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Biomedical subjects

E Takayama

Publications and source records attributed to E Takayama.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Comparative measurement of myocardial ATP and creatine phosphate by two chemical extraction methods and 31P-NMR spectroscopy.

Changes in ATP and creatine phosphate levels during early (up to 150 s) global ischaemia were determined in isolated rat hearts by two chemical extraction methods (a conventional direct perchloric acid extraction and a stepwise extraction using alcohol and perchloric acid solutions) and by qualitative 31P-NMR. No difference in the ATP level hardly changed up to 40 s of ischaemia when measured by the three methods, and slightly decreased at 150 s of ischaemia. In contrast to ATP, creatine phosphate content in the normally perfused tissue was observed to be higher by the stepwise extraction (68-73 nmol/mg protein) than by direct perchloric acid extraction (55 nmol/mg protein). The creatine phosphate rapidly decreased to about 50% of normal value at 40 s of ischaemia, and the difference in the normal creatine phosphate content using the two chemical methods disappeared with the progression of ischaemia. Thus, the creatine phosphate more rapidly decreased when observed by the stepwise method than by the other two methods in this ischaemic condition. These results suggest that (1) creatine phosphate exists in an undetermined chemical state (perhaps neither in simple soluble form nor in so-called "bound" form) in rat cardiac myocytes, and (2) the stepwise extraction method is useful to measure the content of energy metabolites and to examine the intracellular chemical state in cardiac tissues.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1994

Protective effects of verapamil and adenosine treatment on high energy phosphate metabolism in ischemic and reperfused myocardium.

Isolated rat hearts were subjected to retrograde perfusion to investigate the protective effects of adenosine and verapamil on the myocardium. In group 1, the perfusate was standard Krebs-Henseleit buffer solution. The perfusate was changed to Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing verapamil (100 nM) in group 2, adenosine (100 microM) in group 3 and both drugs in combination in group 4 for 30 min before ischemia and during 20 min of reperfusion. Group 2 displayed a recovery of creatine phosphate but not of ATP at the end of reperfusion. In group 4, the recovery of both ATP and creatine phosphate was significantly greater than in group 1. The coronary flow of group 4 was significantly higher than that of the other groups. Treatment with both verapamil and adenosine before and after global ischemia may protect the ischemic myocardium by improving high energy phosphate metabolism and coronary circulation.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1992

Is injectable collagen truly safe?

Most patients have no response to injectable collagen or silicone, but some cases may have positive or 'undersea' (= clinically negative but immunologically positive) response to collagen. From the results of the Macrophage migration inhibition test, the relative immunogenicity was augmented most when we used implants with the following combination. The first immunization was collagen and the second one was collagen with silicone. The augmented antigenicity might be enough to cause an allergic reaction to the patients who had no response to each implant alone.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1991

Identification of a different-type homeobox gene, BarH1, possibly causing Bar (B) and Om(1D) mutations in Drosophila.

The Bar mutation B of Drosophila melanogaster and optic morphology mutation Om(1D) of Drosophila ananassae result in suppression of ommatidium differentiation at the anterior portion of the eye. Examinations was made to determine the genes responsible for these mutations. Both loci were found to share in common a different type of homeobox gene, which we call "BarH1." Polyptides encoded by D. melanogaster and D. ananassae BarH1 genes consist of 543 and 604 amino acids, respectively, with homeodomains identical in sequence except for one amino acid substitution. A unique feature of these homeodomains is that the phenylalanine residue in helix 3, conserved in all metazoan homeodomains so far examined, is replaced by a tyrosine residue. By Northern blotting, considerably more BarH1 RNA was detected in the Bar mutant than in wild type. P element-mediated transformation showed Bar-like eye malformation to be induced by transient overexpression of the BarH1 gene in the late third-instar larvae. Somatic recombination analysis indicated normal gene functions of the Bar region, including the BarH1 gene, to be required for normal eye morphogenesis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Regulation of the expression of vimentin gene during the differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemia cells.

We have examined the expression of vimentin during the differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemia cells (M1), which were induced to differentiate into macrophages by exposure to conditioned medium (CM) obtained from rat embryo fibroblasts. The synthesis of vimentin, which was examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, increased after 12-24 h of incubation of M1 cells in CM and the elevated level of synthesis continued up to 96 h. A macrophage cell line (Mm1) that was derived from spontaneously differentiated M1 cells constantly synthesized much higher levels of vimentin. The amount of vimentin, which was revealed by immunoblot analysis using an mAb against human vimentin, also increased after differentiation by a factor of 7 when compared on the basis of constant protein and by a factor of 17 on the basis of constant cell numbers. Mm1 cells contained greater than 12- and 45-fold more vimentin compared with undifferentiated M1 cells on the bases of constant protein and constant cell numbers, respectively. Northern blot analysis using vimentin cDNA as a probe revealed increases in vimentin mRNA in the differentiated M1 cells and Mm1 cells. Nuclear run-on assay showed that the expression of vimentin gene during the differentiation of M1 cells was transcriptionally regulated. Observations in indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and EM clearly showed that vimentin bundles were rarely observed in undifferentiated M1 cells, and increased amounts of and large-size vimentin bundles were easily observed in differentiated M1 and Mm1 cells. These results suggest the participation of increased amounts of vimentin filaments in the maldistribution of nuclei in M1 cells during differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Assessment of procedures and instruments for intracordal injection: evaluation of the syringe for periodontal ligament anesthesia (CITO JECT).

