[Infectious endocarditis caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
E Witt
Publications and source records attributed to E Witt.
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms at the apoprotein genes AI, CIII and B-100 and in the 5' flanking region of the insulin gene as possible markers of coronary heart disease.
Several sequence variations were examined for being endogenous "risk markers" in the development of CHD. The "markers" in this study included: the PstI-SstI RFLPs in the apo AI-CIII gene cluster, the EcoRI-MspI RFLPs in the apo B100 gene and the SstI RFLP in the 5' flanking region of the insulin gene. The study population comprised 700 individuals of German origin. A strong association of these "markers" to the disease phenotype predicts their loss in healthy individuals with ages above that of the prevalent incidence of CHD. In contrast, these "markers" should accumulate in diseased persons. A significant age-dependent selection was observed for the EcoRI RFLP in the apo B100 gene. This was the case when the allele and genotype frequencies of healthy old individuals were compared with those of newborns. In contrast, no RFLP showed significant differences in allele and genotype distributions between patients defined by coronary angiography and controls. In the group of patients, but not controls, several RFLP genotypes were found to be associated with significantly higher serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. This was true in the case of serum cholesterol comparing the genotypes S1S2 with those of S1S1 (p = 0.05) observed for the SstI polymorphic site in the 3' noncoding region of the apo CIII gene. Significantly higher levels of triglycerides were found within the heterozygous patients P1P2 (p = 0.045) and S1S2 (p = 0.02) than in the homozygotes P1P1 and S1S1 for the PstI-SstI RFLPs at the apo AI-CIII gene cluster.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aged↗
Vitamin E inhibits protein oxidation in skeletal muscle of resting and exercised rats.
It is well known that exercise induces lipid peroxidation in skeletal muscle and that vitamin E prevents exercise-induced lipid damage. In this study we show for the first time, an increase in protein oxidation in skeletal muscle after a single bout of exercise, related to an exercise-induced decrease in lipophilic antioxidants, and substantial protection against both resting and exercise-induced protein oxidation by supplementation with various isomers (alpha-tocopherol, alpha-tocotrienol) of vitamin E.
Animals↗
[The facial profile and personality picture in children].
Facial skeletal malformations may not only lead to impaired function, but also diminish psychosocial well-being. Negative social experiences often arise from stereotyped character judgments such as those connected with the profile of the jaw. In this study, 146 orthodontic patients aged between nine and 14 years and student control subjects judged silhouettes of typical Angle class I, II/1 and III profiles on the basis of semantic differential and sociometric choice techniques. Moreover, the satisfaction of the subjects with the appearance of their heads and bodies, as well as their self-perceived personalities, were assessed with the aid of psychological inventories. Class II/1 profiles were characterised as rather shy, reserved, and melancholic, while to class III profiles were attributed reduced social acceptance and less popularity at school. In general, judgement of the silhouette profiles proved to be independent of the judge's own profile. Thus, the existence of trait stereotypes vis-á-vis class II/1 and class III profiles can be confirmed experimentally in children, too. The impact of social stereotypes on psychological well-being, however, is likely to be modified by numerous factors, in particular by social interaction.
Adolescent↗
[Recommended times for wearing removable appliances--the results of a survey].
Since prescribed wear times of removable appliances are, in combination with comfort, relevant to compliance, a questionnaire on the prevalence, the nature and the differentiation of such prescriptions in active orthodontic treatment was sent to 300 orthodontists selected at random among the members of the German Orthodontic Society. On the basis of 172 responses (response rate 57.5%), the following results were obtained: In eight to 16-years olds "active" treatment is administered with Schwartz plates in an average of 43.7%, and with functional orthopaedic appliances in an average of 37.6% of the cases, the classical activator (61.1%) and the bionator (58.7%) being used most frequently. Particular times of day or night are prescribed as wear times by some 60% of responders, while others prescribe merely a certain number of hours of daily wear. Identical prescriptions are given to the majority of patients by 86.6%, and are unchanged throughout the course of active treatment by 73.8%. Wear times actually prescribed average 15 (functional appliances) and 16 hours (plates) daily, while the minimum wear time considered necessary for successful treatment averages 12.8 for functional appliances and 13.9 for plates.
Germany↗
[The determinants of wear behavior in treatment with removable orthodontic appliances].
