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Biomedical subjects

E Taskinen

Publications and source records attributed to E Taskinen.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Herpes simplex virus encephalitis: new diagnostic and clinical features and results of therapy.

Six patients with herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis underwent diagnostic and clinical evaluation. The HSV or its antigenic material was found in three brain biopsy specimens. In the remaining three cases, the diagnosis was supported by detection of HSV antibodies in the CSF. Cell count and total protein concentration in the CSF reached a maximum level at three weeks and two months, respectively. The IgG index and HSV antibody level in the CSF often remained constant after reaching maximal values. In three patients, a transient low serum sodium level was observed. Characteristic EEG changes were present five to 11 days after the onset of symptoms. Computerized tomographic scanning revealed a temporal low-density lesion. Three patients became deeply comatose and had respiratory failure. The patient without vidarabine therapy and one of the five patients treated with vidarabine died.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and pulmonary vasculitis associated with circulating immune complexes.

A patient with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and pulmonary vasculitis is described. Circulating immune complexes (CICs) were detected in both light and heavy fractions of the patient's serum by four CIC-tests. Antinuclear antibodies and hypocomplementaemia were also found. Immunosuppressive treatment reversed both the immune haemolysis and the pulmonary reaction. we suggest that the syndrome of our patients represents an unusual localized variety of SLE.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1980

Slowly progressive bronchiolitis obliterans. A case report with detailed pulmonary function studies.

A case of idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans in a 40-year-old man is presented. The chest radiograph showed miliary nodules, which on histological examination were found to consist of granulation tissue in and around bronchioles causing narrowing or obliteration of the airway lumen. The pulmonary function tests indicated a milk degree of airway obstruction, ventilation/perfusion inequality, hypoxemia which increased during exercise, and a well-preserved diffusion capacity suggesting absence of significant damage to the interstitium of the lung. Radiospirometry suggested that the functional derangement was most prominent in the lower parts of the lungs. Even though the inflammatory component was prominent no improvement was observed during steroid therapy. A history of respiratory symptoms for 20 years and a slight deterioration of the respiratory function over a follow-up period of 4 years suggested an unusually slow rate of progression of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

TruCutR needle biopsy in asbestosis and silicosis: correlation of histological changes with radiographic changes and pulmonary function in 41 patients.

A percutaneous needle biopsy was performed with a TruCut needle on 41 patients with suspected pneumoconiosis. Patients selected for biopsy tended to have brief or unusual dust exposure, as well as questionable radiographic opacities. Sixteen had been exposed to asbestos, 13 to silica and 12 to mixed dust containing quartz, coal, iron, asbestos and talc. All patients in the asbestos group and most in the other two groups had a reduced transfer factor. Most patients in the asbestos group and about 25% of the other patients had restrictive ventilatory impairment. Chest radiographs were assessed according to standard films of the ILO U/C International Classification (International Labour Office, 1972). In 25 patients radiographic opacities were absent or acanty (categories 0--1/1). The dominant radiographic feature of many patients exposed to asbestos was a ground-glass appearance or a bilateral elevation of the diaphragm, or both, features difficult to assess according to the ILO U/C scheme. Most histological changes were those usually seen in pneumoconiosis. However, in only two patients with silicosis were silicotic nodules detected. The specimens of seven patients showed a granulomatous inflammation. The severity of alveolar wall involvement correlated well with the transfer factor value but poorly with radiographic changes. The profusion of radiographic opacities also correlated poorly with functional impairment. As a diagnostic tool the needle biopsy was valuable in asbestosis and slightly less so in mixed-dust fibrosis. The biopsy specimens showed changes compatible with asbestosis in 75% of the suspected cases and in 86% of those in which asbestosis was the final diagnosis. In the mixed-dust group pneumoconiosis was confirmed in 67% and 80%, respectively. In the diagnosis of silicosis an open biopsy is probably more reliable than a percutaneous one, particularly if radiographic changes are minimal. Histological changes in the needle biopsy specimen were compatible with silicosis in only 36% of the suspected cases and in 63% of those in which the final diagnosis was silicosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Sputum cytology of asbestosis patients.

