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Biomedical subjects

E Stone

Publications and source records attributed to E Stone.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Celebrating 40 years of the Framingham Heart Study.

The 40th anniversary of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute provided an opportunity to pay tribute to the Framingham Heart Study, the landmark epidemiological study that examined longitudinally the development of coronary heart disease in a general adult population. The Framingham Heart Study pioneered the concept that certain items, known eventually as risk factors, were associated with the development of heart disease. The concept of risk factors spawned a new generation of studies aimed at intervening to reduce the impact of risk factors on health. As part of its celebration of the 40th anniversary--and the 100th anniversary of the National Institutes of Health--the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, sponsored poster and essay contests for Framingham, Mass., students to commemorate the event. This article recaps the history of the Framingham Heart Study, describes the poster and essay contests, and outlines current and future involvement of the NHLBI in school health research.

Cerebral Infarction↗
PubMed1984

L-thyroxine absorption in patients with short bowel.

Because the exact site of thyroid hormone absorption in man is not known, we assessed the absorption of oral [125I]Na-L-T4 in patients with varying lengths of intact bowel and correlated this absorption with bowel length. Two normal subjects and five patients with surgical bowel resections, all of whom were euthyroid, were studied. Each received a tracer dose of [125I]Na-L-T4 orally, and serial samples of serum were assayed for radioactivity both with and without butanol extraction. The peak serum radioactivity in normal subjects occurred 2 h post ingestion and was 15% and 17% of the administered dose per liter serum and 11% and 13%/liter serum in butanol-extracted serum, respectively. In patients with shortened bowel, the peak radioactivity both in serum and butanol extracted serum was decreased, ranging from 2%-7% and 0%-5%/liter, respectively. There was no absorption of labeled T4 in the patient with a duodenum only. No consistent relationship was found between absorption and bowel length distal to the duodenum.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Oncogenic osteomalacia associated with a mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.

A patient with phosphaturic osteomalacia without chemical or pathological evidence of hyperparathyroidism and subnormal urinary cyclic AMP excretion was treated with vitamin D and phosphates for 9 months with partial improvement of osteomalacia, but not phosphaturia. Subsequent removal of a mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the foot led to prompt resolution of phosphaturia and healing of the osteomalacia. Although 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels were not obtained before vitamin D therapy, the levels noted during continued severe phosphaturia preoperatively were not lower than those obtained several months postoperatively during the healing phase. Studies done 1 year after tumor removal showed normalization of phosphaturia, urinary cyclic AMP, and bone histology. We suggest that the tumor elaborated products which promoted nonparathyroid mediated phosphate excretion independently from any effects on vitamin D metabolism.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1981

A precision pump for simulated cardiographic studies.

A system simulating physiologic and pathologic changes in left-ventricular volume is presented. Its purpose is to provide a model to establish the accuracy of current equipment for assessing a heart's performance where the actual volume and size are measurable. The versatility of the model allows a wide range of variability of various parameters for simulation of many clinical situations.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1980

Chemoimmunotherapy of disseminated malignant melanoma with DTIC-BCG, transfer factor + melphalan.

The experimental synergism of melphalan with DTIC and the ability of transfer factor to improve immunocompetence were the basis of an attempt to improve therapeutic results in disseminated malignant melanoma. Sixty-four evaluable patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were treated in a 21-day cycle as follows: DTIC 250 mg/M2 intravenously days 1 to 5, Connaught BCG 6 X 10(8) organisms on days 7, 12, and 17 by scarification, and transfer factor 1 unit (10(9) lymphocytes equivalent, from immunocompetent relatives of patients) subcutaneously on day 12, with or without L-PAM 30 mg/M2 on day 1. Twenty-nine patients received L-PAM and 35 did not. Remission rates of 17% and 23%, respectively, occurred in these groups. An additional 15 patients received DTIC-BCG and three doses of transfer factor on days 7, 12, and 17 and had a remission rate of 20%. Remission duration and survival were compared to historical controls of 111 patients treated with DTIC and 89 treated with DTIC-BCG. Median survival on DTIC-BCG-Transfer Factor was seven months compared to four months for DTIC (P = .003) but did not differ from DTIC-BCG. Addition of L-PAM did not improve remission duration or survival compared to DTIC-BCG but enhanced myelosuppression and immunosuppression. A 60% increase in delayed type hypersensitivity to recall antigens occurred in this study compared to 34% with DTIC-BCG (P = .005). Prognosis and immunocompetence were not directly related. In summary, in this study, (1) transfer factor therapy did not enhance the clinical effects of DTIC-BCG, although it augmented delayed type hypersensitivity to recall antigens; and (2) L-PAM was not additive to DTIC in the treatment of disseminated malignant melanoma and may have abrogated the effect of immunotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Graves' disease and HLA: clinical and epidemiologic associations.

