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E Sato

Publications and source records attributed to E Sato.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Dual effects of forskolin on glucose utilization in cultured fibroblasts, as observed with the use of glucose analogs.

It is well known that forskolin suppresses glucose transport in cell membranes. In the present study, however, we indicated a different effect of forskolin on the uptake of radioactive 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) by cultured fibroblasts between the values measured in the presence of unlabeled 2-DG and those measured in the presence of unlabeled glucose. In the former case, the uptake was inhibited by forskolin. On the contrary, [3H] 2-DG uptake in the presence of unlabeled glucose was increased by forskolin. These results suggest that the metabolic difference between the two sugars is involved in the above-mentioned difference in the effect of forskolin. This paper presents that forskolin has stimulatory effect on glycolysis in addition to an inhibitory effect on glucose transporter. The findings seem to be of another interest to indicate the relationship between membrane transport and subsequent intracellular metabolism of glucose.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1994

Healing of chronic gastric ulcer depends on gastric mucosal prostaglandin synthesis.

In the present study, the role of endogenous prostanoid synthesis in gastric mucosa in the healing of chronic gastric ulcers was investigated. Nineteen patients were divided into two groups in accordance with healing state after one month of treatment with cimetidine only: "healed group" and "unhealed group". Biopsy specimens taken from the mucosa around the ulceration (damaged gastric mucosa) and at a distance from the ulceration (normal gastric mucosa) at endoscopy prior to treatment were homogenized, and the mucosal prostanoid synthesis was determined using [14C]arachidonic acid. The mean value of prostaglandin E2 synthesis in the normal gastric mucosa of the healed group was 60% higher than in that of the unhealed group, but the difference was not significant. However, prostaglandin E2 synthesis in the damaged gastric mucosa of the healed group was 117% higher than in that of the unhealed group. The same tendency was observed for prostaglandin D2 and 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha synthesis as for prostaglandin E2. In our study it was demonstrated that there is a good correlation of prostaglandin synthesis in the damaged mucosa with healing of chronic gastric ulceration. Furthermore, our study indicated that prostaglandin synthesis, especially in damaged mucosa, might be important in the healing of gastric ulceration.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1994

Assessment of lupus nephritis activity using urinary retinol-binding protein.

We evaluated the presence of proximal renal tubular dysfunction as measured by urinary retinol-binding protein (RBP) in 70 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Renal disease activity was assessed using the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) index. This is a clinical-laboratory score based on the principle of the physician's intention to treat. Increased urinary RBP (> 400 micrograms/l) was detected in 17 of 22 (77%) patients with active nephritis, six of 18 (33%) patients with probably active nephritis, one of nine (12%) cases with stable renal disease, and one of 21 (5%) cases without apparent renal disease (P < 0.01). Compared to initial values, mean urinary RBP decreased significantly in six patients evaluated after improvement of the exacerbation of renal disease. There was a positive correlation between urinary RBP and 24-h proteinuria (r = 0.40, P < 0.01), and an inverse correlation between urinary RBP and creatinine clearance (r = -0.60, P < 0.01). In a multivariate analysis adjusting for duration of disease, blood pressure, 24-h proteinuria, and creatinine clearance, mean urinary RBP continued to be significantly and progressively greater for patients with no renal disease, stable renal disease, probably active and active nephritis. Proximal tubular dysfunction is frequent in patients with active lupus nephritis. This association cannot be completely explained by the effects of increased total proteinuria, reduced glomerular filtration rate, and systemic hypertension. Urinary RBP seems to be a marker of renal disease activity. This test may be clinically useful to differentiate patients with active lupus nephritis from those with stable or absent renal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Purulent empyema].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Empyema, Pleural↗
PubMed1993

Proliferative and nonproliferative breast disease in atomic bomb survivors. Results of a histopathologic review of autopsy breast tissue.