The intracordal injection technique was first introduced by Brünings in 1911. This technique has been accepted as vocal rehabilitation for dysphonia caused by deficiencies of glottal closure. Although various injection materials have been evaluated, the injection procedure itself has not been studied. In this study, we measured the mechanical force required to perform intracordal injection by using a certain amount of substance, when varying the needle size and syringe type. Although a large needle can reduce the mechanical force for injection, leakage from the pinhole can not be prevented. We modified this technique by introducing a CITO JECT, a syringe, which is used for the anesthesia of the periodontal ligament, to perform the collagen injection. With this technique, the mechanical force required for the injection can be reduced to 1/2 to 1/4 of the force by the conventional technique. We conclude that the introduction of this syringe enable us to use the needle with smaller diameter to facilitate the intracordal injection.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1986

[Backache].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Back Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Voice prognosis after liquid and solid silicone injection.

A study was undertaken to determine the voice prognosis in 51 of the 408 patients with unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis who had visited the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat at Keio University between 1977 and 1984. The 51 patients were divided into three groups: 18 patients without silicone injection, 15 with a silicone liquid implant, and 18 with a silicone solid implant. Data are provided to show that (1) both types of silicone implant are tolerated by the body and effective in improving voice and that (2) the liquid implant is ultimately absorbed and therefore useful for temporary voice improvement in patients in whom the prognosis for vocal fold paralysis is not known, whereas the solid implant is not absorbed and is therefore effective in the long term when recovery can be ruled out.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of carbonic anhydrase I or II and correlation to clinical aspects of colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study was undertaken to elucidate the correlation between the expression of carbonic anhydrase I or II and the characteristic features of colorectal cancer. METHODOLOGY: The carbonic anhydrase I or II expressions of 74 colorectal cancer patients were analyzed by Western blotting. The relative intensity of cancer to the paired normal mucosa was calculated, and then compared with the clinicopathological parameters. Furthermore, a multivariate analysis for synchronous distant metastasis was undertaken. RESULTS: The expression of carbonic anhydrase I in colon cancer or carbonic anhydrase II in rectal cancer with Duke's D was found to be significantly lower than that with Duke's B or C, respectively. Similarly, carbonic anhydrase I in colon cancer or carbonic anhydrase II in rectal cancer with moderate-severe budding was found to be significantly lower than that with none-mild budding, respectively. Based on the findings of a logistic regression analysis, carbonic anhydrase I was adopted for colon cancer (P = 0.057) and carbonic anhydrase II for rectal cancer (P = 0.008) regarding synchronous distant metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: The expressions of carbonic anhydrase I and II correlated with biological aggressiveness of colorectal cancer and synchronous distant metastasis, especially carbonic anhydrase I for colon cancer and carbonic anhydrase II for rectal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Imaging techniques for measuring adipose-tissue distribution in the abdomen: a comparison between computed tomography and 1.5-tesla magnetic resonance spin-echo imaging.

Eight subjects were examined both by abdominal X-ray computed transverse axial tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (SE) (TR/TE, 200 ms/15 ms); another eight volunteers were subjected to three MRI scans to test the reliability of repeated measures. Correlations between fat area measures obtained by CT and by MRI for subcutaneous fat, total fat, and visceral vs. subcutaneous-fat ratio were highly significant (r = 0.93, 0.91, and 0.94, respectively; p < 0.01), and the standard errors of estimation were 9.99, 23.87, and 0.0047. The average errors of the method for different fat areas were 2.20 cm2 (intra-examination variance) and 3.75 cm2 (inter-examination variance) for visceral and 0.82 cm2 (intra-examination variance) and 1.29 cm2 (inter-examination variance) for subcutaneous fat areas, respectively. These results suggest that SE MRI is a practical approach to evaluate body fat distribution without the exposure to radiation. The reproducibility of SE MRI for the determination of fat areas is high; variation is small and acceptable. However, it is difficult to determine which estimate of fat area should be accepted when there is a discrepancy between MRI and CT measures.

Adipose Tissue↗