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Biomedical subjects

E Weber

Publications and source records attributed to E Weber.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Growth rate of 147 mammary carcinomas.

In 147 cases of mammary carcinoma, 388 serial mammographies were performed before final treatment. The average retrospective observation time was 27 months with a range of two months to 11 years. The number of serial mammographies per case ranged between two and 11. The tumor volume doubling times (TV); obtained by measuring the growth of the tumor nucleus shadow in the mammographies, ranged from 44 to 1869 days with an average of 212 days. No correlation between volume doubling time and histologic differentiation could be found. One hundred of these cancer patients were found in a screening population of 22,000 women receiving serial mammographies in a time period ranging from two to 16 years. An additional 40 cancer patients surfaced in this group without roentgenologic but with foregoing clinical or thermographic abnormalities before final diagnosis. An additional 21 cancer patients surfaced without any foregoing abnormalities. The follow-up tumor ranged between three months and two years with a mean time of one year and nine months. Not considering tumor size, pathologic-thermographic signs appeared with greater frequency the faster the tumor grew. Theoretically, an average of more than 16 years should elapse before an initial tumor cell develops into a 10-mm primary mammary carcinoma (30 doubling times). Therefore the length of time necessary for a 2-mm tumor to grow to a size of 10-mm is, on the average, four years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[The effects of nicotine on the circulation and metabolism after cigarette smoking with reference to the plasma levels of nicotine and COHb (author's transl)].

The effects after smoking cigarettes with different nicotine content (1.5 mg and 0.08 mg nicotine/cigarette) were investigated in 6 healthy habitual smokers. Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and plasma nicotine levels were determined at the same time as circulatory parameters, heart rate and blood pressure together with metabolic parameters like blood sugar, lactate, free fatty acids and plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and plasma cortisol. With the exception of COHb the parameters investigated were shown to be dependent on the nicotine levels. For blood pressure, heart rate and lactate the peaks appeared simultaneously with the maximum nicotine levels, whereas for DBH, cortisol, blood sugar and the free fatty acids there was a delayed reaction in comparison with the nicotine levels. The parameters investigated are not affected by COHb with levels up to 5.6 +/- 0.5%. These results show that after cigarette smoking, nicotine causes considerable changes in the circulation and metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Immunoreactivities of gastrin (G-) cells. I. dilution-dependent staining of G-cells by antisera and non-immune sera.

Results of immunocytochemical studies reported by several laboratories suggest that gastrin (G-) cells of the stomach show immunoreactivities for various pituitary hormones (ACTH, met-enkephalin, beta-endorphin and growth hormone) in addition to gastrin. By reinvestigating the immunocytochemistry of G-cells we found that these cells exhibited reactivities towards a variety of antisera against enteric, pancreatic and hypophyseal hormones. Gastrin cells can also be "immunostained" by antisera towards proteins unrelated to any peptide hormones (e.g. alpha-fetoprotein antiserum) and by nonimmune sera. Thus the specificity of immunocytochemical findings in G-cells seems to be uncertain. According to our findings the polyvalent immunoreactivities of G-cells may be caused by a distinct binding capacity for IgG molecules. This binding of IgG to G-cells seems to be mediated by the Fab fragments of the IgG molecules which may behave like a basic dye and therefore "immunostain" anionic components within G-cells. Thus the significance of the immunocytochemical proof of peptide hormones within G-cells is limited unless extended specificity controls have been performed. The results of specificity controls performed in this study (adsorption controls, use of ascending dilutions of the primary and secondary antisera, comparison of crude antisera and affinity chromatographically purified antibodies) suggest that corticotropin-lipotropin related peptides are not contained in G-cells.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1980

Is the diurnal increase of fibrinolytic activity influenced by alpha- or beta-adrenergic blockade?

The diurnal increase of fibrinolytic activity in the forenoon was investigated after alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockade in 15 volunteers. Four milligrams propranolol was injected i. v. alone or in combination with 20 mg phentolamine. Neither the beta-blocking agent, propranolol, nor the combination with the alpha-blocker, phentolamine, had any significant effect on the diurnal increase of fibrinolytic activity.

Circadian Rhythm↗
PubMed1980

Acute cardiovascular reactions after cigarette smoking.

The effect of cigarette smoking on the cardiovascular system was determined in the following way: Two cigarettes of relatively high (1.54 mg) and very low (0.08 mg) nicotine content were smoked and compared to sham smoking. After inhalation under standardized conditions there was a relatively high increase of the plasma nicotine levels and a subsequent exponential decrease. Two hours after smoking the levels were still elevated. After 2 low nicotine cigarettes there was a significant small short-term increase. The changes of the pulse rate were directly related to the nicotine levels and the pulse pressure transit time from the heart to the calf and the digital blood flow was indirectly related to them. The regulation of these parameters is exactly related with the nicotine levels probably through the release of catecholamines. The cardiovascular reactions after smoking may indicate the additional myocardial work load after cigarettes of different nicotine content.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Immunocytochemical characterization of enteric hormones (author's transl)].

As yet 16 different polypeptide have been found in the gastrointestinal tract. Definite entero-endocrine cell types classified mainly by ultrastructural features were identified--more or less reliable--as the cellular sources of certain enteric hormones. Concerning the immunocytochemical characterization of enteric hormones and the identification of entero-endocrine cells responsible for the synthesis of enteric hormones, however, several peculiarities have to be taken into consideration. These included similarities certain enteric hormones on the one hand and similarities in the ultrastructure of entero-endocrine cell type on the other as well as peculiarities with respect to immunoreactivities of entero-endocrine cells (e.g. the ability of certain entero-endocrine cell types to bind immunoglobulins unspecifically). Apart from the immunocytochemical identification of entero-endocrine cells at the ultrastructural level further investigations in this field should deal with the immunocytochemical localization of hormone precursor substances. Thus the multitude of enteric hormones and entero-endocrine cell types may be reduced to some "basic" types. Finally, investigations on enteric polypeptide hormones seem to be a wider interest in biology and medicine since some of these hormones are also located in the central and peripheral nervous system. These peptides may represent a system of chemical messengers utilized in the body as hormones, neurotransmitters and paracrine (i.e. local acting) substances.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Biphasic initial phase of platelet aggregation inhibition after oral aspirin.

For one hour after the ingestion of 1 g aspirin the pharmacodynamics of acetylsalicylic acid with regard to the inhibition of platelet aggregation were studied in nine healthy male volunteers. Plasma salicylic acid (SA) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) levels were measured, and platelet aggregation was controlled by the collagen-induced aggregation. It took 12 - 24 minutes till the maximum of platelet aggregation inhibition was reached; maximal inhibition was only observed with ASA levels above 4.5 /microgram/ml and total ASA levels above 10 /microgram/ml. At that time already more than 50% of the total ASA were hydrolysed to minimally active SA. In spite of further increasing ASA levels inhibition of platelet aggregation decreased again. The different sensitivity of platelet- and vessel wall cyclooxygenase to aspirin does not explain our findings.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

[Placebos].

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Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1979

[Synergism].

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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