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Biomedical subjects

E Scarano

Publications and source records attributed to E Scarano.

82 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphological distribution of middle-ear epithelium in the Wistar rat: a functional hypothesis.

The authors studied the overall microscopical anatomy of the middle ear and of the eustachian tube in 20 tympanic bullae of 10 Wistar rats. Large hexagonal epithelial flat cells covered the roof of the bulla, the two upper thirds of both lateral walls, the upper half of the eustachian tube, and the upper third of the tympanic orifice; ciliated and secretory cells lined the inferior thirds of both walls of the bulla while a ciliated epithelium with strong cilia, all directed towards the tubal orifice, located on the floor of the tympanic cavity together with groups of non-ciliated cells was detectable near the tubal and antral areas and on the floor of the eustachian tube. Non-ciliated cells covered by microvilli were found near the pharyngeal orifice. These observations seem to demonstrate the following: (1) the ciliated elements present a well-defined topographic distribution; (2) a preferential pathway for mucociliary clearance made up of strong ciliated cells located on the floor of the bulla is clearly detectable, and (3) the roof of the bulla seems to be mainly involved in the ventilatory function.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Carotid body tumors: the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects].

The authors discuss the epidemiology, histology, symptomatology, diagnosis and therapy of carotid body tumors, basing their discussion on three personal observations and on a case of cervical dermatocyst which showed clinical and radiological data consistent with diagnosis of a glomus tumor. Chemodectomas of the neck are more often seen in the carotid body and are considered histologically benign, although they might induce local or distant metastases. Clinical presentation is often non-specific and may only consist in a slowly growing mass in the higher jugular-carotid region. Among the various imaging techniques (CT, MR), supra-aortic selective angiography, including digital subtraction techniques, is now considered the most reliable tool, while ultrasonography and gammagraphy with 99mTc-gluconate or 131I-MBG are recommended for screening and family testing purposes. Biopsy is to be avoided as it is very likely to cause massive bleeding and because of the high percentage of false negatives. Surgery is the choice treatment, and lateral cervicotomy is the recommended approach for exeresis of the mass, while radiotherapy should be planned in patients with precise contra-indications for surgery and when the tumor mass has already reached the skull base. Pre-operatory selective embolization is still controversial.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A new case of fronto-nasal dysplasia associated with craniosynostosis].

The Authors report a case of frontonasal dysplasia, a rare congenital syndrome, accompanied by multiple cranial synostosis. According to Cohen, frontonasal dysplasia associated with craniosynostosis may be considered as a separate syndrome and Cohen himself has described its occurrence in members of two families as "Craniofrontonasal Dysplasia". The Authors describe a sporadical case presenting various minor abnormality reported by Cohen, in addition to the hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, demonstrated by the Cranial Ultrasonography and by the NMR study of the brain.

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A disease that needs to be recognized: "importation malaria"].

The author's relieve the increase of number of the cases of malaria verified during the previous years in Italy, in subjects coming from malaria regions. The social and medical implications of this phenomenon are remarked. Epidemiology, pathology, immunology, clinical features and therapy of "imported malaria" are briefly elucidated. The new refined methods for the diagnosis (serological tests: Immunofluorescence - FAT and IFA - Enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay - Elisa - Radio-immuno assay, Merozoite inhibition in culture) are described. The elaboration of a human malaria vaccine is analysed theoretically and practically. The imported malaria is a disease that every physician must recognize and treat.

Antimalarials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Subdural effusion during bacterial meningitis].

Twelve children of age ranged from 4 to 34 months with Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis treated at Meyer Hospital of Florence, were retrospectively reviewed. Eight patients had subdural effusion demonstrated with TC, RM and transfontanellar ultrasonography. All patients are cured without sequelae.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional radiology of the liver: magnetic resonance imaging.

Magnetic Resonance (MR) images sensitive to the flowing blood are defined as images of MR angiography. Proton movement within a magnetic field modifies both the intensity and the phase of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) signal; two techniques of MR angiography are thus distinguished: (TOF) the "time of flight" (intensity) and the "phase-contrast" (phase) technique. In the time of flight MR angiography the blood may appear as hypointense or hyperintense compared to stationary tissues. Blood hypointensity in vessels is due to the flow void phenomenon while hyperintensity is due to the phenomenon of flow-related enhancement. In phase contrast MR angiography, protons moving within a magnetic field modify their phase directly proportional to the displacement velocity and gradient intensity. Moreover, MRI allows noninvasive measurement of blood flow. Flow velocity is measured with TOF sequences or phase-contrast sequences. In TOF sequences quantitative measurement is performed with the bolus tracking procedure. In contrast-phase sequences the velocity is measured based on the extent of signal phase modification induced by the proton displacement velocity. The recent use of liver-specific contrast media supplies information on parenchymal liver function.

Blood Flow Velocity↗