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Biomedical subjects

E Velasco

Publications and source records attributed to E Velasco.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Evaluation of gingival and periodontal conditions following causal periodontal treatment in patients treated with nifedipine and diltiazem.

It is established that phenytoin, cyclosporin and some calcium antagonists produce gingival overgrowth, but it is not known how this condition may respond to causal periodontal treatment. In order to find out, a longitudinal study was carried out, over a year, comparing a group of patients who were given nifedipine (NG, n = 18) and another group who were given diltiazem (DG, n = 13) with 2 others: one comprised cardiopathic patients who took no calcium antagonists (CG, n = 12) and the other contained patients who were medically healthy, with moderate periodontitis (HG, n = 12). On their basal visit, they were examined and instructed in oral hygiene, and then given causal periodontal treatment, being seen again at 4 and 8 months, when hygiene instructions were reinforced. They were seen for the last time at 12 months, when they were again examined. Groups NG and DG, on their basal visit, showed larger gum size than groups HG and CG, which was statistically significant; on their final visit, these differences remained only at the interproximal level. The number of patients with gingival overgrowth-taking the average of group HG as a minimal value-was much higher in groups CG (92%), DG (100%) and NG (89%) on the basal visit; on the final visit, the differences remained only in groups DG (85%) and NG (83%). The probing pocket depth reduction was much greater in groups HG and CG than in DG and NG, basically due to a greater gaining on clinical attachment level. The % of sites in which the pocket depth improved by more than 2 mm was 39.8% in HG, 54.5% in CG, 23.7% in DG and 28.7% in NG. The % of sites where the attachment gain by more than 2 mm was 46.2% in HG, 55.5% in CG, 22.8% in DG and 21.4% in NG. The amount of plaque and bleeding on probing, which was similar in all groups on the basal visit, decreased throughout the study, especially between the basal and 2nd visit in groups HG and CG. We have demonstrated that patients that take nifedipine and diltiazem show a larger gum size and their response to causal periodontal treatment is poorer than in the healthy and the cardiac groups.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Linkage disequilibrium between four intragenic polymorphic microsatellites of the NF1 gene and its implications for genetic counselling.

Four intragenic polymorphic microsatellite markers, AAAT Alu repeat, IVS27AC28.4, ACI27.2, and IVS38GT53.0, located along a 65 kb DNA region of the NF1 gene, were used to genotype 64 Spanish families with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Linkage disequilirium between each pair of markers was evaluated. Three of these markers, AAAT Alu repeat, ACI27.2, and IVS38GT53.0, exhibit linkage disequilibrium between each other. Analysis of extended haplotypes provides further evidence of the disequilibrium within this region since only 11 haplotypes account for 52% of the total chromosomes. Because of linkage disequilibrium, the informativeness of marker combinations for genotyping of NF1 families is diminished. There was no difference in the overall distribution of alleles between affected and normal chromosomes. An at risk haplotype was not found, as expected for a disease with at least 50% of cases being sporadic.

Alleles↗
PubMed1995

Successful treatment of catheter-related fusarial infection in immunocompromised children.

Fusarium infection is increasingly reported in immunocompromised patients. The role of central venous catheters as potential portals of entry for Fusarium is possibly underestimated. Four cases of catheter-related fusarial infection in children with acute leukemia or a solid tumor are described. These patients had an excellent response to removal of the central venous catheter and treatment with amphotericin B.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1995

Alterations in renal endothelin production in rats with reduced renal mass.

Renal endothelin-1 (ET-1) production is diminished in spontaneously hypertensive rats. An increase has been reported of renal ET-1 production associated with progression of renal disease in rats with reduced renal mass. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the evolution over time of the urinary ET-1 excretion in an experimental model of renal mass reduction not caused by renal infarction. Rats were subjected to 2/3 nephrectomy (right nephrectomy and resection of the lower left renal pole) and thereafter randomly assigned to a no-treatment control group or to treatment with recombinant erythropoietin, recombinant erythropoietin plus verapamil, or recombinant erythropoietin plus enalapril. The urinary ET-1 excretion was decreased by week 16 after nephrectomy as compared with healthy animals and with the levels 6 weeks after nephrectomy. The temporal evolution of urinary ET-1 excretion in the various groups of rats showed a trend toward decrease in all groups except the one receiving enalapril. The urinary ET-1 excretion correlated directly with creatinine clearance and inversely with tubulointerstitial damage. We observed an inverse correlation between urinary ET-1 excretion and arterial blood pressure 16 weeks after nephrectomy. These results indicate that renal ET-1 production decreases with the progression of renal disease and in relation with the severity of tubulointerstitial damage. The decrease in renal ET-1 production might contribute to the development and perpetuation of renal disease-associated arterial hypertension; this situation may be favorably modified by the use of enalapril.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Clinical assessment of gingival size among patients treated with diltiazem.

