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Biomedical subjects

E Standl

Publications and source records attributed to E Standl.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Local thrombolysis in acute occlusion of a femoropopliteal Gore-Tex bypass].

Occlusion of a femoro-popliteal Gore-Tex-bypass in two patients could be reopened using local low-dose thrombolytic therapy. Apart from the peripheral outflow effective anticoagulation treatment appears to have a deciding influence on long-term results. Application of the thrombolytic selectively to single vessels of the lower leg as well as a post-lysis effect offer the chance for an improvement in outflow. Combination of local lysis with vessel surgery may be an additional alternative for conservation of the extremities.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

High serum insulin concentrations in relation to other cardiovascular risk factors in macrovascular disease of type 2 diabetes.

In normal, nondiabetic man, a link between hyperinsulinaemia and coronary heart disease (CHD) has been suggested by recent population surveys. The present study reports on hyperinsulinaemia as associated with macrovascular (coronary, peripheral, and carotid artery) disease in 323 non-selected NIDDs (type 2 diabetics) and 178 age and sex matched controls. Both among the 58% of diabetics and 38% of nondiabetics with large vessel disease fasting serum C-peptide was significantly elevated (p less than 0.001) as compared to subjects without. Analysing nondiabetics and non insulin treated NIDDs (n = 154) according to quintiles of fasting C-peptide, significantly more patients with macrovascular disease in general and CHD in particular were found in the upper two quintiles (p less than 0.01). In addition, insulin treated NIDDs (n = 169) with macroangiopathy exhibited higher daily insulin requirement and fasting free insulin concentrations (p less than 0.01) than those without. The association of hyperinsulinaemia--whether endogenous or exogenous--with large vessel disease appeared to be independent from age, relative weight, and actual fasting blood glucose. There were, however, significant interrelations of fasting C-peptide with fasting triglycerides and--inversely--with HDL cholesterol and HbA1 in the diabetics. These results point to a role of hyperinsulinaemia also in macrovascular disease of diabetic patients, i.e. NIDDs, as previously observed in nondiabetics. Metabolic compensation of NIDDs should probably the accomplished at the lowest possible blood insulin concentration, regardless whether insulin affects large vessels by direct or indirect means.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1984

Insulin degrading enzyme activity and insulin binding of erythrocytes in normal subjects and Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients.

Specific insulin degrading enzyme activity of erythrocytes was determined in relation to erythrocyte insulin binding in 16 healthy subjects, 14 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) and various groups of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients (n = 39). Degrading activity was increased in Type 2 diabetic patients on sulphonylureas, as well as in a subgroup with good metabolic control (p less than 0.001) and in patients with secondary failure to oral therapy (p less than 0.02); degrading activity returned to normal in the latter patients after 1 week of insulin treatment. Highest degrading activity was found in insulin-treated, yet insulin-insensitive patients (daily insulin dose greater than 80 U). Degrading activity was significantly correlated in healthy subjects both with circulating insulin concentrations and maximal specific insulin binding. In contrast, in Type 2 diabetic subjects, degrading activity was inversely correlated with serum insulin with no apparent association with maximal specific insulin binding except in those patients given 1 week of insulin treatment. High erythrocyte insulin degrading enzyme activity might be a common feature in the insulin-insensitive Type 2 diabetic patient and might occur subsequent to some aspect of insulin deficiency at the tissue level.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Platelet enzyme activities in diabetes mellitus in relation to endothelial damage.

Increased platelet reactivity has been suggested in the pathogenesis of both arteriosclerosis and diabetic microangiopathy. Therefore, platelet function and platelet enzyme activities were assessed in a large group of 357 diabetics (256 patients with IDDM, aged 16-49 and 101 patients with NIDDM, aged 50-78) and 163 matched controls, and related to photographically documented retinopathy (Rd) and to peripheral vascular disease (PVD) as well as to plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (VIII R:Ag) as an indicator of endothelial damage. Patients with IDDM had increased platelet aggregation (PA, expressed as microM ADP threshold concentration) before Rd was detectable in comparison to control subjects (P less than 0.01). PA was further increased in patients with advanced Rd (P less than 0.01), whereas 20 newly diagnosed diabetics with IDDM exhibited normal PA. Patients with minimal Rd did not differ from patients without Rd. Plasma beta-thromboglobulin (reflecting platelet consumption in vivo) was enhanced significantly in patients with Rd only (P less than 0.05), as was malondialdehyde (MDA) production of platelets (as a measure of platelet endoperoxide formation). Factor VIII-related antigen in plasma was already increased in patients without Rd (P less than 0.05), yet more so in patients with Rd (P less than 0.01). Prostacyclin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity (ACA) of platelets (as an antiaggregatory enzyme system) was twice as high in diabetics with advanced Rd compared with patients without Rd and with controls (P less than 0.01). Significant correlations were found between PA and plasma F VIII R: Hg, MDA production, and ACA of platelets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1982

[ECG during rest as an indicator of vascular changes in diabetic patients].