The interplay of significant determinants of patient appliance wear is discussed in terms of a conceptual model reflecting the current state of research in orthodontic compliance. Appliance wear is determined by treatment-related factors such as regimen and perceived comfort, as well as by external factors such as patient personality and parental attitudes. Patient attitudes are the critical link between these influences. In the focus of this article are the patient's experiences and perceptions of treatment and the way they are affected by appliance and prescribed wear. Furthermore, possible measures to enhance compliance are highlighted.
Child↗
A new protein conjugate that replaces the use of secondary antibodies engineered from the two staphylococcal enzymes protein A and 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase.
The lacG gene encoding the 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase (E.C.3.2.1.85) of Staphylococcus aureus was fused to the protein A gene in the plasmid pRIT2T. Escherichia coli cells containing this plasmid produce a fusion protein with both IgG binding and 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase activities after heat induction. The recombinant gene was overexpressed and the hybrid protein was purified to homogeneity in high yield. The chimeric protein was shown to have almost identical enzymatic characteristics to pure 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase. This result leads to the conclusion that a free N-terminus of the 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase is not required for biological activity. The hybrid protein of protein A and 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase was used as an enzyme conjugate in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The experiments presented demonstrate that the 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase is a suitable fusion partner in various diagnostic applications where an unique biological activity is required.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Ultraviolet light-induced generation of vitamin E radicals and their recycling. A possible photosensitizing effect of vitamin E in skin.
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) is the major lipid-soluble chain-breaking antioxidant of membranes. Its UV-absorbance spectrum (lambda max 295 nm) extends well into the solar spectrum. We hypothesize that in skin alpha-tocopherol may absorb solar UV light and generate tocopheroxyl radicals. Reduction of tocopheroxyl radicals by other antioxidants (e.g. ascorbate, thiols) will regenerate (recycle) vitamin E at the expense of their own depletion. Hence, vitamin E in skin may act in two conflicting manners upon solar illumination: in addition to its antioxidant function as a peroxyl radical scavenger, it may act as an endogenous photosensitizer, enhancing light-induced oxidative damage. To test this hypothesis, we have illuminated various systems (methanol-buffer dispersions, liposomes and skin homogenates) containing alpha-tocopherol or its homologue with a shorter 6-carbon side chain, chromanol-alpha-C6 with UV light closely matching solar UV light, in the presence or absence of endogenous or exogenous reductants. We found that: (i) alpha-tocopheroxyl (chromanoxyl) radicals are directly generated by solar UV light in model systems (methanol-water dispersions, liposomes) and in skin homogenates; (ii) reducing antioxidants (ascorbate, ascorbate+dihydrolipoic acid) can donate electrons to alpha-tocopheroxyl (chromanoxyl) radicals providing for vitamin E (chromanol-alpha-C6) recycling; (iii) recycling of UV-induced alpha-tocopheroxyl radicals depletes endogenous antioxidant pools (accelerates ascorbate oxidation); (iv) beta-carotene, a non-reducing antioxidant, is not active in alpha-tocopherol recycling, and its UV-dependent depletion is unaffected by vitamin E.
Animals↗
[Wearing time duration in orthodontics].
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Humans↗
[The long-term results in orthodontic closure of a gap in the anterior teeth--the functional status].
In a follow-up study, the functional and occlusal status of patients after orthodontic space closure of missing incisors is compared with those who were not orthodontically treated. The investigation involved a method of instrument registration of TMJ function. The findings show that occlusion of our former patients in various mandibular positions is slightly different from ideal occlusal concept and we found no increased functional risk in this kind of treatment. In cases with missing incisors, orthodontic space closure that avoids prosthetic procedures should be taken into consideration.
Adult↗
[Periodontal and esthetic aspects of orthodontic frontal space closure--results of a long-term study].
In this study follow-up results of patients are presented, who have been treated in cases of missing incisors by orthodontic space closure. The statements of clinical examinations, casts, intra- and extraoral photographies, x-rays, periodontal examinations and questionnaires pointed out, that the abnormal position of the moved teeth do not interfere with the periodontal tissues. Should the occasion arise of correction by crowns or by grinding, the patients consider the abnormal positioned teeth as esthetical.
Adult↗
[The potentials and limits of orthodontic treatment for adults].
