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Biomedical subjects

E Schuller

Publications and source records attributed to E Schuller.

161 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1959

[Psychiatry].

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Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Involvement of central nervous system disclosing Waldenstrom's disease: demonstration of intrathecal secretion of immunoglobulin M].

We report the case of a 68-year old woman complaining of disorders of memory and persistent headaches in whom the diagnosis of Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia (WM) was made. Computerized tomography of the brain showed a butterfly-shaped hyperdensity in the splenium of the corpus callosum, with ventricular dilatation. Magnetic resonance imaging displayed high-intensity signals on T2-weighted sequences. Protein immunoelectrophoresis elicited an IgM kappa peak. The CSF was found to contain proteins and lymphocytes in excess, and immunohistochemical staining confirmed the predominance of anti-kappa and the presence of intrathecal IgM secretion. Chemotherapy was temporarily effective on the memory disorders, but the patient died 26 months after the beginning of treatment. Central nervous system manifestations are seldom observed in WM, and they are now grouped under the name of Bing-Neel syndrome. Psychic disorders are rarely reported. It is suggested that IgM secretion plays a predominant role in the pathogenesis of leucoencephalitis, and this is supported by the finding of intrathecal IgM synthesis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro transmission and antigenicity of a retrovirus isolated from a multiple sclerosis patient.

We have recently isolated an apparently novel retrovirus (LM7) from a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS). We present here results showing that (1) LM7 retrovirus can be transmitted in vitro to a normal human leptomeningeal cell culture and that (2) specific antibody against this retroviral strain can be detected in MS cases. Our results suggest that, if this virus is an endogenous retrovirus, it is different from human endogenous elements already described.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intrathecal mafosfamide therapy for pediatric brain tumors with meningeal dissemination.

The treatment of childhood brain tumors with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dissemination is limited by the relative inaccessibility of the CSF to drugs administered systemically and the paucity of available agents for intrathecal therapy. Mafosfamide is a cyclophosphamide derivative, which does not require hepatic activation and thus can be utilized for regional therapy. Between May 1994 and December 1996, 16 patients 2 to 19 (median 12) years old with various disseminated brain tumors were treated with intraventricular mafosfamide via an indwelling subcutaneous reservoir. The patients received mafosfamide at a dose of 20 mg once or twice weekly until remission was achieved, followed by weekly administrations as consolidation therapy, and every 3 to 4 weeks thereafter for maintenance therapy. Except for transient headaches, nausea and vomiting during and immediately after mafosfamide administration no toxicities were observed. Nine of the 16 patients were evaluable for response by CSF cytology. Eight had complete responses and one patient did not respond. In addition to mafosfamide all patients received systemic chemotherapy as well. However, 4 of the 8 responding patients had developed CSF dissemination under concurrent systemic therapy and cleared their CSF only after administration of intrathecal mafosfamide. At a median follow-up of 21 months, 7 patients are in complete and 4 in partial remission, 2 have stable disease and 3 died of tumor progression. We conclude that mafosfamide at a dose of 20 mg can be safely administered into the CSF and may produce responses and prolong remission of the leptomeningeal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Determination of anti-DNA and anti-RNA antibodies in serum and CSF by a new counterimmunoelectrophoresis method].

A new quantitative counterimmunoelectrophoresis technique allows the determination of anti-DNA and anti-RNA antibodies in the serum and the unconcentrated CSF. Normal sera (but not normal CSF) presents anti-DNA and anti-RNA antibodies probably of IgG type. Pathological results (elevated serum values and/or presence of anti-nucleic antibodies in CSF) are observed in some neurological diseases especially SSPE, multiple sclerosis and, generally speaking infectious diseases. A very significant correlation exists between the presence of anti-nucleic antibodies in CSF and a local (intrathecal) IgG synthesis. The same correlation is observed with oligoclonal aspect in CSF. In some cases a percentage of anti-nucleic antibodies higher in CSF than in serum may indicate the persistence of an infectious agent inside the central nervous system.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Decapitation by hanging].

This case report describes the most infrequently observed decapitation by the rope in the event of a suicidal hanging. Knowing the length of the drop, it was possible to estimate the loading of the neck of about 13 500 N. This value appears to applicable to indicate the upper limit of tolerance of the neck.

Asphyxia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin-binding lymphoid cells (IgGLC) of the cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis and other neurological disorders.

A direct immunofluorescence study was performed on cerbro-spinal fluid (CSF) cells of 24 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 26 control patients with other neurological disorders. A significant increase (p less than 0.01) of the percentage of lymphoid cells with intracytoplasmic IgG (IgGLC) was found in a group of 20 IgG tested MS cases as compared to a control group of 22 IgG tested patients. However, the statistical significance was lost when the same MS group was compared to a group of 10 neurological diseases with supposed immunopathological mechanisms. An increase of the percentage of the IgA-containing cells was also found in some cases of MS. A good relationship appeared between the increase of IgGLC cells and the presumed intrathecal secretion of immunoglobulins as assessed on the protein composition of the CSF. This technique might be of some value in the diagnosis of MS.

Adult↗