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Biomedical subjects

E Tanaka

Publications and source records attributed to E Tanaka.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Studies on new antibiotics SF2415. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities.

A new species of Streptomyces is described for which the name Streptomyces aculeolatus is proposed. The organism produces new antibiotics SF2415A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 active against Gram-positive bacteria. Empirical molecular formulae of the antibiotics SF2415A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 were determined to be C26H31N2O5Cl, C26H30N2O5, C26H30N2O5Cl2, C26H33O5Cl, C26H32O5 and C26H32O5Cl2, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Measurement of microsomal function in hepatectomized rat].

Trimethadione (TMO) is exclusively metabolized to dimethadione (DMO) by cytochrome P-450 dependent mono-oxygenase in liver microsomes. We have chosen TMO as an indicator compound for estimating the microsomal function of the liver. TMO tolerance test was performed in the CCl4 intoxicated injury or 68% partial-hepatectomized rats. Serum DMO/TMO ratios in 2 hours following oral administration of TMO in these rats in vivo were well correlated with changes in content of hepatic cytochrome P-450 and activity of TMO N-demethylase in vitro. TMO tolerance test could also determine quantitatively the changes of the functional capacity of the liver in the 68% partial hepatectomy. These results suggest that TMO tolerance test is a useful tool for the surgical indication in the hepatectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A radioimmunoassay that sandwiches human interleukin-2 between radiolabeled monoclonal antibody and the receptor on a hematopoietic cell line.

Two monoclonal antibodies were raised against human interleukin-2 (IL-2) produced by E. coli harboring recombinant complemental DNA. Both antibodies did not neutralize its activity, nor did they inhibit the binding of IL-2 to the receptor on target cells. Taking advantage of the ability of monoclonal antibodies to detect IL-2 that had bound to the receptor, a radioimmunoassay was developed that sandwiched IL-2 between the radiolabeled monoclonal antibody and the receptor on a hematopoietic cell line infected with human T cell leukemia virus Type I. The assay had the advantage of detecting only IL-2 with the ability to bind to the receptor, and displayed a linear dose-response relationship over concentrations ranging from 5 to 100 ng/ml.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Significance of IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen for the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infection and for the evaluation of the inflammatory activity of type B chronic liver diseases.

IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was assayed using a commercial kit in acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and evaluated for its diagnostic and clinical significance. IgM anti-HBc was positive in all of 21 cases with type B acute hepatitis in the acute phase, and was also detected in 5 of 20 cases with type B chronic persistent hepatitis, in 4 of 20 patients with type B chronic active hepatitis and in one of 10 with type B liver cirrhosis. The absence of this marker was noted in all of 20 asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers and in 50 with HBsAg-negative patients with liver disease and in 200 healthy blood donors. The cut-off index of IgM anti-HBc was greater than 2.0 in all serum samples obtained in the acute phase of type B acute hepatitis, but was below 2.0 in type B chronic liver disease. A close relationship was found between the presence of IgM anti-HBc and the degree of inflammatory activity in patients with HBsAg-positive chronic liver disease. These data show that examination of IgM anti-HBc is useful in distingushing type B acute hepatitis from type B chronic liver disease, and also in evaluating the severity of disease in type B chronic liver disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Nude mice bearing human primary hepatocellular carcinoma that produces hepatitis B surface, core, and e antigens, as well as deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase.

A primary hepatocellular carcinoma, from a patient carrying hepatitis B virus, was transplanted to athymic nude mice, and maintained through eight passages involving 39 mice. Hepatitis B surface and e antigens were detected in the circulation of tumor-bearing mice. Hepatitis B surface, core, and e antigens were demonstrated in tumor cells. Hepatitis B core particles were visualized in the tumor extract by immune electron microscopy, and they exhibited an activity of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. In the tumor tissue, deoxyribonucleic acid of hepatitis B virus was present both in integrated and extrachromosomal forms. Nude mice carrying the tumor would provide opportunities for studying the replication of hepatitis B virus and the expression of its various proteins, and also for evaluating the efficacy of virustatic drugs in interrupting the persistent infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Number of hits necessary for complement-mediated hemolysis.

