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Biomedical subjects

E Spiechowicz

Publications and source records attributed to E Spiechowicz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Mastication with and without removable partial dentures: an intraindividual study.

The chewing of 22 subjects, with a total of 27 removable partial dentures (RPD) that had been used for more than 6 months, was analyzed by four different methods. The study design was an intraindividual comparison of chewing, with and without the RPDs. Chewing tests were a color mixture of two-colored gums, chewing gum bolus shaping, comminution of Optosil silicone tablets, and number of chewing strokes to first swallow of an almond. The participants were also asked some standardized questions about their eating, biting, and chewing capacity. There was no significant difference in efficiency as measured by chewing gum color mixing, chewing gum shape, and pulverization of Optosil between chewing with and without the RPDs. Significantly more strokes were needed to swallow an almond without than with the RPD in place. With their RPDs in place, all subjects could chew a sandwich and an apple, and all but one could chew whole meat. The study shows that the chewing process should preferably not be analyzed by one method only.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Immunological status of patients with denture stomatitis and yeast infection after treatment of maxillofacial tumors.

Therapeutic modalities employed in the treatment of maxillofacial malignancy, tumor resection, radiation and chemotherapy, can result in local and systemic changes in healthy oral tissues many years after anticancer therapy has been stopped. The immunologic status of a select group of nine individuals who underwent surgery of the maxillofacial region and after head and neck irradiation, with severe and persistent denture stomatitis was studied. A significant impairment of granulocyte and lymphocyte functions and increased concentrations of serum IgG, as compared to healthy controls, were found in the patients of the study group. It is concluded, that this group of patients show immunological abnormalities many years post therapy, which must be recognized by the clinician in order to effect a cure.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Cyanuric chloride has no genotoxic and mutagenic properties in bacteria and bone marrow cells.

Three short-term tests were used; Salmonella/microsome assay, in vivo sister chromatid exchange assay (SCE) and micronucleus assay to evaluate mutagenic and genotoxic properties of 2,4,6-trichlorotriazine; cyanuric chloride. Mutagenicity assays were carried out using the standard top agar overplay plate assay described by Maron and Ames (9). Tester strains TA97a, TA98, TA100 and TA102 were used. Compound was dissolved in 0.1 ml of DMSO and doses of 1, 10, 100 and 500 micrograms/plate were tested in the absence and in the presence of the S9-mix. From the results obtained it appeared that incubation of the test substance with the bacteria did not increase the number of His+ revertants with any of the strains of S. typhimurium, either in the absence or in the presence of the S9-mix. At the high dose level used i.e. 100 and 500 micrograms/plate, the test substance appeared to be slightly toxic for strain TA 97a (in the absence of the S9-mix), as was seen from a diminished number of revertant colonies. The SCE test was performed according to the GENE-TOX programme. No significant increase was noted in the incidence of SCE in the groups treated with all tested doses of cyanuric chloride. Thus, in this test cyanuric chloride did not induce chromosomal damage resulting in SCE formation in bone marrow cells of mice. The micronucleus assay in vivo was performed on mice bone marrow cells. The incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes after administration of all doses of cyanuric chloride used were not statistically different (p > 0.05) as compared to negative controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Potential carcinogenicity assessment of alpha-aescin and phenbendasol.

Potential carcinogenic activity of alpha-aescin and phenbendasole made by "Polfa" (Poland) as well as phenbendasole produced by "Hoechst" (Germany) was studied using Salmonella/microsome test, DNA repair test and micronucleus assay. None of tested preparations were mutagenic or genotoxic what suggest that none of them possess potential carcinogenic activity. Besides, it was established that alpha-aescin exhibits strong and phenbendasol weak acute systemic toxicity for mice. Alpha-aescin and phenbendasole produced in Poland have been found to be toxic for bone marrow cells of mice but only when administered at a high dose of 80% LD50.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Identification of potential carcinogenic dyes and intermediates on the basis of their genotoxicity].

41 dyes, pigments and surface-active compounds were tested for mutagenic and genotoxic properties. It was found that 43% of the studied dyes of Polish make which belonged to the azo, triarylmethane and anthraquinone compounds were mutagenic or genotoxic. All the studied pigments and surface active compounds did not reveal potential carcinogenic activity except for NNO Dyspergator whose possible genotoxic activity needs confirmation in further study.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Correlation between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons concentration and airborne particle mutagenicity in the rubber factory.

