Biomedical subjects

E Trell

Publications and source records attributed to E Trell.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1984

Blood pressure and other risk factors in healthy middle-aged men in relation to self-reported first-degree family history of hypertension.

In a questionnaire-assessed first-degree family history of hypertension obtained in a sizable subsample of middle-aged male attenders to a multiphasic health screening programme in Malmö, the actual blood pressure distributions and other risk factors are compared in the different heredity groups. Both mean values and frequencies of borderline and hypertensive levels of the systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher in groups with a family history of hypertension in particular biparental, than in those without. Reported paternal hypertension was less frequent than reported maternal hypertension but resembled more the biparental history group in terms of the recorded blood pressure levels. Several biochemical and physiological variables were compared between the groups, but there were no differences in associated risk factors, including blood lipids, except for higher serum urate in the biparental history group than in the others. Only part of the overrepresentation of increased blood pressure levels that was present appeared to be of the genuine idiopathic variety of hypertension, and the genotype for this disorder did not appear to be associated with other risk factors for hypertension in the population.

Blood Pressure↗

PubMed1984

The prevalence of thyroid disorders in a middle-aged female population, with special reference to the solitary thyroid nodule.

A survey of thyroid disease was conducted in 477 middle-aged women selected at random in an urban area where goiter is not endemic. The overall occurrence of thyroid disease was estimated to be 16.2%. Previously known disease was reported by 6.7% of those surveyed, and an additional 9.5% were diagnosed in the present study. The prevalence of all goiter was 11.3%, and of a palpable solitary nodule, 6.5%. Women with goiter were examined by thyroid scintigraphy and fine-needle aspiration cytology. The results of these examinations combined with the conventional clinical examination were considered a sufficient basis for benign diagnosis in all cases except one, a woman with a solitary nodule who was surgically treated because the cytologic report indicated follicular neoplasm; histopathology, however, revealed colloid goiter. The accumulated incidence of hyperthyroidism was 2.3% and of hypothyroidism 0.8%. It is concluded that goiter is a common disorder among women living in non-endemic areas, and that most goiter, including palpable solitary nodules, can be classified after evaluation as multinodular goiter.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1984

[Carcinoma and leukoplakia in the oral cavity in relation to AHH induction, smoking and dental status].

Smoking habits, dental status and aryl-hydrocarbonhydroxylase (AHH) inducibility were studied in a series of 52 oral leucoplakias and 20 oral cancers. There was an obvious association between leucoplakia, cancer and smoking. A significant overrepresentation of high AHH and a corresponding underrepresentation of low AHH inducibility were found among the smokers with leucoplakia and in the oral carcinoma group. In both groups, however, the dental status was largely normal.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Premature mortality in middle-aged men: serum cholesterol as risk factor.

Serum cholesterol as risk factor for premature mortality; 0--6, mean 3 years after a screening investigation in 10,000 middle-aged men (46--48 years at screening) was studied with respect to category of death. Serum cholesterol was reciprocally correlated to cancer deaths and to alcohol-related deaths, and strongly positively correlated to deaths in coronary heart disease. The men who died of cancer did not have lower body weight, nor was there any association with serum triglycerides. The inverse correlation to serum cholesterol did not differ between the cancer deaths occurring early, and those occurring later after screening. Part of the cholesterol/cancer death relationship may be explained by the presence of an otherwise occult malignancy at screening, but it cannot be excluded that the development of some cancers may be associated with a state of low serum cholesterol.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1983

Raised serum urate concentration as risk factor for premature mortality in middle aged men: relation to death from cancer.

Low serum cholesterol concentrations are associated with deaths from cancer. This association was found in a prospective study of middle aged men in Malmö and consideration of possible explanations for the lowering of serum cholesterol prompted an analysis of serum urate in relation to deaths from cancer. A total of 127 of the 7725 participants in the Malmö study had died since screening. A weakly positive but significant correlation between raised serum urate concentration and total mortality was found. This correlation was wholly explained by neoplastic deaths (p less than 0.01), while there were no associations with alcohol related deaths or with deaths from coronary heart disease. When the deaths from cancer were classified as "early" or "late"--that is, occurring less than or more than 2.5 years after the screening--the correlation between raised urate concentrations and cancer mortality was confined to the "early" deaths (p less than 0.001). Further studies are needed to substantiate the relation between raised serum urate concentrations and fatal neoplasia. Nevertheless, these findings weigh against recent suggestions that uric acid has an antioxidant protective effect against cancer.

Body Weight↗

PubMed1983

Glucose tolerance and smoking: a population study of oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests in middle-aged men.

The oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests have been compared in middle-aged, normal-weight male non-smokers, ex-smokers and smokers who participated in a general health screening programme in Malmö, Sweden. Subjects with diabetes, previous gastric resection and/or present medication with diuretic agents were excluded. No difference was found when comparing fasting glucose in non-smokers, ex-smokers and smokers. In the oral glucose tolerance test, plasma glucose at 40 and 60 min increased stepwise from non-smokers (8.7 and 7.4 mmol/l) to ex-smokers (8.9 and 7.5 mmol/l), smokers (9.2 and 7.9 mmol/l) and heavy smokers (9.7 and 8.2 mmol/l). Blood glucose levels at 120 min were inversely arranged. Plasma insulin at 120 min was lower in heavy smokers (16.2 mU/l) than in non-smokers (24.8 mU/l). The mean intravenous glucose tolerance test k-value was lower in smokers than in non-smokers. K-values below 1.0 were twice as common in smokers (30%) as in non-smokers. It is concluded that smoking has a clinically significant influence on both the oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests.

