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Biomedical subjects

E Svendsen

Publications and source records attributed to E Svendsen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Prevalence of pulmonary embolism at necropsy in patients with cancer.

The series studied comprised 6197 patients who had died of or who had cancer at death and represents all patients with cancer from 21,530 necropsies performed at this department from 1960-84. Pulmonary embolism was significantly more common among cancer patients than in those with non-neoplastic diseases. Among those palliatively treated, patients with ovarian cancer, cancer of the extrahepatic bile duct system, and cancer of the stomach had the highest prevalence of pulmonary embolism (34.6%, 31.7%, and 15.2%, respectively). Necropsy patients with cancer of the oesophagus and larynx, together with leukaemia, myelomatosis, and malignant lymphoma had the lowest prevalence (0-5.6%). Palliatively treated cancers in organs of the peritoneal cavity had a significantly higher incidence than all other cancers combined. Cancer of the peritoneal cavity may impede venous drainage from the lower limbs and thus be an important factor in the onset of deep calf vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It is concluded that cancer represents an increased risk factor for onset of pulmonary embolism, in particular in patients with ovarian cancer and cancer of the extrahepatic bile duct system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Metastatic patterns of renal carcinoma: an analysis of 687 necropsies.

The metastatic behaviour of renal cell carcinoma has been studied in a series of 687 necropsies. The observations were consistent with the concept of "metastatic inefficiency", in that in 295 cases, including 25 with renal vein invasion, there were no detectable metastases. In the present series, renal vein involvement was not an important prognostic factor in stage 1 or 2 disease. In 73% of cases without lung metastases there were none in other sites, and in 84% of those with lung metastases there were others elsewhere, consistent with a metastatic "cascade" in which metastases first developed in the lungs and were later detected in other organs. However, the observations did not permit discrimination between anatomic cascades, in which other organs were seeded from metastasizing pulmonary metastases, and temporal cascades, in which the other were seeded at the same time as the lungs, but with fewer cancer cells. The patterns of arterial metastasis were consistent with the "seed-and-soil" hypothesis, and a novel index was developed to quantify differential organ "soils". The contralateral kidney was not the best soil for metastases from renal carcinoma. Given the presence of lymph node metastasis, the probability of heamatogenous metastasis is 90%. However, in the absence of nodal metastasis, approximately half the cases had haematogenous metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Fetal strangulation following uterine rupture.

A woman who was 30 weeks pregnant was sitting with a three-point seat belt fastened in the front passenger seat of an automobile that was involved in a head-on collision. On admission to hospital, the fetus was found in a breech position with the fetal head situated just beneath the mother's liver. Laparotomy had to be performed 4 h later and the fetus was found to have been completely expelled from the uterine cavity through a rupture in the fundus uteri. The findings in the fetus suggest that the head was expelled first, and that the fetus was then strangled by uterine contractions. The significance of using seat belts during pregnancy is discussed briefly.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1987

Autopsy legislation and practice in various countries.

Information concerning autopsy laws, regulations, rates, and practice was collected from 29 industrialized countries. In many countries, laws have been revised in recent years, introducing more restrictive rules, with consent required from the next-of-kin. With one exception (Finland), introduction of a requirement for consent was followed by a decline in the autopsy rate. Experiences in various countries are discussed. It is apparent that the problem of decreasing autopsy rates is an international one. Efforts to inform and educate the public about the benefits of autopsy are necessary, if the decision whether to perform autopsy is to remain their responsibility.

Australia↗
PubMed1986

Duodenal duplication--a case with special features.

A duodenal duplication almost as large as the stomach proper was found along the greater curvature of the stomach in a 6-month-old Caucasian girl. There was a wide communication with the proximal part of the duodenum, from which the duplication blood supply originated. The duplication and the stomach shared the serosal lining, but had individual, full thickness walls. The duplication was removed in toto, and the communication with the duodenum was closed by transverse suture. The luminal lining of the duplication consisted of corpus type of gastric mucosa. There was a 1 X 1 cm mucosal ulceration in the region of which respiratory tract elements were found. The condition is interpreted as a duodenal duplication with ectopic gastric mucosa and respiratory tract elements. To our knowledge, the occurrence of respiratory tract elements in an intestinal duplication BELOW the diaphragm is being reported for the first time. It offers a challenging explanation for the ulceration found within this duplication.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1986

Elastic membranes in arteries. Do they reduce intimal tension?