The study was undertaken to evaluate the correlation between benzo[a]pyrene and coal tar pitch volatiles concentrations and mutagenic activity of airborne particles sampled at different workplaces of the factory producing various types of tires. The solid phase of aerosols was collected on Whatman glass-fibers filters using Staplex pumps. Coal tar pitch volatiles (CTPVs) were extracted from sample filters using ultrasonic-benzene extraction and determined by the gravimetric method. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) analysis was performed using high performance liquid chromatography with a spectrofluorimetric detector. The mutagenic substances were extracted from collected material with acetone. The mutagenic properties were estimated with the Ames' test using S. typhimurium strain TA98 without and with S9 fraction. At nearly all workplaces the concentrations of BaP and CTPVs were within the range of 4-61 ng/m3 and 0.11-1.26 mg/m3, respectively. Only at weighing were they much higher and amounted to 172-2261 ng/m3 for BaP and 3.05-4.07 mg/m3 for CTPVs. The highest exposure to mutagenic airborne particulate matter was found at weighing (1500 rev/m3), the mixers loading level (> 500 rev/m3) and the carbon black station (> 150 rev/m3). The air mutagenic activity at other workplaces, especially at the extruder mill of the mixer (> 90 rev/m3), the two-roll mill of mixers (> 70 rev/m3), mixer I loading (> 70 rev/m3), calendering (> 70 rev/m3) and fender vulcanizing (> 80 rev/m3) was even much more higher than that found in the urban indoor and outdoor air (2-9 rev/m3).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1991

Sensitivity of the replica method in the detection of candidal infection among denture wearers with clinically healthy oral mucosa.

To ascertain the role of Candida in denture stomatitis, the practitioner must conduct a mycologic examination of the acrylic resin denture surface, because it acts as a reservoir for continuous reinfection of the palate. Twenty-two patients were examined to compare the sensitivity of the standard technique of swabbing the denture to that of a newly developed cast agar replica technique for detecting Candida albicans. The dentures were swabbed and cast replicas of the tissue-fitting surface of the dentures were made of both study populations. The majority of cultures obtained by swabbing failed to detect the presence of Candida albicans, while all cast agar replicas grew Candida albicans. The replica method for the detection of Candida albicans in edentulous patients seemed to be a more sensitive method than currently available mycologic methods.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

An in vivo replica method for the site-specific detection of Candida albicans on the denture surface in denture stomatitis patients: correlation with clinical disease.

A site-specific agar replica technique for detecting Candida albicans on the acrylic resin denture surface of denture stomatitis patients has been developed. The method is selective for C. albicans during a finite incubation period with a specific synthetic growth medium. C. albicans colonies can be geographically observed on the replica and their presence can be correlated with inflammatory lesions visible on the mucosa of the maxillary and mandibular residual ridges. In 12 denture stomatitis patients studied, a close clinical correlation of Newton type III patients was noted but this clinical correlation could not be observed in Newton type I and II patients. In general, the number of C. albicans colonies increased with the severity of the inflammation. The findings are discussed in light of lack of knowledge of the etiology of the stomatitis. The importance of the replica method is also discussed.

Agar↗
PubMed1990

Examination of the potential mutagenicity and genotoxicity of some synthetic dyes.

The study was designed to investigate mutagenic and genotoxic properties of six synthetic dyes (Acid Green M, Acid Brown ZMSz, Acid Brown MSzCz, Anionic Black M, Anionic Brown ZM, Anionic Deep Red SM) obtained from All-Union Cancer Research Centre (AUCRC) in Moscow. To study mutagenicity and genotoxicity two short-term tests--Salmonella/microsome test using four strains of Salmonella-typhimurium TA97a, TA98, TA 100, TA102 and micronuclear test on mice were performed. The bacterial test was carried out with and without S9 mix fraction. The micronuclear test was conducted on mice Balb C with doses equal to 40 and 80% LD50 for male and 80% for female mice. Two of the studied dyes (Acid Green M. Anionic Brown ZM) proved to be direct and one (Anionic Deep Dark SM) indirect mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome assay. None of the studied compounds revealed a gentoxic activity in the micronucleus test. However, it was found that four dyes (Acid Brown ZMSz, Acid Brown MSzCz, Anionic Brown ZM and Anionic Deep Red SM) cause a significant decrease in the ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow of mice, which means that at doses used in the experiment they are toxic to erythrocyte series cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

In vitro study on the inhibiting effect of different agents on the growth of Candida albicans on acrylic resin surfaces.

