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Biomedical subjects

E Solcia

Publications and source records attributed to E Solcia.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural localization of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) in a well characterized endocrine cell of canine duodenal mucosa.

The polypeptide hormone GIP has been localized ultrastructurally by using specific, monoclonal GIP antibodies and an immunogold technique on aldehyde-osmium fixed specimens of dog duodenal mucosa. A single type of cell showing round, homogeneous, fairly osmiophilic granules with closely applied membrane and a mean size of 188 nm +/- 34 SD has been identified as the GIP cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural localization of secretin in endocrine cells of the dog duodenum by the immunogold technique. Comparison with ultrastructurally characterized S cells of various mammals.

Secretin has been localized by the immunogold technique in endocrine cells of the dog duodenum--previously described as "K cells"--characterized by secretory granules with double structure consisting of a secretin-containing osmiophilic core surrounded by an argyrophil halo. Granules resembling those of dog secretin cells were also found in some ultrastructurally characterized S cells of the cat, pig, rat and rabbit duodenum, thus confirming in these species the identification of S cells with secretin cells. Conversely, the cells previously described as "S cells" in the dog lacked secretin immunoreactivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural localization of motilin in endocrine cells of human and dog intestine by the immunogold technique.

Motilin-immunoreactivity has been localized by two electron immunocytochemical techniques, using gold-labelled protein A or IgG as second layer, in a specific type of endocrine cell scattered in the epithelium of human and canine upper small intestine. The motilin (M) cell is characterized by relatively small (180 nm in man; 200 nm in the dog), solid granules with homogeneous core and closely applied membrane, round in man, round to irregularly-shaped in the dog. Perinuclear microfilaments are prominent in human motilin cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Gastric parietal cell carcinoma--a newly recognized entity: light microscopic and ultrastructural features.

Three cases of gastric parietal cell carcinoma are described. Tumour cells are round to polygonal, with abundant eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm reactive with phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin and Luxol Fast Blue. Ultrastructurally the tumour cells are characterized by abundant mitochondria, tubulovesicles, intracellular canaliculi and intercellular lamina filled with undulated microvilli.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

The contribution of immunohistochemistry to the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors.

The use of specific secretory products, hormones, and neuroregulators as diagnostic tools for neuroendocrine tumors is illustrated. Results of extensive immunohistochemical and cytologic investigations are discussed in the light of other pathologic and clinical findings to serve as a basis for tumor classification and as a help in prognostic evaluation. Endocrine tumors of the pancreas, gut, lung and urogenital tract are dealt in some detail.

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Morphologic patterns and diagnostic criteria of VIP-producing endocrine tumors. A histologic, histochemical, ultrastructural, and biochemical study of 32 cases.

Thirty-two tumors (31 pancreatic and one jejunal) all associated with severe watery diarrhea, increased VIP levels in blood and most with hypokalemia, were investigated. The VIP content of tumor tissue ranged from 23 to 15,000 pmol/g. VIP immunoreactive cells were detected histochemically in 24 of 28 tumors investigated, PP immunoreactive cells in 11 of 28 tumors, hCG (alpha chain) immunoreactive cells in 12 of 25 tumors, and neuron specific enolase (NSE) immunoreactive cells in 24 of 26 tumors (the 2 negative results were due to inadequate fixation). All cases showed light microscopic features of epithelial endocrine tumors. Electron microscopy demonstrated a prevalence of agranular, poorly granulated and a minority of well granulated cells. Most secretory granules were round, small (150+/- 30 nm diameter) and of moderate electron density, resembling those of the so-called D1 cells. By electron immunocytochemistry, PP was directly localized in a subpopulation of relatively larger granules (154 +/- 22 nm core diameter) showing closely applied membranes. VIP-storing granules, directly identified only in the jejunal tumor, appear to correspond to a subpopulation of slightly smaller P-type granules (126 +/- 37 nm core diameter) showing a narrow, clear halo. The origin, behavior, and diagnostic criteria of VIPomas are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells in the PP-rich lobe of the human pancreas are identified ultrastructurally and immunocytochemically as F cells.