Correlation between clinical and epidemiological features of Graves' disease and HLA were sought in 175 patients, eighty-three of whom were typed for HLA DR antigens. The relative risks (x) conferred by HLA-B8 and DR3 were 3.1 and 5.7 respectively (P less than 0.0005 uncorrected). The disease occurred at an earlier age in HLA-DR3 positive patients compared to negative patients (P less than 0.005 in females greater than and less than 30-years-old). Eighty-four out of ninety-two patients could specify the season of onset of hyperthyroidism; an excess of HLA-B8 positive patients in the summer and a lack of these in the spring and autumn was found. No association between B8 and exophthalmos and/or soft tissue eye changes were observed. However, significant associations between exophthalmos and either exophthalmos and/or soft tissue changes were found with DR3 (x = 3.6 and 3.8 respectively). HLA-DR3 positive patients were found to be more resistant to radioiodine therapy than patients negative for these antigens. No heterogeneity in the distribution of HLA antigens was found when the following indices were examined: sex, goitre size, severity of disease, pretibial myxoedema, antecedent psychological disorder, consumption of oral contraceptives, family history of Graves' disease or thyroid antibody titre. HLA does not appear to distinguish subvariants of Graves' disease, rather it influences the susceptibility to disease and its persistence once it becomes clinically manifest.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Flexibility comparisons of junior elite tennis players to other athletes.

Flexibility measurements were obtained in 86 junior elite tennis players and compared to the flexibility measurements of 139 athletes involved in other sports. The measurements obtained included sit and reach flexibility, quadricep flexibility, hamstring flexibility, gastrocnemius flexibility, shoulder internal rotation, and shoulder external rotation. All measurements except sit and reach flexibility were obtained goniometrically. Tennis players were significantly tighter in sit and reach flexibility, dominant shoulder internal rotation, and nondominant shoulder internal rotation. They were significantly more flexible in dominant shoulder external rotation and nondominant shoulder external rotation. The flexibility differences found in tennis players suggest adaptations to the musculoskeletal demands of their sport. These results suggest that a sport-specific flexibility program may be necessary for junior elite tennis players in order to promote maximum performance and help prevent flexibility-related injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of the child and adolescent trial for cardiovascular health intervention on psychosocial determinants of cardiovascular disease risk behavior among third-grade students.

PURPOSE: The Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health is a multi-site study of a school-based intervention designed to reduce or prevent the development of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The goal was to change (or prevent) related risk behaviors and the psychosocial variables that theoretically influence those behaviors. DESIGN: A nested design was used in which schools served as the primary unit of analysis. Twenty-four schools participated at each of four sites (Austin, San Diego, Minneapolis, and New Orleans). Each site had 10 control and 14 intervention schools. SETTING AND SUBJECT: Ninety-six schools (with more than 6000 students) in the four sites were randomized to three treatment conditions: control, school-based interventions, and school-plus-family interventions. The sample included approximately equal numbers of males and females and was 67.5% white, 13.9% African-American, 13.9% Hispanic, and 4.7% other. MEASURES: The psychosocial determinants included improvements in dietary knowledge, intentions, self-efficacy, usual behavior, perceived social reinforcement for healthy food choices, and perceived reinforcement and self-efficacy for physical activity. RESULTS: The findings indicated significant improvements in all the psychosocial determinants measured (p < .0001). The results revealed a greater impact in the school-plus-family intervention schools for two determinants, usual dietary behavior and intentions to eat heart-healthy foods. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support theory-based interventions for changing selected psychosocial determinants of cardiovascular disease risk behavior among children.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recurrent urethral obstruction secondary to idiopathic renal hematuria in a puppy.

A seven-month-old, neutered male Catahoula leopard dog cross was presented for recurrent urethral obstruction and intermittent hematuria. After exploratory laparotomy and ventral cystotomy, unilateral idiopathic renal hematuria was diagnosed based on gross observation of hematuria from the left ureteral catheter. The hematuria resolved after nephrectomy of the left kidney. The histopathological diagnosis was multifocal, acute congestion and intratubular hemorrhage. Although idiopathic renal hematuria has been described previously, this puppy was unique because the hematuria caused recurrent, complete urethral obstruction.

Animals↗