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Biomedical subjects

E Salamon

Publications and source records attributed to E Salamon.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

A phase I-II trial of induction chemotherapy with carboplatin and fluorouracil in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a report from the UCL-Oncology Group, Belgium.

Eighty-three patients (median age, 56 years and Karnofsky performance status greater than or equal to 70) were treated with carboplatin (Carbo) and fluorouracil (5Fu) for stage III and IV head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). 5Fu (1 g/m2/d) was administered from day 1 to 4 by continuous infusion. Carbo was given on day 1 and, in order to evaluate its maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), the dose level was progressively increased from 250 mg/m2 to 450 mg/m2. The effectiveness of this association and its potential role in local control were also evaluated. Three patients received Carbo at a dose of 250 mg/m2, 13 received 300 mg/m2, one received 330 mg/m2, 12 received 350 mg/m2, six received 375 mg/m2, 26 received 400 mg/m2, 18 received 420 mg/m2, and four received 450 mg/m2. Two (13 of 83) or three courses (64 of 83), repeated every 4 weeks, were administered. The overall (primary tumor and node) response and complete response (CR) rates were 33% and 14%, respectively. For primary tumor, the response rate (RR) was 57% with 32% CR and 18% pathologic complete response (PCR); the RR was higher for patients with oropharyngeal tumor (76%, P = .037) and for patients treated with Carbo greater than or equal to 350 mg/m2 (65%, P = .02); the tumor size (T1 + T2 v T3 + T4) was a good prognostic factor for RR (90% v 46%, P = .001), CR (65% v 20%, P less than .001), and PCR (45% v 8%, P less than .001). For nodes, the RR was 33% with 11% CR. Grade 3-4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were experienced by 17% and 28% of the patients treated with 420 mg/m2 of Carbo and by 50% of the patients treated with 450 mg/m2. The MTD can be fixed at 420 mg/m2 and the proposed dose at 400 mg/m2. Thirty-eight patients were treated with surgery plus radiotherapy, 33 with radiotherapy alone, and seven with surgery alone. The median follow-up is 12 months. The 18-month disease-free survival (DFS) is 78% for overall complete responders and 39% for the others (P = .04). There is no primary tumor recurrence among the 12 patients with a primary tumor PCR treated by radiotherapy alone for tumor control (median follow-up, 17.3 months). The association of Carbo-5Fu is a safe induction chemotherapy regimen for HNSCC. The proposed dose of Carbo for future treatment is 400 mg/m2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Experience of the Belgian Society of Medical Oncology with single-administration 5 g/m2 ifosfamide with mesna as second- or third-line therapy in advanced breast cancer.

In an ongoing phase II trial conducted in advanced breast cancer, we tested a therapy schedule consisting of continuous, 24-h infusion of 5 g/m2 ifosfamide (IFO) in 3 1 dextrose saline with mesna (MSN), repeated every 3 weeks until disease progression. Since September 1988, 16 heavily pretreated patients with advanced disease (11 with visceral lesions) considered refractory to standard chemotherapy (regimens always including cyclophosphamide) have been included. Objective partial remissions were observed in two cases (one in liver and one in soft-tissue and pleural lesions), and disease stabilization for at least 3 months occurred in four cases. No treatment-related death was recorded and tolerance was judged to be excellent (six cases) or acceptable in all instances. The haematological toxicity consisted mainly of transient leucopenia (nadirs evaluated by WHO scale as grade 3 in 43% and grade 4 in 29%), sometimes associated with thrombocytopenia (grade 3 in 7% and grade 4 in 7%). Other side effects included nausea and/or vomiting (grade 3-4 in 33%); worsening of preexisting alopecia (five cases); haemorrhagic cystitis (one case); mild, transient somnolence (two cases); and moderate fluid retention (two cases). We concluded that infusion of 5 g/m2 IFO over 24 h with MSN rescue might represent an acceptable second- or third-line salvage regimen. Close monitoring of haematological and renal function parameters is recommended. A larger number of patients will be treated in a continuation of this study to evaluate the true response rate within narrower confidence limits.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Biological activity of nasally administered insulin in normal subjects.