The ultrastructure of immunohistochemically identified PP cells has been investigated by applying the serial semithin/thin section technique to the human pancreas, with special reference to the posterior part of the head, reputed to originate from the ventral primordium. PP cells of this area differ from those already identified in the rest of the pancreas and correspond to a cell, not yet described in the human pancreas, characterized by larger granules of very variable shape and structure. Such granules resemble those of so-called "F cells", i.e. the PP cells of dog uncinate process and cat duodenal lobe, also coming from the ventral primordium. Thus, human "ventral lobe" PP cells have peculiar potentialities which are expressed in distinctive structural patterns of presently unknown functional meaning.

Fetus↗
PubMed1983

Alpha and beta subunits of glycoprotein hormones in argyrophil pituitary tumors with small granule cells.

A group of 33 functionless pituitary tumors with small argyrophil groups (SAG) were collected from a series of 200 pituitary adenomas (16.5% of all adenomas). Histologically, the tumors showed an unusually high frequency of trabecular patterns, perivascular pseudo-rosettes, and oncocytoid transformation. Immunoreactivity for glycoprotein hormone alpha-chain was found in more or less numerous cells of 20 cases (64.5% of SAG tumors). Thirteen of these cases also showed specific beta-chain immunoreactivity, especially for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) beta-chain, which was present in 11 tumors. Various admixtures of immature, oncocytic, sparsely granulated, and densely granulated cells were observed ultrastructurally, with prevalence of the latter cell variants in tumors showing immunoreactive cells and prevalence of the former cell variants in tumors lacking immunoreactive cells. It is suggested that some relationship may exist between SAG cell (glycoprotein hormone precursor cells?) tumors--or at least part of them--and glycoprotein hormone cell lines. Anyway, whatever their origin and interpretation, SAG cell tumors seem to represent a distinct clinicopathologic entity.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

The endocrine cells of the chicken proventriculus.

The endocrine cells of the chicken proventriculus were investigated by selective staining techniques, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. The following endocrine cell types were identified: 1) Argyrophilic ECL-cells, of unknown function, were very numerous in the 21-day-old chick, but less numerous in the newborn chick; 2) somatostatin-producing D-cells; 3) GLI-cells producing glucagon-related peptides; 4) X-cells of unknown function; 5) BN-cells producing bombesin; and 6) relatively few 5-hydroxytryptamine-producing EC-cells. Each of these cell types show a distinct morphology, distribution and histochemical reactivity. With the exception of BN-cells, they resemble rather closely the corresponding endocrine cell types previously described in the oxyntic mucosa (EGL, D, X and EC cells) or in the intestinal mucosa (L-cells) of the mammalian gut.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Localization of bombesin and GRP (gastrin releasing peptide) sequences in gut nerves or endocrine cells.

Five anti-gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) sera have been characterized against GRP, bombesin and related polypeptides spotted on cellulose acetate discs. Antibodies reacting with the C-terminal G-14 sequence of bombesin and the 19-27 sequence of GRP, were detected in all sera. Antibodies directed exclusively against the bombesin unrelated 1-17 sequence of GRP were found only in one serum (R-6902). With parallel immunohistochemical tests only the C-terminal immunoreactivity was detected in endocrine-paracrine cells of the chicken proventriculus, while both immunoreactivities were present in nerve fibres and a few nerve cell bodies of the mammalian gut. The distribution of GRP- and bombesin-like immunoreactive nerves in the gastric mucosa of both pyloric and oxyntic type the submucosal and myenteric plexus along the whole gastrointestinal wall and at sphincter regions is detailed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Cardiomyopathy of doxorubicin in experimental animals, Factors affecting the severity, distribution and evolution of myocardial lesions.