This study evaluated at the in vitro level the antifungal effectiveness of nystatin, chlorhexidine, and a homologous histidine polypeptide on the surface of acrylic resin disks. The agents were used in a way that simulated storage of a denture by a denture wearer. Results indicated that pretreatment with poly-L-histidine was not protective against C albicans adherence and growth regardless of whether disks were stored in water or in the open air for the 8-hour period following yeast contamination. Chlorhexidine was totally effective in preventing C albicans attachment to, and growth on, the acrylic resin, even after a period of 8 days of turbidimetric monitoring. Pretreatment with Nystatin, followed by drying, was protective, yielding results similar to those obtained with chlorhexidine.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1990

Assessment of exposure to genotoxicants in a foundry.

The mutagenicity of acetone extracts of airborne particles sampled during two seasons at different work sites in a foundry and of foundry workers' urine concentrates was determined by the Salmonella plate incorporation assay. In general, the ambient concentration of particles did not correlate with the air mutagenicity at different work sites. The considerable seasonal variation in the mass concentration of fumes and/or dust and in the airborne particles and air mutagenicity, was apparently related to changes in the intensity of work at some work sites. Because of confounding with smoking, urine mutagenicity was not found suitable for assessment of individual exposure, even though at a group level some correlation in mutagenicity was observed between the air at specific work sites and the workers' urine.

Acetone↗
PubMed1989

Mutagenic and genotoxic activity of chosen dyes and surface active compounds used in the textile industry.

This study was designed to investigate the mutagenic and genotoxic properties of ten dyes and four surface active compounds using Salmonella/microsome assay and the micronucleus test. Five of the investigated dyes (Acid Blue 7, Acid Green 16, Direct Black 19:1, Basic Red 22, Basic Orange 28) possessed mutagenic activity with regard to test strains of Salmonella. In addition, all of them increased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow of mice. Three other compounds (Acid Blue 62, Direct Yellow 12, Direct Red 81), which were not mutagenic in the Salmonella/microsome assay, were genotoxic in the micronucleus test. The other two dyes (Reactive Blue 13, Acid Red 213), as well as tested surface active compounds, did not exert mutagenic and genotoxic effects, and therefore, it is most probable that they do not have carcinogenic properties. Besides, it was noted that Acid Blue 62, Direct Black 19:1, Direct Red 81 and Basic Orange 28 cause a significant decrease in the ratio polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow of mice, which means that, at the doses used in the experiment, they are toxic to the erythrocyte series cells of bone marrow. The other compounds under consideration have no such effect.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1988

Mutagenic activity of some textile dyes in different test systems.

The Salmonella/microsome mammalian test, the micronucleus and the dominant lethal tests on mice were used to study mutagenic effects of three dyes widely used in the textile industry. Direct Black 19:1, Direct Red 81 and Acid Blue 62 increased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow of mice. Out of all dyes tested, only Direct Black 19:1 appeared to be an indirect mutagen inducing reverse mutations in two strains of Salmonella typhimurium TA 1538 and TA 98. None of them produced dominant lethal mutations in germ cells of male mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A new method for intraoral patch testing.

Intraoral patch testing was performed in 3 subjects, 2 of whom were contact sensitive to nickel. Maxillary acrylic plates carrying test pieces containing 66% nickel were applied for 48 h, and readings were performed 24 h after removal. Few if any clinical signs were detected, but biopsies from the mucosal contact sites showed lichenoid reactions. Biopsies from control sites showed no or slight non-specific inflammatory reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Absence of mutagenicity of trioxane and dioxolane in Salmonella typhimurium.

The mutagenic activity of trioxane and dioxolane was investigated in 5 histidine-requiring strains of S. typhimurium: TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98 and TA100 with and without activation by liver microsomes. They were not mutagenic under any of these conditions with any of the his- S. typhimurium tester strains (in the presence or absence of S9 mix from liver homogenate of rats induced with Aroclor 1254).

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Oral exposure to a nickel-containing dental alloy of persons with hypersensitive skin reactions to nickel.

In 10 partially dentate subjects, all with long histories of skin reactions to nickel, prosthetic treatments were performed with fixed prosthetic appliances manufactured in a dental alloy containing 66% nickel. During time periods varying from 12 to over 40 months, these subjects were controlled using a variety of dental and medical methods. Neither adverse general nor oral clinical nor histological reactions were noted during the observation.

Adult↗