated types, especially those of ages less than 50 years. 2. Ages of patients and types of pathogens Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated in uncomplicated and complicated UTIs without indwelling catheters. In complicated UTIs with indwelling catheters, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis had mainly detected, they had no relationship with ages. 3. Effect of antibiotic use on isolation frequencies of pathogens Use of antibiotics decreased pathogens isolated from patients with uncomplicated UTIs drastically (183 isolates before antibiotics compared to 13 after). Even isolated pathogens from patients with complicated UTIs decreased drastically with the use of antibiotics when indwelling catheters were not in use (175 isolates before antibiotics compared to 53 after), but when indwelling catheters were in use, antibiotics slightly decreased (109 isolates before antibiotics compared to 70 after). 4. Surgical procedures and types of causative organisms for UTIs E. faecalis were more isolated when a surgical procedures were used, and E. coli were more isolated when, they were not used in uncomplicated and complicated UTIs without indwelling catheters. In complicated UTIs with indwelling catheters, E. coli and E. faecalis were more isolated when a surgical procedures were used, and P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were more isolated when they were not used.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Identification of two alpha-subunit species of GTP-binding proteins, Galpha15 and Galphaq, expressed in rat taste buds.

We cloned cDNAs for two G protein alpha-subunits belonging to the Galphaq family, each capable of activating PLCbeta, from rat tongue. One is a Galphaq in the narrow sense, and the other, termed rat Galpha15, is a rat counterpart of mouse Galpha15, sharing an amino acid sequence similarity of 94%. RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis demonstrated that rat Galpha15 and Galphaq were distinctly expressed in tongue epithelia containing taste buds. Immunostaining also showed that rat Galpha15, together with the Galphaq, was localized mainly in taste buds. These studies suggest the possibility that these two Galpha proteins function for taste signal transduction in sensory cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Physiologic stress responses to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A comparison of the gasless and pneumoperitoneal procedures.

BACKGROUND: Differences in the physiological stress response to pneumoperitoneal (PP) and gasless abdominal wall-lifting (AWL) procedures used for laparoscopic cholecystectomy have not been properly evaluated. METHODS: We compared leukocyte count, interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, arterial blood gases, creatinine clearance, plasma renin activity, cardiothoracic ratio, and clinical outcome in 27 patients without systemic complications who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, including 11 by AWL and 16 by PP. RESULTS: Transient leukocytosis and high IL-6 levels were observed at POD 1 (postoperative day) in both groups, but both values returned to baseline by POD 2. IL-6 levels correlated significantly with operation time (p < 0.01). Changes in blood gases, creatinine clearance, plasma renin activity, and cardiothoracic ratio were not different for the two groups. The clinical outcome was similar for both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that both PP and AWL are appropriate for patients without serious complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Molecular studies of bronchial asthma, sarcoidosis and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough.

The role of genetic factors was reviewed with respect to the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma, sarcoidosis and cough induced by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor administration. The so-called 'atopy gene' in 11q13 is not linked to atopy but is associated with serum IgE levels. The beta2-adrenergic receptor gene on 5q32-33 was found to have polymorphism by Ban I and to be related to beta2-receptor function; a defect of a 2.3 kb allele is related to lowered sensitivity to beta2-agonists. This defect is also related to higher prevalence on non-atopic bronchial asthma. The occurrence of amino acid mutation (Arg16 to Gly) of beta2-receptors was lower and Gln27 to Glu mutation is extremely rare in the Japanese population compared with Caucasians. There is polymorphism of ACE genotypes among normal subjects and patients with sarcoidosis, II, ID and DD. The genotype is a significant determinant of serum ACE activity and may determine the prognosis of sarcoid patients. Genotype II has a higher incidence of coughing induced by ACE inhibitors.

Alleles↗