The number of hits necessary for the C8 and C9 steps of immune hemolysis was reexamined with a previously unemployed experimental design, in which various numbers of EAC1-7, excess of the supplementary component and a constant amount of the component tested were incubated in a constant volume (Inoue et al. 1976. Infect. Immun. 13: 337). Our results were consistent with previous findings; the steps of guinea pig C8 and C9, the human C8 each followed a one-hit mechanism, while that of human C9 showed ka multi-hit response. When lysis of sensitized erythrocytes (EA) by normal human serum was analysed in a similar way, one-hit curves were obtained. This result, taken together with the above results, suggests that immune hemolysis occurs by a single lesion including a single C8 and multiple C9 in the case of human complement and that normal human serum contains sufficient excess of C9. On the other hand, when C9-deficient human serum was used for lysis of EA, multiple-hit curves were obtained. The mechanism of lysis by C5b-8 may differ from that by C5b-9.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Regulation of the actin-activated Mg-ATPase of brain myosin via phosphorylation by the brain Ca2+, calmodulin-dependent protein kinases.

We have previously isolated two Ca2+, calmodulin-dependent protein kinases with molecular weights of 120,000 (120K enzyme) and 640,000 (640K enzyme), respectively, by gel filtration analysis from rat brain. Chicken gizzard myosin light-chain kinase and the 120K enzyme phosphorylated two light chains of brain myosin, whereas the 640K enzyme phosphorylated both the two light chains and the heavy chain. The phosphopeptides of the light chains digested by Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease were similar among chicken gizzard myosin light-chain kinase, the 120K enzyme, and the 640K enzyme. Only the seryl residue in the light chains and the heavy chain was phosphorylated by the enzymes. The phosphorylation of brain myosin by any of these enzymes led to an increase in actin-activated Mg-ATPase activity. The results suggest that brain myosin is regulated by brain Ca2+, calmodulin-dependent protein kinases in a similar but distinct mechanism in comparison with that of smooth muscle myosin.

Actins↗
PubMed1986

Primary band-shaped spheroidal degeneration of the cornea: three cases from two consanguineous families.

Three cases of primary band-shaped spheroidal degeneration of the cornea from two consanguineous families are reported. In all cases vision deteriorated slowly, the deterioration beginning in childhood. Photophobia in childhood was also a common symptom, and two patients suffered from intermittent painful sensations. The occupational and environmental histories had no bearing on the cases. Histochemical study of the yellow, oily appearing deposits suggested that this material has a complex composition, with staining characteristics of both protein and acid-fast lipid.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Trimethadione tolerance test for evaluation of functional reserve of the liver in patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices.

Dimethadione (DMO)/trimethadione (TMO) ratios in serum after oral administration of TMO were investigated in 15 normal subjects and in 20 patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices. Severe impairment of liver function was associated with a decrease in total cholesterol, total protein and plasma albumin, or an increase in total bilirubin, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and indocyanine green retention rate (ICG R15). Serum concentration ratios of DMO to TMO at 2 or 4 h after oral administration of TMO in patients were significantly decreased by 67 or 66%, respectively, compared to normal subjects. DMO/TMO ratios at 2 or 4 h following oral administration of TMO were well correlated with the liver function parameters (plasma albumin r = 0.758 at 2 h, r = 0.776 at 4 h; total protein r = 0.613 at 2 h, r = 0.619 at 4 h; ICG R15 r = -0.683 at 2 h, r = -0.746 at 4 h, in patients only; cholinesterase r = 0.873 at 2 h, r = 0.908 at 4 h) as well as with pharmacokinetic parameters (total body clearance r = 0.794 at 2 h, r = 0.786 at 4 h) in both the normal subjects and the patients. It suggests that the DMO/TMO ratio obtained in a single blood sample collected after oral administration of TMO might provide a useful measure for function hepatic reserve.

Adult↗