Nasally administered (IN) insulin has been advocated as a potentially useful alternative to subcutaneously administered regular insulin because of its more rapid onset and time to peak action and its shorter duration of action. This study further defines the pharmacodynamics of IN insulin by using a euglycemic clamp technique to determine the bioavailability of IN insulin as compared with intravenous (IV) insulin, and to ascertain whether multiple sequentially administered doses of IN insulin alter pharmacodynamics. Eight normal volunteers received 2 control doses of IV insulin (0.05 U/kg), and 3 high doses (0.7 U/kg) and 3 low doses (0.35 U/kg) of IN insulin with an absorption enhancer (tauro-24,25 dihydrofusidate) given sequentially over a 2 day period. A euglycemic clamp was performed with a Biostator (Ames) that infused dextrose to keep the subject's blood glucose at his fasting level. Analysis of dextrose infusion curves for the low and high doses of IN insulin revealed an onset of action of 9.4 +/- 0.4 and 10.5 +/- 0.3 minutes, time to peak action of 20.6 +/- 5.6 and 23.7 +/- 4.4 minutes and duration of action of 82.1 +/- 5.2 and 95 +/- 5.7 minutes respectively. Both the onset of action and time to peak action were slightly longer (P less than .05) for the high as compared with the low dose IN insulin, although this should not represent a clinically significant difference. The total dextrose requirement was 21.9 +/- 2.3 g for the low dose IN insulin and 34.1 +/- 3.3 g for the high dose IN insulin, the latter value being significantly greater (P less than .01) than the former.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1989

The homosexual escort agency: deviance disavowal.

This article examines the management of deviance disavowal techniques by a commercial organization. Ball's abortion clinic ethnography (1972:158-86) paved the way for an analysis of the neutralization of disreputable encounters. This study, based on research conducted in London, England during 1981, attempts to explore how stigmatizing sexual liaisons are routinely managed by an escort agency. The article is based on interviews conducted with one homosexual escort agency owner and twenty-eight male escorts and discusses the neutralization of moral approbrium through the organization of names, space and structure.

Attitude↗
PubMed1986

Selective unresponsiveness of pancreatic beta-cells to acute sulfonylurea stimulation during sulfonylurea therapy in NIDDM.

Patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who have chronic hyperglycemia lose acute incremental insulin responses to glucose but are able to briskly respond to other beta-cell secretagogues. To investigate whether this is a defect specific for glucose or represents a more general phenomenon, we measured the insulin responses to acute intravenous tolbutamide in 10 obese patients with NIDDM both before and during sulfonylurea therapy with tolazamide. Comparable glycemia was achieved with oral dextrose 2 h before intravenous testing. To assess beta-cell responsiveness to a nonsulfonylurea secretagogue, 1 mg glucagon was administered intravenously during tolazamide therapy. In seven patients, the mean peak insulin increment 5 or 10 min after intravenous tolbutamide was 54 +/- 11 microU/ml when not receiving tolazamide (0.14 +/- 1.3 microU/ml) with tolazamide (P less than .001), even though serum insulin responded rapidly to intravenous glucagon. In four patients tested for reversibility of their refractoriness to intravenous tolbutamide during chronic tolazamide therapy, the mean peak insulin increment 1 wk after discontinuing tolazamide was 79 +/- 22 microU/ml. A relatively rapid development of refractoriness was documented in four patients who were tested only 12 h after beginning tolazamide therapy; the mean peak insulin increments 5-10 min after intravenous tolbutamide were undetectable (-0.5 microU/ml), yet responses to intravenous glucagon were evident. In these NIDDM patients, exposure of pancreatic beta-cells to sustained levels of sulfonylureas induces a reversible state of refractoriness to acute stimulation with sufonylureas but not to another secretagogue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Influence of hyposensitization with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract on clinical score, total and specific IgE levels, and skin test in asthmatic patients.

To evaluate the effects of immunotherapy on clinical response, on IgE serum level, on radioallergosorbent test (RAST), and on skin tests, a prospective study was performed by a follow-up of 73 asthmatic patients allergic for house dust during hyposensitization with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract. No relationship could be found between the evolution of clinical score, skin tests and RAST, but 91% of the patients with a decreasing IgE serum level had satisfactory clinical results. Serial determinations of serum IgE levels during hyposensitization showed two patterns of evolution with a favourable prognostic value: a continuously decreasing serum IgE or a primary increase followed by a late decrease.

Allergens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improvement of hematological and general tolerance to CMF by high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (HD-MPA) adjuvant treatment for primary node positive breast cancer (analysis of 100 patients).

In a prospective randomized trial comparing CMF to CMF + HD-MPA for primary node positive breast cancer patients, the authors evidenced clear improvement of hematological tolerance (especially of WBC - granulocytes counts) to chemotherapy in the group receiving also hormonotherapy. The design of the trial allowed to give the patients overall high doses of CMF therapy in both arms; in the group receiving HD-MPA significantly higher doses of CMF could be administered (96.3-97.8% for CMF + HD-MPA treated patients vs 89.7-91.1% for CMF alone treated patients). The menopausal status did not influence the results.

Adult↗