Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E V Tkachenko.
Studies have shown that patients with cholelithiasis include a large group of people having associated duodenal ulcer as well. Duodenal ulcer also precedes cholelithiasis quite often (the ratio being 4:1), which makes it possible to consider duodenal ulcer as one of the risk factors for the duodenal ulcer development.
The lecture includes materials on gut hormones. Descriptions of the main synthesis places as well as structure and functions of hormones are given. The introduction of radioimmunoassay and immunoenzyme techniques to clinical practice made it possible to reach a success in the field of studying gastrointestinal hormones. Basic gut hormones and their role in the control over functioning digestive system and body as a whole under normal and pathological conditions are given.
Stomach ulcer is one of the most important problems of gastroenterology. Complicated, often recurring, giant and refractory stomach ulcers are most complex in the pathogenetic and treatment regard. The chronic and often recurring course of the disease, high percent of complications including such severe ones as perforation and bleeding, malignization, penetration and stenosis quite often result in a partial or complete disability in patients. As is well known, it is generally the most active and capable part of population that suffers from this disease.
The purpose of the study was to compare the nature of changes in the content of various groups of prostaglandins and cyclic nucleotides in patients with stomach ulcer as well as during the process of development and formation of experimental ulcers.
In result of forming the Pavlov small gaster, secretion of pepsine in isolated part and, probable, in other parts of the gaster, was increased. This entailed a decrease in the pepsin sorption level on the luminal surface of adherent mucous layer of the gaster parts and intestine under study. This led to a drop of the level of structure glycoproteins and to increase in the per cent contents of polymeric glycoproteins in the whole pool of the mucous layer glycoproteins. The data obtained suggest that forming of the Pavlov small gaster indices significant changes of the adherent mucous layer structure-functional condition both in the gaster and in lower parts of the intestine.
The balance between secretion and degradation of the mucosa glycoproteins in the dog intestine is preserved with the aid of local reflexes in both serous-muscular and mucous-submucous layers of the wall. Irrespective of major alterations in the glycoproteins synthesis in the mucosa, protective properties of the submucous layer are maintained owing to a high content of acetylneuraminic acid and low level of mucous glycoproteins degradation.
The author present comparative analysis of rheoencephalographic (REG) data obtained from 500 differently aged Kiev residents with atherosclerotic dyscirculatory encephalopathy after Chernobyl accident. Changes of principal REG parameters are determined as the plethoric syndrome (PS). Main variants of nerves characterizing PS are divided into three types. Data obtained by the authors confirmed changes of the vascular system under the new ecological conditions.
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A study was made of the effect of laser therapy on the content of she biologically active substances serotonin, histamine, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha as well as on the adenylate cyclase system--adenylate cyclase activity and cGMP content. Direct exposure to laser produced an appreciable increase of the content of serotonin and histamine, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha, cAMP and of adenylate cyclase activity. On the healing of ulcerous defect after 5-6 sessions of laser therapy a decrease of the content of serotonin, a rise of histamine, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, cAMP accumulation and adenylate cyclase activation were recorded.
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Secretion of prostaglandins (Pg) E and F2 alpha in bile in basic condition (without stimulation) and under stimulation with cholecystokinin (CCK) ("Boots", England, 1 unit/kg) in patients with fatty liver with normal (15) and hypokinetic (20) function of gallbladder by radioimmunoassay method was investigated. The mediator role of Pg F2 alpha in the realization of effect of CCK on the contractile function of gallbladder was found. It was concluded, that the disturbance of mediator effect of Pg F2 alpha in the hormone regulation of bile excretion may play an important role in the pathogenesis of biliary dyskinesia. This disturbance of mediator effect of Pg was connected with the reducing of concentration and debit Pg F2 alpha in bile, as well as with the slowing of maximal Pg excretion under stimulation with CCK.
A study was made of the effect of copper laser therapy on the content of PGE and PGF2 alpha and on the adenylate cyclase system (cAMP, cGMP and adenylate cyclase content) in patients with gastric ulcer. Seventy patients with indolent (from 3 months to 2 years) gastric ulcers were examined. The patients were assigned into 2 groups: group I received drug therapy combined with the influence of laser on copper vapours on the ulcerous surface (a single radiation dose 10 to 15 J). As compared to group I, the patients of group II manifested a considerable rise of the content of cAMP and prostaglandins, as well as adenylate cyclase activation in the gastric mucosa. Nonspecific biostimulating action of laser radiation exercised via the influence on the dysregenerative processes in the epitheliocytes of long nonhealing ulcer edges is under discussion.
The distribution of antigens of the main complex of histocompatibility was studied in 50 patients suffering of hypertensive disease complicated by cerebrovascular disfunction of the brain. A correlation was found between the development of hypertensive disease and several antigens. Results of the study confirm the role of the role of the genetic factor in the development of hypertensive disease and the significance of immunogenetic investigations.
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