Blood Glucose↗

PubMed1983

The effects of smoking, hypertension and cardiovascular disease on the estimation of unscheduled DNA synthesis and covalent binding to DNA induced by N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene in resting human mononuclear leukocytes.

The levels of N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (NA-AAF)-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) and of NA-AAF binding to DNA have been determined in resting mononuclear leukocytes from individuals with various smoking habits, heart infarct patients and subjects diagnosed for hypertension. Age-matched and blood-pressure-controlled smokers (n = 99) had significantly elevated levels of NA-AAF-induced UDS and NA-AAF binding to DNA when compared to nonsmokers (n = 75) similarly corrected for age and blood pressure. Heart infarct patients without any history of risk factors, as well as diagnosed hypertensives with normalized blood pressure, were not significantly different from matched controls when assessed by the NA-AAF method. Our results support the theory that increased mutagen sensitivity is associated with smoking and high blood pressure but not with cardiovascular disease itself via some mechanism of genetic selection.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗

PubMed1983

Community-based preventive medical department for individual risk factor assessment and intervention in an urban population.

In Malmö, a southern Swedish city of about 230,000 inhabitants, an institute of preventive medicine within the medical department of Malmö General Hospital has been in operation since 1975. It is directed against the major middle-aged internal medical health risks and complications such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and alcohol complications, and contains both screening and intervention resources, mediated predominantly by an individually orientated approach both in the function of the department and in the preventive medical actions. The design, feasibility, and some of the quantitative results of the program are described.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1983

Comparison of gamma-glutamyltransferase and questionnaire test as alcohol indicators in different risk groups.

gamma-Glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) and a Malmö modification of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (Mm-MAST) were compared in subsamples of a health screening population of urban middle aged males with characterized levels of alcohol consumption and in the total group of deaths 0-6 years after the screening investigation. The questionnaire was markedly superior to gamma-GT in identifying the alcohol consumption in the known alcoholics but not in the other study groups. gamma-GT may be indicative of alcohol related health disturbances and may be used in their early recognition and as biochemical feedback in their further treatment and control in individuals. It may therefore be of value particularly as an instrument in a programme aimed at prevention of alcohol-related health complications.

Alcohol Drinking↗

PubMed1983

Comparison of gamma-glutamyltransferase and other health screening tests in average middle-aged males, heavy drinkers and alcohol non-users.

Physical and biochemical health screening variables were compared in matched, middle-aged male samples of (a) ideological teetotallers, (b) average men, (c) self-reported alcohol abstainers, (d) low gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity, and (e-f) high GGT activity with or without admitted alcohol consumption background. The alcohol non-user groups and the individuals with low GGT had significantly lower mean values of relative body weight, pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, haematocrit, serum urate, triglyceride, cholesterol, and zero and 120 min blood glucose than individuals with elevated GGT and alcohol overconsumption. The average men had intermediate levels. The frequency of increased values of the same tests was notably higher in the subjects with elevated GGT and heavy alcohol consumption than in the teetotallers and the other groups; and was lowest in the teetotallers.

Alcohol Drinking↗

PubMed1983

Identification and intervention of heavy drinking in middle-aged men: results and follow-up of 24-60 months of long-term study with randomized controls.

In a continuing screening and intervention programme in Malmó, elevated serum-gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) values were used for selection of heavy drinkers. The study population consisted of 585 individuals born 1926-1933 with two consecutive GGT values in the upper decile of the GGT distribution, randomly allocated either to an intervention group of to a control group. The subjects in the intervention group were further investigated and 75% of them were judged to have elevated GGT values caused by alcohol consumption. These individuals were repeatedly encouraged to lower their overall alcohol consumption and GGT measurements were used as biofeedback method in the treatment program. The controls were informed by letter to be restrictive with their alcohol consumption and that they should receive new invitations for measurements of their liver enzymes after 2, 4, and 6 years. The intervention and control groups were well matched and followed over a 2-6-year period. Two and 4 years after the screening investigation, the GGT values in both groups were significantly decreased. There were differences, however, between the two groups with regard to sick absenteeism, hospitalization, and mortality. A significant reduction was found in sick absence during 4 years by 80%, in hospital days during 5 years by 60%, and in mortality during 6 years by 50% in the intervention group compared with the control group. Thus, the intervention program was effective in preventing medico-social consequences of heavy drinking.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1983

Relation between plasma insulin and blood glucose in a cross-sectional population study of the oral glucose tolerance test.

In a material of 3596 oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) performed in a population investigation of middle-aged males in Malmö, fasting and 120 min values of blood glucose and plasma insulin immunoreactivity (IRI) were studied while taking factors like body weight, smoking, alcohol, gastric resection and selfreported diabetes heredity into account. The fasting as well as the 120 min levels of both glucose and IRI were markedly influenced by body weight and smoking habits but not by the hereditary background. At 120 min, but not in the fasting state, there was a linear correlation between the IRI and glucose levels. The increase of IRI on glucose was significantly steeper in most of the hereditary subjects in comparison with their non-hereditary controls.

Alcohol Drinking↗

PubMed1983