Progress in orthognathic surgery as well as the special methods now available for proper setting of osteotomic segments, diagnostic aids and therapeutic possibilities of orthodontics have considerably strengthened the case today for giving adults a combined treatment. The treatment provides patients with the requisite sense of functional and aesthetic rehabilitation. Follow-up studies confirm the success of treatment combining therapy and surgery.
Adult↗
[The functional findings before and after a combined orthodontic and oral surgical treatment of Angle class-III patients].
The functional status of 25 adults with severe Angle class III maxillofacial disorders is described by anamnestic data and results of clinical as well as electronic-instrumental functional analysis. The examination was done shortly before surgical correction and after completion of the postoperative orthodontic treatment, whereby a significant reduction of TMJ clicking and more frequent nasal breathing were observed. Postoperative results of the clinical examination are characterized by fewer patients with TMJ symptoms and with lateral deviation of the mandible during mouth opening. Additionally an improved range of mandibular movement was noted. The electronic-instrumental functional analysis shows no risk of displacement of the condyle associated with surgical orthodontic treatment. The horizontal inclination of the condylar guidance (condyle path inclination) increases significantly after surgery.
Activator Appliances↗
[The wear-timing measuring device in orthodontics--cui bono? Reflections on the state-of-the-art in wear-timing measurement and compliance research in orthodontics].
The recent development of fully functioning timing devices has yielded a new impulse to scientific research on orthodontic compliance. In contrast, promises and risks of the practical application of timing devices have thus far largely gone unheeded. In this survey, possible benefits of this new device are considered along with a critical discussion of technical and sociopsychological issues of its practical application. Following a review of the current state of orthodontic timing technology, basic implications of the collection and utilization of this new type of data are outlined. Short- and long-term perspectives of objective measurement of compliance are presented in terms of optimized treatment devices, enhanced patient compliance and improved orthodontist-patient relations. An evaluation project on benefits and risks of orthodontic timing devices is being called for.
Electronics, Medical↗
Subjective appraisal of orthodontic practices. An investigation into perceived practice characteristics associated with patient and parent treatment satisfaction.
Based on a comprehensive in-practice questionnaire survey among 254 school-age patients and their parents, the subjective perception and evaluation of orthodontic care was investigated. By means of refined statistical analysis, three types of practice showing significantly distinct image profiles were identified. Likewise, the set of discriminating variables was reduced and assigned to the fundamental concepts of 'interpersonal satisfaction' and 'perceived efficacy' which appeared to play a crucial part in the crystallization of both patients' and parents' contentedness with the treatment received. To take account of the interdependence of instrumental and social factors, a model of perceived practice similarity is suggested; its significance regarding treatment decisions and future research efforts is pointed out.
Adolescent↗
The functional status of orthodontically treated prognathic patients.
In order to study the prevalence of mandibular dysfunction in orthodontically treated prognathic patients after retention, 60 randomly selected patients were examined clinically. The functional status of the patients was evaluated using the anamnestic, clinical dysfunction index, and the index for occlusal status introduced by Helkimo. Our patients showed a better functional status than the untreated prognathic patients, but one poorer than that of the general population. No difference, as demonstrated by indices, could be found between chin-cup and non chin-cup group, or between the conservatively treated and surgically treated prognathic patients without pre-orthodontic treatment.
Adolescent↗
TMJ function with and without orthodontic treatment.
In order to evaluate the functional status of the stomatognathic system of former orthodontic patients, a review of current literature is given. In addition, a sample of orthodontically-treated subjects and a control group was investigated by means of clinical functional analysis. The figures found in the literature and the results of this study failed to reveal orthodontic treatment as a frequent cause of stomatognathic dysfunction symptoms. Instead, we found the functional status and occlusal parameters of our former orthodontic patients to be more harmonious than in the control group.
Adult↗
[Initial attitudes to orthodontic treatment--the results of a practical and clinical questionnaire study (I)].
312 patients from one clinic and nine offices, between eight and 15 years of age treated with bionators, their parents and a control group were questioned on various aspects of their treatment. Findings regarding opinions about dentofacial appearance, initial motives and expectations are presented. Aesthetic motives proved preponderant by seeking treatment though the children's ability to verbally differentiate aesthetic concepts was poor. Above all, they expected visible treatment progress, absence of appliance-caused psychosomatic impairment and rather factual information than personal communication with the orthodontist.
Activator Appliances↗