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Biomedical subjects

E Salvati

Publications and source records attributed to E Salvati.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Synovial chondromatosis of the hip. Evaluation with air computed arthrotomography.

Four patients with primary synovial chondromatosis of the hip were evaluated with air or double contrast computed arthrotomography. Air computed arthrotomography was an easy and accurate method of diagnosing the disease and delineating its anatomic extent. The use of air as a sole contrast agent allowed noncalcified chondromatous nodules to be identified. It prevented faintly calcified nodules from being obscured by positive contrast, and was a better means of assessing the narrow portions of the hip joint. Accurate diagnosis of this disease and its extent was demonstrated using air computed arthrotomography. This method provided the most complete preoperative data for the orthopaedic surgeon.

Arthrography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thromboembolic disease in hip replacement surgery.

Total hip replacement surgery carries the risk of thromboembolic complications, which could be fatal. Over the last three decades however, the risk has decreased considerably thanks to progress made in the understanding of the physiopathogenetic mechanism of thromboembolic disease and perioperative prophylaxis. It is the purpose of this study to discuss the main medical and surgical preventive measures that must be carried out before, during and immediately after surgery. The old concept of deciding thromboembolic prophylaxis after surgery is now obsolete.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Circadian rhythm of plasma norepinephrine in depressive disorders. Preliminary study].

The biological desynchronisation hypothesis of (endogenous) depressive disorders arises from the disturbances in the circadian rhythmicity of several biological functions in depressive illness and clinical improvement during various sleep deprivation processes. Furthermore, supportive evidence exists to postulate a central noradrenergic dysfunction, at least in a sub group of depressive disorders. We studied the 24 h kinetics of plasma norepinephrine in patients suffering from Affective Disorders-Major Depressive Episode according to DSM III criteria. Blood samples were drawn hourly from an indwelling venous catheter in supine subjects. Plasma NE was measured by HPLC with electrochemical detection. 5 patients (age: 35-63) were studied in base line drug free depressive state and compared with 5 control subjects (age: 44-53), then, in 4 patients, on the 8th and 21st days under antidepressant treatment. Control subjects exhibited a circadian rhythm of TP but a weak amplitude and low values during sleep, as previously described. Depressed patients did not display any rhythmicity because of a reduced amplitude and high plasma levels during sleep. Antidepressants did not restore the rhythm. Our results suggest a rhythmic instability involving a circadian lability linked to an ultradian release during sleep. This NA disinhibition could participate in the depressive desynchronisation and the potential relationships with sleep disorders must be discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Circadian rhythms of the central temperature and blood cortisol in endogenous depression].

Beside neurochemical imbalances, there are numerous disruptions of circadian rhythms in endogenous depression. Recent studies have actually shown instability in rhythmicity and phase advance of many circadian rhythms in depression (central temperature, cortisol, urinary MHPG...). We have observed the longitudinal evolution of circadian rhythms (core temperature, plasma cortisol) of depressed patients who were treated by a two weeks phase-advance process, then with antidepressant drugs. Our results show that clinical improvement during phase-advance process is much faster than under tricyclics, with the same Hamilton scale level after two weeks of treatment. From a biological point of view, we show an ultradian instability, a phase advance (2 to 4 hours) and modifications of averages and amplitudes of circadian rhythms. These abnormalities tend to disappear during phase-advance process and antidepressant therapy. Phase response curves to the phase shift in depressed patients could be explained by a bad sensitivity of these subjects to external synchronisers linked to an internal dyschronism. These disturbances lead us to link desynchronisation and endogenous depression.

Antidepressive Agents↗