BACKGROUND: The risk of female breast cancer in association with radiation dose is well established, on the basis of follow-up studies of the atomic bomb survivors and other exposed populations. This association is especially strong for women exposed before 20 years of age and appears to be much weaker among women exposed after 40 years of age. METHODS: Breast tissue samples from 88 high-dose and 225 low-dose autopsy cases from the Radiation Effects Research Foundation Life Span Study sample were examined in detail to determine whether nonproliferative and proliferative breast lesions are associated with radiation dose. RESULTS: Prevalence of proliferative disease in general and atypical hyperplasia in particular were positively associated with radiation dose. The associations were strongest for subjects who were between 40 and 49 years of age at the time of the bombing. CONCLUSIONS: It is hypothesized that the strongest association in women 40 to 49 years of age may be related to the age dependence of radiation-induced breast cancer, in that potential cancers induced in this age group by radiation exposure may receive too little hormonal promotion to progress to frank cancers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical study of mucin carbohydrates and core proteins in human pancreatic tumors.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis, and early diagnosis of carcinoma and discrimination between malignant and benign conditions are difficult. Many pancreatic cancer-associated antigens, such as CA 19-9, DU-PAN-2, YPan-1, and SPan-1, have been studied. However, expression of Tn, sialosyl-Tn, and T antigens in tissues of different types of pancreatic neoplasms has not been investigated systematically. Moreover, little is known about the distribution of different types of apomucins in the pancreas. METHODS: The expression of Tn, sialosyl-Tn, and T antigens and DF3 (mammary type apomucin) and intestinal MRP (intestinal type apomucin) was examined immunohistochemically in 47 pancreatic tumors: 36 invasive ductal carcinomas, 5 intraductal papillary tumors, and 6 adenomas. RESULTS: In normal pancreatic tissues, neither Tn nor sialosyl-Tn antigen was expressed. In contrast, expression of both Tn and sialosyl-Tn antigens was observed in all the invasive ductal carcinomas and intraductal papillary tumors. None of the adenomas expressed both Tn and sialosyl-Tn. DF3 antigen was expressed in all invasive ductal carcinomas but not in intraductal papillary tumors, whereas intestinal MRP was expressed in all the intraductal papillary tumors but not in the invasive ductal carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study suggest that the expression of the mucin core protein and mucin carbohydrate antigens is correlated with the biologic behavior of pancreatic tumors. In particular, the expression of mammary type mucin core protein and intestinal type mucin core protein showed a striking contrast between invasive ductal carcinomas with a poor prognosis and intraductal papillary tumors with a favorable prognosis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1993

Uridine: a marker of myocardial viability after coronary occlusion and reperfusion.

Tissue accumulation of radiolabeled uridine, a precursor of uracil, reflects ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis and may be a marker of viability. To test this hypothesis, myocardial accumulation of H-3 uridine was compared to deoxyglucose uptake and histopathology in an experimental model of myocardial ischemia. In 18 Wistar rats the left coronary artery was occluded for 5, 10 or 60 minutes followed by reperfusion. Five hours later H-3 uridine and C-14 deoxyglucose were administered intravenously and the animals were sacrificed 45 minutes later. The left ventricle of each animal was divided into 12 segments and myocardial tracer accumulation was determined by measurement of tissue radioactivity. From the results of TTC staining, the animals were divided into 3 groups: Group I--ischemia without infarction (n = 9); Group II--non-transmural infarction (n = 4) and transmural infarction (n = 5). Retention of uridine was observed in ischemic zones with enhanced deoxyglucose accumulation in Group I animals. Uridine accumulation was relatively preserved compared to slightly decreased deoxyglucose accumulation in regions of non-transmural infarction in Group II. In Group III, uridine accumulation decreased in parallel with deoxyglucose in zones of infarction. These result suggest that accumulation of radiolabeled uridine may be a useful indicator of viability in ischemic myocardium.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Disk-cathode flash X-ray tube driven by a repetitive two-stage Marx pulser.