EKG-findings of 186 non-selected diabetic outpatients and 52 control subjects of the age group of 50 to 79 years have been examined in relation to cardiovascular risk factors as well as to peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and carotid artery stenosis (CS). The Whitehall-Criteria of the Minnesota-Code were seen in diabetics (D) approximately twice as frequently as in non-diabetics (C): Minnesota-Code I: D 7% vs C 4%; IV 27% vs 13%; V 25% vs 15%; VII1 2% vs 0%. Beside higher levels of blood glucose and HbAI, diabetics differed from controls mainly by higher systolic blood pressure (p less than 0.001). Furthermore, they showed more signs of PVD and CS. Only in 27% of diabetics normal EKG-findings were seen. In comparison to age-adjusted diabetics with EKG-abnormalities, these patients showed signs of PVD and CS only to a minor degree and lower values were found for systolic (p less than 0,01) and diastolic (p less than 0.05) blood pressure, weight (p less than 0.05), serum triglycerides (p less than 0.02), and markedly higher values for HDL-cholesterol (p less than 0.01). These data show that in diabetics more frequently abnormal EKG-findings are seen and that a normal EKG in diabetics older than 50 years indicates low cardiovascular morbidity and a favorable risk factor profile.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Increased platelet adenylate cyclase activity ion diabetic patients with microangiography.

Platelet aggregation, beta-thromboglobulin levels and the platelet adenylate cyclase activity (expressed as increase of cAMP levels) were determined in blood samples from healthy control subjects and from diabetic patients with and without microangiopathy. Patients with diabetic microangiography showed significantly higher beta-thromboglobulin levels, an increased tendency to platelet aggregation, and higher cAMP levels in platelet-rich plasma after incubation with PGI2. The findings were interrupted by the assumption of an increased turn-over of platelets which might be a consequence of the microvascular disease.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1980

Muscle triglycerides in diabetic subjects. Effect of insulin deficiency and exercise.

Muscle triglycerides and glycogen were measured in biopsy specimens of the vastus lateralis muscle before and after 1 h of ergometric exercise at 50 to 60% of maximal capacity (i. e. at a pulse rate during exercise of 180 minus age) in 3 groups of 19 to 35 year old, non-obese male subjects: 10 normals, 10 insulin dependent diabetic patients in relatively good control and 10 poorly controlled insulin dependent diabetic patients in whom insulin was withdrawn 24 h prior to examination. At rest in all subjects muscle triglyceride content was positively correlated with serum triglycerides(p < 0.001) and blood glucose (p < 0.05), resulting in elevated muscle triglyceride stores in the insulin deficient diabetic patients (17.9 +/- 1.8 mumol/g protein vs. 13.4 +/- 1.3 and 9.4 +/- 1.2 in the normal subjects and the well controlled diabetic patients; p < 0.05 and < 0.001). During exercise, utilisation of muscle triglycerides and glycogen were directly related to content at rest (p < 0.001), including the insulin-deprived patients with decreased glycogen. The decrease of muscle fat was associated with a rise in serum glycerol (p < 0.001) and non-esterified fatty acids (p < 0.001) during exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Purification to homogeneity of an insulin-degrading enzyme from human erythrocytes.

The purification of an enzyme is described, a protease, from human erythrocytes which degrades insulin with a high specificity at physiological hormone concentrations. Since the enzyme contains free sulfhydryl groups, affinity chromatography on organomercuri-Sepharose proved to be applicable as a valuable step in the isolation procedure. The purification factor amounted to approx. 6000, the yield to 8%. 1mg of purified enzyme was capable of degrading 50 pmol of insulin/min into trichloroacetic acid-soluble split products. The purified insulin-degrading enzyme was shown to be homogeneous, as demonstrated by gel chromatography, gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. The isoelectric points was at pH 5.8. The molecular weight of nativ enzyme was estimated by gel chromatography and gel electrophoresis and found to be about 150 000-160 000, consisting of 4 subunits. Degradation products of insulin eluted from a Biogel P 30 column are smaller than the A-chain of the hormone, suggesting the activity of a protease. The enzyme appears to be specific for insulin in that it does not degrade other peptide hormones such as growth hormone, prolactin, or thyroid-stimulating hormone. Furthermore, the enzyme does not inactivate enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase, aldolase, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, hexosephosphate isomerase or hexokinase.

Chromatography, Affinity↗