Heart lesions induced in mice, rats, rabbits and dogs by Doxorubicin administered i.v. according to various schedules were studied by light and electron microscopy Vacuolization of myocardial cytoplasm due to distention of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the T-tubule system and the Golgi vesicles was one of the most common findings. Myocytolysis, clumping and loss of fibrils, fragmentation of sarcomeres, swelling of mitochondria and an increase in lysosomes and residual bodies were also observed. The severity of the cardiomyopathy, quantitatively evaluated by a score system, proved to be dose-dependent. Cardiomyopathy was more severe when the treatment was given in a short period by administration of high doses than when the same cumulative dose was administered as low doses repeated for a long period. The left atrium was more severely affected than the ventricles when high doses were given, whereas it was less affected in animals given low doses. The cardiomyopathy was less severe in animals receiving the same dose in a high volume of solvent and during a long perfusion time. Threshold doses were needed both to induce the cardiomyopathy and to establish it as a progressive disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The endocrine component of prostatic carcinomas, mixed adenocarcinoma-carcinoid tumours and non-tumour prostate. Histochemical and ultrastructural identification of the endocrine cells.

Two types of endocrine-paracrine (EP) cells have been detected histochemically and ultrastructurally in normal and hyperplastic prostates; i.e. type I cells resembling intestinal EC (enterochromaffin) cells and type 2 cells similar to urethral EP cells previously reported by Casanova et al. (1974). About one-third of the 40 prostatic carcinomas studied contained EP cells: two of these were composite tumours exhibiting both adenocarcinomatous and carcinoid patterns. These four tumours have also been studied histochemically and ultrastructurally. ACTH and beta-endorphin immunoreactive cells, ultrastructurally resembling pituitary corticotrophic cells, have been identified in three tumours. Cells identical with type I and type 2 cells of the normal prostate were detected in two cases and in a further case, respectively.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

The diffuse endocrine-paracrine system of the gut in health and disease: ultrastructural features.

At least 16 types of endocrine-paracrine cells have been identified ultrastructurally in the gastrointestinal mucosa. The production of hormones and local messengers such as 5-hydroxytryptamine, gastrin, cholecystokinin, somatostatin, secretin, gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), enteroglucagon (glicentin, GLI), motilin, neurotensin, substance P and the enkephalins, by these cells, has been established. Progress has also been made in cytological studies of gut and pancreatic endocrine tumours. Argentaffin EC cell carcinoids, gastrinomas (of several ultrastructurally different varieties of gastrin cells), L-cell tumours and D-cell tumours are among those cytologically and functionally defined in the gut. Functionally undefined tumours include the so-called non-argentaffin carcinoids arising in various parts of the gut, some of which have been characterised cytologically as gastric ECL cell tumours and gastroduodenal P-D1-cell tumours. Gastrinomas, vipomas and rare argentaffin carcinoids are among gut-related pancreatic endocrine tumours. Non-functional paragangliomas, usually with some neuromatous component, occur in the duodenal wall. Extrapancreatic vipomas display ultrastructural features of ganglioneuroblastomas with peptidergic granules.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Immunohistochemical localization of polypeptides in peripheral autonomic nerves using whole mount preparations.

A method is described for the immunohistochemical localization of peptides in whole-mount preparations. Tissue is fixed as laminae with a picric acid/formaldehyde mixture and then dehydrated, cleared and rehydrated before exposure to antibodies. This procedure ensures adequate penetration of the antibody molecules without the need to freeze and thaw the tissue or to use detergents, preserves antigenicity and lowers non-specific background staining. The laminae are incubated with the primary antisera for 16 h at room temperature and, after washing, with a second, fluorescent tagged, antiserum. This can be followed by a peroxidase-anti-peroxidase localization of the second antiserum, which acts as a bridge. The method gives a precise and reproducible localization of immunoreactive peptides, with good penetration and low background even in thick preparation. Large areas can be scanned and neuroeffector relationships studied more easily than in sections.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Immunohistochemistry of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine.

An immunohistochemical assay for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) has been developed, validated by parallel radioimmunoassay and a series of tests with monoamines or related molecules, and applied to the detection of 5HT in rat brain sections. The procedure seems to be more sensitive and specific than the classical Falck-Hillarp technique. Among amines and related compounds tested, only 5-methoxytryptamine has been found to cross-react. 5HT-immunoreactive neurons and/or fibres have been observed in the spinal cord, brain stem, hypothalamic nuclei, epiphysis and subcommissural organ, thalamus, striatum, corpus callosum, amygdala, hippocampus, olfactory tubercle, and cerebral cortex.

Animals↗