Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Vitte

Publications and source records attributed to E Vitte.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The commissuro-mamillary plane in MRI of the brain (preliminary communication)

MRI sections of the brain in the coronal plane through the line joining the anterior commissure and the mamillary bodies display the constituent parts of the basal forebrain. The visualisation of the septal nuclei and the anterior columns of the fornix show the importance of this plane in the study of behaviour disorders and amnesic syndromes.

Brain↗
PubMed1989

Radiological studies in trigeminal nerve pathology.

The authors have used CT scans and MRI to study pathology in anatomical and radiological correlations of brain slices. The CT scan was particularly useful for studying structures at the skull base, although at the level of the posterior fossa such scans could visualize only those tumors that were larger than 8 mm. even after injection. The CT scan was found to be the most useful examination before surgery for facial neuralgia. In contrast MRI gave a precise cisternal course of the trigeminal nerve and its relations with vascular structures.

Cranial Nerve Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and provocative maneuvers].

Main features of the benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (B.P.P.V.) are: latency before the onset of vertigo, nystagmus of the rotatory type beating toward the lower ear, nystagmus tires out, nystagmus gets inverted when the head is brought back to orthostatism, nystagmus is reproducible as many times as the position is taken. B.P.P.V. is due to a deposit of heavy material on the cupula of the posterior semi circular canal. In this unusual condition, the cupula moves under the effect of gravity acceleration. The goal of the treatment is to free the cupula. The manoeuvre consists after determination of the position that elicits the vertigo to move the whole head and body together of the patient to a 180 degree opposite position in which the addition to the endolymph flow forces and weight forces of the material will unstick it from the cupula. The positive result of the manoeuvre is instantly proved by the arising of a rotatory nystagmus beating again toward the sick ear. In other words it is not the inversion of the primary nystagmus but a nystagmus beating the same direction. This is explained by the dynamic of the cupula: in the prime position the density modified cupula moves toward the canal. At the end of the manoeuvre when the velocity of the head is zero, the cupula has to support different forces. First the addition of the endolymph flow forces and the inertia of the heavy material makes the cupula move toward the ampulla. Secondly when the superficial tension forces are too high the heavy material unstick from the cupula and it goes back to its normal position. En this very moment the cupula moves toward the canal. The results are of more than 90% positive in one ore two sessions 4,2% of recurrence. The manoeuvre is unsuccessful in spontaneous nystagmus revealed by a position, in torsional nystagmus as in fistulas or in central position nystagmus.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Anatomical study of digital compression of the vertebral artery at its origin and at the suboccipital triangle.

Manual compression of the vertebral artery is used in routine clinical practice for diagnosis of positional hemodynamic vertebro-basilar insufficiency (VBI). The supraclavicular and suboccipital areas were carefully dissected in 20 cadavers. Anatomical variations observed on dissection were compared to angiographic data from 150 patients and data from the literature. Objective results of manual compression of the vertebral artery can be obtained by sonography. In patients with VBI, such compression induces signs of reversible cerebellar or brain stem ischemia, whereas no signs are observed in patients without VBI.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1983

[Morphometric study of the piririform aperture].

The piriform aperture or enter orifice of the nose may be too small, creating an obstacle for inspirated flow. The functional disturbance realised has been described as the "syndrome of aspiration of the nasal ala". The present study has been made on 100 skulls. We have measured the dimensions of the piriform aperture, calculated a "form index" and searched a correlation between the morphology of this aperture and the morphology of the skull. It appears that the form and the dimensions of the piriform aperture depend on the ethnic origin and not on the cranial anthropologic type. The surface of the piriform aperture can be calculated on a radiological examination. The dimensions and the form of the piriform aperture must be correlated with the morphology of the nasal pyramid. Knowledge of the dimensions of the piriform aperture is useful for diagnosis of functional rhinologic disturbances.

Anthropology, Physical↗
PubMed1983

[Measurement of the latencies of voluntary and corrective ocular saccades. Value in otoneurology].

The delay between the stimulus and the voluntary eye saccade is the only parameter of the saccadic system which can be measured by using standard apparatus. Taking manually the measurements made on records obtained by using minicomputer; the authors show that such manual measurement of latencies is easy and yet sufficiently accurate to be of great clinical value. The latencies of voluntary saccades are normal in peripheral pathology (less than 250 milliseconds). Latencies of voluntary saccades are significantly increased in extrinsic brain stem lesions: tumours (in particular ponto cerebellar tumours), meningitis, head injury; but the velocity of the saccade is normal. This effect goes in parallel with impairement of the smooth pursuit. In intrinsic brain stem lesions (multiple sclerosis, acute brain stem stroke, oculomotor paralysis) latencies are increased bilaterally and above all, there is a significant slowing of the saccade. The role of fatigue increased latencies in some patients of this series. Two populations can be discerned in vestibular neuritis: one normal and one with abnormal smooth pursuit and increased saccadic latencies.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Physiological and clinical recall on equilibrium disorders].

Static and dynamic equilibrium (posture and gait) is indispensable for a normal behavior in human. Its mechanisms are nearly the same in superior species and in man, but humans are the only ones to have acquired exclusively biped upright position and gait. Equilibrium is a sensory function involving 3 sub systems: visual, vestibular and sensori-motor (proprioceptive), controlled by cerebellum and cerebral structures. Information coming from those 3 sub systems must be concordant. In case of discordance, the patient is in a state of sensory conflict. This conflict can induce disequilibrium or true vertigo. After a recall on equilibrium, the authors report the results of an epidemiologic study upon 5298 patients suffering of balance disorders and treated by an alpha-blocker: nicergoline (30 mg/day during 6 months).

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of vestibular function by videonystagmoscopy.

Videonystagmoscopy has been used to subjectively observe the responses of the vestibular system in a population of patients with vestibular deficits. These results were compared with those of a control group of healthy, age-matched volunteers. The videonystagmoscopy device is made of one or two CCD cameras mounted on lightproof goggles, allowing a subjective observation of ocular movements on a video monitor. The eye movements, as well as the position of the head in space, can be recorded on videotape. The eyes are illuminated by infrared light emitting diodes placed on each side of the camera lens. The subjects are seated on a manually driven Barany chair. Subjects went through a protocol of passive roll head tilt on each side, followed by a slow, whole body rotation of 180 degrees amplitude, clockwise and counterclockwise, and then a head shaking test (HST). The eyes were subjectively observed, and we focussed on: torsional eye movements during head tilt, nystagmus when the rotation had stopped, and nystagmus induced by HST. With this simple and noninvasive examining procedure, screening of vestibular function at the bedside or during E.N.T. clinical investigations is possible.

Computer Terminals↗