Gingival overgrowth induced by nifedipine has been extensively reported. This finding, however, does not apply to gingival size changes caused by other calcium antagonists such as diltiazem. We studied the gingiva of 13 subjects with ischemic cardiopathy who had been treated with diltiazem and established two control groups: (1) a healthy group of 12 patients and (2) a group of 10 patients with ischemic cardiopathy and concomitant treatment similar to that applied to the diltiazem group except that they had not been administered any type of calcium antagonists. The size of the gingiva around the six anterior teeth was measured on plaster models of the upper and lower jaws. Significantly higher scores of the size of the gingiva were found when patients treated with diltiazem were compared with the patients in the other two groups (p < 0.05) gingiva were found when patients treated with diltiazem were compared with the patients in the other two groups (p < 0.05) and also when interproximal (p < 0.05) and vestibular (p < 0.05) sites were considered. We did not observe any significant difference in the plaque index of each group (p < 0.05); only bleeding after probing was found statistically different between the diltiazem and the nondiltiazem groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Randomized trial comparing oral ciprofloxacin plus penicillin V with amikacin plus carbenicillin or ceftazidime for empirical treatment of febrile neutropenic cancer patients.

Aminoglycoside-containing combination therapy has been the standard empirical approach for febrile neutropenic cancer patients. With the advent of the broad-spectrum oral fluoroquinolones, it is now possible to evaluate an initial empirical alternative therapy. A prospective randomized study was conducted comparing oral ciprofloxacin plus penicillin V (group A) with amikacin plus carbenicillin or ceftazidime (group B). Main criteria for eligibility were febrile patients with solid tumor or nonlymphoblastic lymphoma, a Zubrod PS equal to 1 or 2, no diarrhea, mucositis, or long-term central venous catheter. A total of 108 consecutive neutropenic febrile episodes were randomized (5 exclusions); 55 episodes were assigned to group A and 48 to group B. Most febrile episodes were of unknown origin. There were 10 microbiologically documented episodes with two cases of bacteremia. Both regimens were well tolerated. Oral regimen was substantially cheaper than parenteral regimen. Treatment success without regimen modification was 94.5% for group A and 93.8% for group B (p = .86; CI -0.08-0.10). Oral therapy with ciprofloxacin and penicillin V is a safe alternative to standard parenteral therapy in this low-risk group of neutropenic patients, with unquestionable cost containment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Isolation of microsatellites from the spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) candidate region on chromosome 5q and linkage analysis in Spanish SMA families.

A locus responsible for autosomal recessive spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) on chromosome 5q11.2-q13.3 has been mapped to a critical interval delimited by markers D5S435 and D5S557. By a modification of the Vectorette-(GT)n method, we have isolated three polymorphic CA repeats from two YACs of the SMA region. Two of them (D5S1417 and D5S1416) map within the SMA critical region, and the other (D5S1415) is centromeric to D5S435. Linkage analysis in Spanish SMA families with eleven markers showed that in our families the disease is linked to this region and confirmed that the novel markers are tightly linked to the SMA locus. The most likely order of markers was 5cen-(D5S63/D5S1356)-(D5S125/D5S465)- (D5S435/D5S1417/D5S1416/D5S557)-D5S610- D5S112-D5S127-5qter, with odds against alternative orders > 1,000:1. Genetic distances are in agreement with those previously published. However, the recombination fraction between D5S610 and D5S112 is remarkably greater than expected from the physical distance, suggesting a hot spot for recombination in this region. Our results from haplotype and multipoint analyses show that the SMA locus must lie between D5S465 and D5S112, and lend further support to the current location of the SMA locus.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Toxic and neurogenic factors in chloroquine myopathy fibre selectivity.

Biopsies from soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles obtained in rats with an experimental chloroquine myopathy were studied ultrastructurally. Two different histopathological pictures were observed: type I fibres from soleus exhibited a vacuolar myopathy with an almost normal sarcomeric structure; type II fibres from EDL did not show vacuoles but changes similar to neurogenic atrophy. Our results suggest that chloroquine produces direct toxic effects in type I fibres and secondary neurogenic damage in type II fibres.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Characterization of four mutations in the neurofibromatosis type 1 gene by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE).

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the most common inherited disorders. The gene responsible for the disease has a very high mutation rate, approximately fifty per cent of NF1 patients appear to have a de novo mutation. The search for mutations is hampered by the large size of the NF1 gene and up to date, relatively few mutations have been characterized. In the present work, we report the results of screening seventy unrelated NF1 patients for mutations in NF1 exons 29 and 31 by using an experimental approach that combines the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Four mutations were identified and characterized. Three of them consist of C-T transitions resulting in nonsense mutations, two in exon 29, C5242T and C5260T, and one in exon 31, C5839T. The fourth mutation consists of a two-base pair deletion in exon 31, 5843delAA, also resulting in a premature stop codon. The finding in our patients of mutation C5839T, previously reported in three independent studies, supports that this position is a hotspot within the NF1 gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Ultrastructure of an iguana fast twitch denervated muscle.

This ultrastructural study was undertaken to investigate the morphological changes which occur in the fast twitch gastrocnemius muscle of the reptile Iguana iguana after nerve section. It was found that initial degenerative alterations appeared in muscle fibers two weeks after denervation and progressed along the two months of the investigative period. They consisted of disorganization of contractile and sarcotubular elements and the appearance of autophagic vacuoles with mitochondrial debris. However, even two months after nerve section some myofibrils and mitochondria looked normal. Our results suggest that although the general course of denervation atrophy in iguana gastrocnemius is similar to that in other twitch muscles of vertebrates, the chronology of the process shows that iguana fast twitch skeletal muscles exhibit an intermediary position among the vertebrates in relation to their velocity of response to denervation.

Animals↗