Computerized morphometric measurements have been made of the circumference of the internal (IEM) and external elastic membranes (EEM) and the area of the tunica media on cross-sectioned muscular arteries in kidneys of rat and man. The IEM circumference exceeded that of the EEM significantly. The interrupted elastic membranes of the media revealed corrugations similar to the EEM. It is concluded that the elastic membranes peripheral to IEM resist flattening out of the IEM. Even in vessels normally distended, the internal elastic membrane may not be fully stretched and retains its folds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Crater formation and endocytosis in human endothelial cells in vitro.

The formation of craters under in vitro hypoxic conditions in the human venous endothelium was studied by scanning-(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Craters are a result of collapsed intracytoplasmatic vesicles which is probably due to extraction of fluid during processing. Thus craters are thought to be artefacts of preparation. This investigation indicates that fusion of caveolae is involved in intracytoplasmatic vesicle formation. A new quantitative method is described for studying endocytosis. Whole vein wall preparations immersed in isotonic saline (approximately 1 h) revealed reduced endocytotic activity in the luminal plasma membrane (LPM) of endothelial cells compared to the basal plasma membrane (BPM), where the endocytotic activity was increased.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1985

Some characteristics of intimal folds in the rabbit aorta.

A stereomicroscopic study of fresh rabbit aorta has shown that the intimal folds form a special pattern which reappears when the aorta is relaxed after stretching. The pattern of intimal folds seems to be adapted to and may be the result of continuously repeated movements of the vessel wall. This supports the view hat intimal folds are present in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Myocardial blood flow conditions at re-perfusion following acute ischaemia.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of re-perfusion upon distribution of radioactive microspheres in ischaemic myocardium. Ten anaesthetized cats were given 15-micron microspheres prior to left anterior coronary artery occlusion, at 1 h of occlusion, and after 1 h of subsequent re-perfusion. Pre-occlusion blood flow estimates were lower in tissue which had been ischaemic compared with nonischaemic regions in the same heart (1.44 versus 1.87 ml X min-1 X g-1, p less than 0.001), corresponding to 23% apparent loss. Loss also occurred in ischaemic right ventricular tissue (32%). In left ventricular ischaemic endocardium, apparent loss was due to development of oedema. Oedema was also significant in epicardial ischaemic tissue. Correction for oedema eliminated two-fifths of the loss, while three-fifths was due to physical loss. Oedema increased linearly with the level of re-perfusion. During re-perfusion, myocardial blood flow in previously ischaemic tissue was inhomogeneously distributed and, on average, 28% lower than in non-ischaemic myocardium. The 15-micron spheres appeared to pass through capillaries in the ischaemic subepicardium, but this process was not enhanced by reperfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Diameter changes in rabbit aorta during fixation at physiological pressure.

The rabbit aorta distends considerably during glutaraldehyde infusion at 100 mm Hg, the distension at the beginning being both fastest and greatest. Over a 2-h period the degree of distension approached a maximum value which was clearly above the in vivo distension. Intimal folds were largely flattened, especially in experiments with the largest distension, but were clear among those with the least distension.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Heart weight and myocardial rupture.

Many conditions have been shown to be associated with cardiac rupture in acute myocardial infarction, but no common feature, basic to the understanding of the pathology of the condition has hitherto been demonstrated. The ratio of heart to body weight is here shown, on the basis of the findings in 1766 autopsies, to be such a factor; a low ratio predisposing to rupture. The paper further confirms that rupture often occurs within 24 hours of admission and more frequently in patients without previous infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Clinical experience with a triphasic oral contraceptive.

A triphasic combined oral contraceptive containing fluctuating amounts of ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel was tested clinically in a multicenter trial at six hospitals in Norway. 367 women were included in the study, 3 588 cycles were studied, and the follow up period was 12 months. The one year continuation rate was 67%. Five pregnancies occurred during the study period. All of them had to be considered as patient failures. The causes for stopping medication were side effects in about 50% and the rest for personal reasons. The cycle control taking into account duration of bleeding, amount of flow, and intermenstrual bleeding was good and comparable to the low-dose monophasic combined pills. The incidence of side effects was low. One woman had an increase in systolic blood pressure to more than 140 mmHg. Thrombophlebitis was not registered. In conclusion the triphasic oral contraceptive was effective and had a good cycle control and low incidence of side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The circumferential length of the internal elastic membrane measured by computer digitizer morphometry, and its relation to in vivo aorta diameter.

The circumference of the internal elastic membrane of rabbit aorta has been measured by means of computer digitizer morphometry. Measurements were made on sections cut at 90 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the vessel. These measurements were compared with calculated values of a luminal circumference based on in vivo measurements of the external diameter and vessel wall thickness measured on the sections prepared. It is found that the lengths of the internal elastic membranes measured are significantly greater than the calculated values. Thus the internal elastic membranes must be thrown into folds in vivo. The possible function of the folds is considered.

Animals↗