Fundamental studies of a repetitive flash X-ray generator using a disk-cathode radiation tube are described. The high-voltage pulser employed a modified two-stage surge-Marx circuit. The two condensers in the pulser were charged from 40 to 60 kV, and the electric charges were discharged to the X-ray tube repetitively to generate flash X-rays. The total capacity during the main discharge was 425 pF, and the maximum output voltage from the pulser was about 1.9 times the charged voltage. The flash X-ray tube was of the demountable-diode type and was composed of a rod-shaped anode tip made of tungsten, a disk cathode made of graphite and a tube body made of polymethylmethacrylate. The peak tube voltage was primarily determined by the anode-cathode (A-C) space, and the peak tube current was less than 0.5 kA. Thus the maximum photon energy could be easily controlled by varying the A-C space, and the tube current roughly increased according to increases in the charged voltage. The pulse width ranged from 40 to 100 ns, and the X-ray intensity was less than 1.1 microC kg-1 at 0.5 m per pulse. The repetition rate was less than 50 Hz, and the effective focal spot size was equivalent to the anode diameter.

X-Ray Therapy↗
PubMed1993

Retardation of mouse odontoblast differentiation by heparin in vitro.

The effect of heparin was studied histologically and immunohistochemically. Tooth germs from 15-day-old mouse embryos were cultured with or without heparin. After 6 days of culture in control medium, mesenchymal cells underlying the inner enamel epithelium had differentiated into odontoblasts and secreted predentine. In medium with heparin, mesenchymal cells were undifferentiated. In medium with other glycosaminoglycans such as chondroitin sulphate, dermatan sulphate or hyaluronate, tooth germs were similar to those in control medium, as were those in medium with heparin-Sepharose absorbed serum. After 12 days of culture in the heparin medium, mesenchymal cells in some cusps had differentiated into odontoblasts and secreted predentine but in other cusps remained undifferentiated. Immunohistochemically, exogenous heparin did not prevent the deposition of type IV collagen, laminin and fibronectin in the basement membrane and extracellular matrix. These results suggest that exogenous heparin retards differentiation of odontoblasts but not by disruption of the basement membrane nor inactivation of heparin-binding growth factors present in serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Transgenic mouse lines with ectopic expression of alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase: production and characteristics.

The cDNA of murine alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase was placed under the control of the beta-actin promoter and cytomegalovirus enhancer, then introduced into male pronuclei of fertilized mouse eggs. The three transgenic mouse lines obtained were analysed for the expression of the transferase by staining with Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin I-B4 (GSI-B4), which is alpha-galactosyl specific. Compared with wild-type mice, all lines of transgenic mice expressed GSI-B4 binding sites more intensely in the renal tubular brush border and lung alveolar epithelium, and newly expressed them in the photoreceptor outer segments, goblet cells of the small intestine and around spermatogonia. GSI-B4 binding sites were also detected in the liver of some transgenic mice. Even though the introduced enzyme gene was expressed in embryos, it did not severely hinder embryogenesis. The transgenic mice tended to secrete more proteins in the urine than the wild type. Furthermore, low body weights, partial damage to hair growth and early death occurred more frequently in the transgenic mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Immunocytochemical analysis of the cellular infiltrate in the spinal cord lesions in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.

Immunocytochemical staining of spinal cords from five autopsied patients with HAM/TSP was performed using a panel of monoclonal antibodies reactive with T cells. T cell subsets, B cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, IL-2 receptor-positive cells, and HLA-ABC and HLA-DR. In the spinal cords of patients with a shorter duration of illness, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells and macrophages were evenly distributed in active-chronic inflammatory lesions. In striking contrast, we noted the predominance of CD8+ cells over CD4+ cells in the inactive-chronic inflammatory lesions of patients with longer duration of illness. Natural killer cells, IL-2 receptor-positive cells and B cells were only rarely present in both the active-chronic and inactive-chronic lesions. HLA-ABC was positive in endothelial cells and infiltrating mononuclear cells, and HLA-DR was positive in endothelial cells, microglia and infiltrating mononuclear cells. This study suggests that immune responses in the spinal cord lesions of HAM patients gradually change along with the duration of illness.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Expression of Lewis X-related antigens in adenocarcinomas of lung.