One hundred and fourteen patients with asbestosis, 59% of whom were chronic cigarette smokers, were subjected to a cytological sputum examination which showed: 36 workers (31.6%) with squamous metaplasia, 20 (17.5%) with benigh columnar cell atypia, 5 (4.4%) with benign dysplasia, 2 with suspicious cells for carcinoma, and 1 with anaplastic (microcellular) carcinoma. Clinically and histologically five lung cancers were verified, two of which were cytologically false negatives. All asbestosis patients with lung cancer were chronic smokers. Of the 114 asbestosis patients, 49 (43.0%) had ferruginous bodies in their sputum. The workers from an asbestos quarry more frequently had ferruginous bodies in their specimens than the other patients. Radiographically moderate and severe asbestosis cases showed squamous metaplasia more frequently than those with radiographically slight asbestosis. Most of the detected cellular atypias represented reversible alterations of the respiratory epithelium. It is, however, important to screen the sputum of older (greater than 40 years of age) smoking asbestos workers with benign and suspicious cellular atypias regularly because these alterations may represent the first step int he pathway to bronchogenic cancer. The results of this study did not answer the question of whether bronchial cancer of patients with asbestosis is curable if detected early with cytological methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Nitrofurantoin-induced alterations in pulmonary tissue. A report on five patients with acute or subacute reactions.

Three patients with acute and two with subacute nitrofarantoin-induced pulmonary reactions were studied clinically and by examinining microcoscopically needle biopsy specimens of their lungs. In all five patients slight vasculitis and a few interstitial eosinophils were found in the pulmonary tissue 1-2 weeks after the withdrawal of nitrofurantion therapy. Alveolitis, fibrinous alveolar exudate and perivascular granulomas were also seen in some specimens. The patients with acute reactions had marked blood eosinophilia. In all patients, pulmonary diffusing capacity (DLCO) was below normal, but ventilatory function was not appreciably affected. Withdrawal of nitrofurantion resulted in complete or partial improvement in 4-8 weeks. Our clinical and histological findings support the suggestion that a type III immune-complex-mediated reactions is involved in acute and subacute hypersensitivity reactions to nitrofurantoin.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Radiology and fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of tumours of the kidney.

The value of angiography and fine needle aspiration biopsy in detecting, grading and staging of renal tumours was studied in 55 patients with renal tumours suspected clinically or on urography. 42 patients had malignant tumours. A correct angiographic diagnosis was made in 94% of the renal adenocarcinomas, the corresponding percentage for the aspiration biopsies was 71%. A combination of angiography and cytologic examination gave the correct diagnosis in 97%. In 4 cases of renal pelvic carcinoma the angiography showed extensive hydronephrosis only, the final diagnosis in these was cases achieved by fine needle aspiration biopsy. Angiographic staging of 30 renal adenocarcinomas was made according to the TNM system. The radiological staging was correct in 30% of T3 tumours, but in only 50% of T1 tumours and in one out of five T2 tumours. The difficulties seemed to be in determining the relation of tumours situated marginally near the renal capsule. Angiographic grading of the tumour was made according to the vascular pattern and the time of venous filling. Sparse vascularity and venous filling time of over 5 seconds was found in highly differentiated carcinomas and abundant vascularity and fast venous filling in neoplasms of moderate or low differentiation. The cytologic grading correlated fairly well with the histological grading. This study shows that angiography combine with fine needle aspiration biopsy provides good facilities for obtaining a correct diagnosis in renal tumours and preoperative information of the extent and degree of differentiation of renal malignant tumours.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1974

Differential cellular increase in cerebrospinal fluid after encephalography in mentally retarded patients.

The behaviour of the CSF cells during gas encephalography (GEG) with O(2), N(2)O, and halothane is poorly known in cerebral developmental disorders. One hundred and fifty CSF samples taken during pneumoencephalography from 75 mentally retarded patients were examined cytologically by the millipore technique with Papanicolaou staining. The results were processed automatically. An approximately 25-fold increase in CSF cells (P<0·001), mainly meningeal, reticulohistiocytic, and monocytic types, was found to occur. The cortical gas filling rate had a positive correlation (P<0·001) with the increase of number of CSF cells. There were no significant differences between the cellular changes in different cerebral disorders. Thus, though the irritant effect of GEG gives a rich cell yield, diagnostic atypical cells in developmental disorders of the central nervous system probably rarely exfoliate into the lumbar CSF.

Adolescent↗