Fifty primary lung adenocarcinomas were examined immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies to determine changes in the expression of N-acetyl-lactosamine (blood group type-2 chain), LeX, LeY and sialyl LeX-i. These antigens were expressed in 60%, 70%, 90% and 94% of carcinomas, respectively; in 8%, 12%, 56% and 86% of normal broncho-bronchiolar epithelium; and in 32%, 0%, 100% and 0% of normal alveolar epithelium. The greater the complexity of the antigenic structure, the greater the incidence of positive staining in the adenocarcinomas. Although the more complex antigens such as sialyl LeX-i and LeY have also been demonstrated in the sera of lung cancer patients, they were not always cancer-selective in our immunohistochemical study. In contrast, the less complex antigens such as N-acetyl-lactosamine (type-2 chain) and LeX seem to be cancer-selective, as they showed low positivity in normal lung tissue.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Protective effects of Carolina rinse solution against reperfusion injury in canine renal autotransplantation.

To assess the effect of Carolina rinse solution on the renal graft function after cold ischemic storage in the University of Wisconsin solution for 48 h, canine renal transplantation was performed. Survival rate was higher in the kidneys rinsed with Carolina rinse solution (4 of 5, 80%) than that of kidneys rinsed with lactate Ringer's solution (0 of 5, 0%). Postoperative serum creatinine level on day 2 was significantly lower in the Carolina group (3.48 +/- 0.47 mg/dl) than that in the Ringer group (5.60 +/- 0.68 mg/dl) (p < 0.01). All of the grafts in the Carolina group functioned immediately. Whereas, in the Ringer group, none of the grafts functioned postoperatively. Histologically, severe renal damage was observed in the kidneys perfused by lactate Ringer's solution. On the other hand, the damage to the grafts was minimal in the Carolina group. With immunohistochemical staining using factor-VIII-related antigen, the glomeruli were more severely damaged in the kidneys perfused by lactate Ringer's solution than by Carolina rinse solution. The present study showed that Carolina rinse solution was effective in the prevention of the kidney graft damage from reperfusion injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Morphological profiles of mouse ovarian follicles: extensive accumulation of a strongly negative-charged substance at specific foci in follicular tissue during oocyte maturation.

Structural changes in cumulus-oocyte complexes and granulosa cells were induced by administering pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to female mice. Three and 9 h after hCG administration, dissolution of the germinal vesicle (GVBD) and progression to the second metaphase occurred respectively in oocytes. The number of cumulus cells associated with the granulosa cell layer decreased significantly 1 h after hCG administration. Expansion of cumulus cell investment was due to the abundant deposition of intercellular materials in the cumulus-oocyte complexes during oocyte maturation. A strongly negative-charged (colloidal iron-positive) substance was detected in the intercellular spaces of follicular tissue, especially in the cumulus mass. Moreover, cells located where the cumulus mass and granulosa cell layer intertwined became enlarged during the resumption of the meiosis of oocytes. Colloidal iron-positive substances accumulated extensively within the intercellular spaces of the enlarged cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

On the morphology and frequency of Weitbrecht's retinacula in the hip joint.

The flattened band reflecting from the fibrous capsule of the hip joint to the head and neck of the femur has been firstly described as "the retinacula" by Weitbrecht in the middle of eighteenth century. In the light of present clinical aspect, the retinacula has been noticed with renewed interests because the nutrient arteries running through this retinacula are one important criterion for orthopedic reduction in the cases of femoral neck fractures. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the morphology and occurrence of this retinacula from anatomical points of view using cadavers. The results show that there are two types of retinacula: a complete band shape and posterior membranous shape. The frequency of retinacula, totaled 94.8 percent in males and 92.5 percent in females. Therefore, the presence and condition of the retinacula should be carefully examined for pre-operative status in cases of femoral neck fractures.

Aged↗